What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-40540?

CVE-2025-40540 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.1 (Critical). CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.1%.

How to fix or mitigate CVE-2025-40540?

Within 24 hours: Audit all administrative account access logs for Serv-U and identify any suspicious activity; restrict administrative access to trusted personnel only. Within 7 days: Isolate Serv-U instances on a segmented network with strict firewall rules limiting administrative connections; conduct a security assessment of all accounts with admin privileges. Within 30 days: Monitor vendor communications for patch availability; develop and test a migration or upgrade plan; implement enhanced monitoring and endpoint detection and response (EDR) on systems running Serv-U.

Windows CVE-2025-40540

CRITICAL

Incorrect Type Conversion or Cast (CWE-704)

2026-02-24 psirt@solarwinds.com

Windows Serv U Solarwinds

9.1

CVSS 3.1 · NVD

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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness	CWE CWE-704 OWASP Top 10:2025 A06:2021 - Vulnerable and Outdated Components ASVS 5.0 V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Correct type conversion
Impact	CVSS 9.1. Multiple RCE vectors increase exploitation likelihood.
Exploit ScenarioDerived	Alternative type confusion path for achieving RCE on the Serv-U file transfer server.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Why: CRITICAL severity.

No patch listed yet 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 12, 2026

Second type confusion vulnerability in SolarWinds Serv-U. Different attack vector from CVE-2025-40539 but same impact — arbitrary code execution.

Earlier versions of this analysis (1)

v1 Mar 12, 2026 - 21:55 CVSS 9.1

Type confusion RCE in Serv-U — third CVE.

RemediationAI

Apply SolarWinds security update addressing all Serv-U CVEs.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

CWE-704 type confusion, different code path from CVE-2025-40539.

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Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 9.1 CRITICAL

AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

High

User Interaction

None

Scope

Changed

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

High

Availability

High

DescriptionCVE.org

A type confusion vulnerability exists in Serv-U which when exploited, gives a malicious actor the ability to execute arbitrary native code as privileged account.

This issue requires administrative privileges to abuse. On Windows deployments, the risk is scored as a medium because services frequently run under less-privileged service accounts by default.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

A critical vulnerability in Serv-U allows attackers with administrative access to execute arbitrary code with system-level privileges, potentially leading to complete system compromise and lateral movement across the infrastructure. This poses significant risk to organizations running Serv-U, as compromised administrative accounts could enable data theft, ransomware deployment, or persistent backdoor installation.

Business Impact: Severe

Compensating Controls

Implement network segmentation to restrict administrative access to Serv-U to a limited trusted network; enforce multi-factor authentication (MFA) on all Serv-U administrative accounts; deploy EDR/XDR solutions on Serv-U host systems to detect suspicious process execution; enable comprehensive audit logging for all administrative actions; restrict and monitor outbound connections from Serv-U instances; disable unnecessary administrative features; monitor vendor security advisories daily for patch release.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score

0.1%

Top 80% exploitable

Data Quality

3 sources

Confidence: Low

NVD

CVE.org

EPSS

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity CRITICAL

CISA KEV No

Public POC No

EPSS 0.1%

Patch available No

Active threat No

Deciding rule

CRITICAL severity

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived

Scheduled

Exploitation· derived

None

System Exposure· derived

Open

Automatable· derived

Human Impact

Very High

Priority Score

Low Medium High Critical

KEV: 0

EPSS: 0

CVSS: +46

PoC: 0

Weaponized: 0

Threat intel: 0

Gov advisory: 0

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:a:solarwinds:serv-u:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

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References

Advisories & patches

ADVISORY https://documentation.solarwinds.com/en/success_center/servu/content/release_notes/servu_15-5-4_release_notes.htm ADVISORY https://www.solarwinds.com/trust-center/security-advisories/CVE-2025-40540

Search Externally

GitHub PoC

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