What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-40539?

CVE-2025-40539 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.1 (Critical). CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.1%.

How to fix or mitigate CVE-2025-40539?

Within 24 hours: Identify all Serv-U instances in your environment and document administrative user accounts; implement enhanced logging and monitoring of admin activities. Within 7 days: Restrict administrative access to Serv-U to only essential personnel; conduct access reviews to remove unnecessary admin privileges; isolate Serv-U instances from critical systems where possible. Within 30 days: Contact Serv-U vendor for patch availability timeline; evaluate alternative solutions or decommissioning high-risk instances; conduct full security audit of all admin account activities since deployment.

Windows CVE-2025-40539

CRITICAL

Incorrect Type Conversion or Cast (CWE-704)

2026-02-24 psirt@solarwinds.com

Windows Serv U Solarwinds

9.1

CVSS 3.1 · NVD

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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness	CWE CWE-704 OWASP Top 10:2025 A06:2021 - Vulnerable and Outdated Components ASVS 5.0 V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Correct type conversion
Impact	CVSS 9.1. RCE on file transfer infrastructure.
Exploit ScenarioDerived	Attacker triggers type confusion to corrupt memory and execute arbitrary code on the Serv-U server.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Why: CRITICAL severity.

No patch listed yet 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 12, 2026

Type confusion vulnerability in SolarWinds Serv-U enables arbitrary code execution. Second critical Serv-U vulnerability.

Earlier versions of this analysis (1)

v1 Mar 12, 2026 - 21:55 CVSS 9.1

Type confusion RCE in SolarWinds Serv-U.

RemediationAI

Apply SolarWinds security update.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

CWE-704 type confusion. Incorrect type casting allows memory corruption leading to code execution.

Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 9.1 CRITICAL

AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

High

User Interaction

None

Scope

Changed

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

High

Availability

High

DescriptionCVE.org

A type confusion vulnerability exists in Serv-U which when exploited, gives a malicious actor the ability to execute arbitrary native code as privileged account.

This issue requires administrative privileges to abuse. On Windows deployments, the risk is scored as a medium because services frequently run under less-privileged service accounts by default.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

A critical type confusion vulnerability in Serv-U allows attackers with administrative access to execute arbitrary code with elevated privileges, potentially compromising sensitive data and system integrity. Organizations running Serv-U must immediately assess their administrative access controls and implement monitoring, as exploitation could lead to complete system compromise and data breach.

Business Impact: Severe

Compensating Controls

Restrict administrative access to Serv-U through network segmentation and principle of least privilege; implement multi-factor authentication for all admin accounts; deploy enhanced audit logging and SIEM monitoring for Serv-U administrative actions; consider temporarily disabling non-essential Serv-U functionality or services until patch is available; monitor vendor advisories and security channels for patch release updates.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score

0.1%

Top 80% exploitable

Data Quality

3 sources

Confidence: Low

NVD

CVE.org

EPSS

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity CRITICAL

CISA KEV No

Public POC No

EPSS 0.1%

Patch available No

Active threat No

Deciding rule

CRITICAL severity

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived

Scheduled

Exploitation· derived

None

System Exposure· derived

Open

Automatable· derived

Human Impact

Very High

Priority Score

Low Medium High Critical

KEV: 0

EPSS: 0

CVSS: +46

PoC: 0

Weaponized: 0

Threat intel: 0

Gov advisory: 0

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:a:solarwinds:serv-u:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

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References

Advisories & patches

ADVISORY https://documentation.solarwinds.com/en/success_center/servu/content/release_notes/servu_15-5-4_release_notes.htm ADVISORY https://www.solarwinds.com/trust-center/security-advisories/CVE-2025-40539

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