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Debian Linux CVE-2025-39841

HIGH
Out-of-bounds Write (CWE-787)
2025-09-19 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
Buffer Overflow Linux Memory Corruption Debian Debian Linux
7.8
CVSS 3.1 · NVD
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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
CWE-787
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2021 - Vulnerable and Outdated Components
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Bounds checking, write limits
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Execution, Privilege Escalation

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

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Impact

CVSS score of 7.8 (HIGH). Attack characteristics: local attack vector, low complexity, low privileges required, no user interaction not required. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.01%.
Exploit ScenarioDerived

A local attacker with access to the system could write data beyond allocated buffer boundaries leading to code execution or crashes.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Why: Active threat signals + CRITICAL/HIGH severity.
Patch available 0.0% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 28, 2026

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: scsi: lpfc: Fix buffer free/clear order in deferred receive path Fix a use-after-free window by correcting the buffer release. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability could allow attackers to write data beyond allocated buffer boundaries leading to code execution or crashes.

RemediationAI

A vendor patch is available. Apply the latest security update as soon as possible. Validate write boundaries, use memory-safe languages, enable compiler protections (ASLR, stack canaries).

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Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified as Out-of-bounds Write (CWE-787), which allows attackers to write data beyond allocated buffer boundaries leading to code execution or crashes. In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: scsi: lpfc: Fix buffer free/clear order in deferred receive path Fix a use-after-free window by correcting the buffer release sequence in the deferred receive path. The code freed the RQ buffer first and only then cleared the context pointer under the lock. Concurrent paths (e.g., ABTS and the repost path) also inspect and release the same pointer under the lock, so the old order could lead to double-free/UAF. Note that the repost path already uses the correct pattern: detach the pointer under the lock, then free it after dropping the lock. The deferred path should do the same. Affected products include: Linux Linux Kernel, Debian Debian Linux.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 7.8 HIGH
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SUSE HIGH
Red Hat 7.0 MEDIUM

Primary rating from NVD.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch released
Mar 28, 2026 - 19:13 nvd
Patch available
CVE Published
Sep 19, 2025 - 16:15 nvd
HIGH 7.8

DescriptionNVD

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

scsi: lpfc: Fix buffer free/clear order in deferred receive path

Fix a use-after-free window by correcting the buffer release sequence in the deferred receive path. The code freed the RQ buffer first and only then cleared the context pointer under the lock. Concurrent paths (e.g., ABTS and the repost path) also inspect and release the same pointer under the lock, so the old order could lead to double-free/UAF.

Note that the repost path already uses the correct pattern: detach the pointer under the lock, then free it after dropping the lock. The deferred path should do the same.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

CVE-2025-39841 presents notable security risk, a out-of-bounds write vulnerability rated CVSS 7.8. Exploitation could allow attackers to corrupt memory, crash the application, or potentially execute arbitrary code. A patch is available and should be applied as part of regular vulnerability management.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If immediate patching is not feasible: (1) Enable ASLR and DEP where available; (2) Implement network segmentation; (3) Monitor for exploitation indicators.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.0%
Top 97% exploitable
Threat Intel
1
1 source
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High
NVD CVE.org EPSS CISA Vendor VulDB

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.0%
Patch available Yes
Active threat Yes
Deciding rule
Active threat signals + CRITICAL/HIGH severity
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact
High

Priority Score

49
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +39
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: +10
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Buffer Overflow HIGH

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

Memory Corruption HIGH

Memory corruption occurs when a program writes data beyond the boundaries of allocated memory regions or accesses memory in unintended ways, violating the integrity of the process's address space.

Affected Products (CPE)NVD

cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.17:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.17:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.17:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.17:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

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Same weakness CWE-787 – Out-of-bounds Write

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Same technique Buffer Overflow

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CVE-2009-0927 HIGH POC
8.8

Vendor StatusVendor

SUSE

Severity: High
Product Status
Container suse/sl-micro/6.0/base-os-container:2.1.3-7.65 Container suse/sl-micro/6.1/base-os-container:2.2.1-5.52 Image SL-Micro Image SL-Micro-Azure Image SL-Micro-BYOS-Azure Image SL-Micro-BYOS-EC2 Image SL-Micro-BYOS-GCE Image SL-Micro-EC2 Image SLE-Micro Image SLE-Micro-Azure Image SLE-Micro-BYOS Image SLE-Micro-BYOS-Azure Image SLE-Micro-BYOS-EC2 Image SLE-Micro-BYOS-GCE Image SLE-Micro-EC2 Image SLE-Micro-GCE Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Proxy-BYOS-Azure Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Proxy-BYOS-EC2 Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Proxy-BYOS-GCE Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Server-Azure-llc Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Server-Azure-ltd Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Server-BYOS-Azure Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Server-BYOS-EC2 Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Server-BYOS-GCE Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Server-EC2-llc Image SUSE-Multi-Linux-Manager-Server-EC2-ltd Affected
Container suse/sl-micro/6.0/kvm-os-container:2.1.3-6.88 Container suse/sl-micro/6.1/kvm-os-container:2.2.1-5.53 Affected
Container suse/sl-micro/6.0/rt-os-container:2.1.3-7.105 Container suse/sl-micro/6.1/rt-os-container:2.2.1-5.45 Affected
Image SLES-Azure-3P Image SLES-Azure-Basic Image SLES-Azure-Standard Image SLES-BYOS-Azure Image SLES-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES-BYOS-GCE Image SLES-CHOST-BYOS-Aliyun Image SLES-CHOST-BYOS-Azure Image SLES-CHOST-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES-CHOST-BYOS-GCE Image SLES-CHOST-BYOS-GDC Image SLES-CHOST-BYOS-SAP-CCloud Image SLES-EC2 Image SLES-GCE Image SLES-Hardened-BYOS-Azure Image SLES-Hardened-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES-Hardened-BYOS-GCE Image SLES-SAPCAL-Azure Image SLES-SAPCAL-EC2 Image SLES-SAPCAL-GCE Affected
Image SLES-SAP-Azure Image SLES-SAP-Azure-3P Image SLES-SAP-BYOS-Azure Image SLES-SAP-BYOS-EC2 Image SLES-SAP-BYOS-GCE Image SLES-SAP-GCE Affected

Threat IntelligenceMISP

CISA Advisories
ICSA-26-134-10
Sources: CISA (public domain)

References

Advisories & patches
PATCH https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/367cb5ffd8a8a4c85dc89f55e7fa7cc191425b11 PATCH https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/55658c7501467ca9ef3bd4453dd920010db8bc13 PATCH https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/897f64b01c1249ac730329b83f4f40bab71e86c7 PATCH https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/95b63d15fce5c54a73bbf195e1aacb5a75b128e2 PATCH https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9dba9a45c348e8460da97c450cddf70b2056deb3 PATCH https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ab34084f42ee06a9028d67c78feafb911d33d111 PATCH https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/baa39f6ad79d372a6ce0aa639fbb2f1578479f57 PATCH https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d96cc9a1b57725930c60b607423759d563b4d900 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:18281 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:18318 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:19102 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:19103 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:21083 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:21084 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:21112 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:21118 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:22661 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:22995 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:22996 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:22997 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:22999 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:23445 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:23463 ADVISORY https://ubuntu.com/security/notices/USN-8125-1 ADVISORY https://ubuntu.com/security/notices/USN-8126-1 ADVISORY https://vuldb.com/vuln/325031 ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:20994/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:20996/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:21040/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:21052/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:21056/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:21064/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:21074/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:21139/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:21179/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:4057/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:4128/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:4132/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:4140/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:4141/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:4189/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:4301/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2026:20317/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2026:20333/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2026:20560/ REF https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-032379.html REF https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-089022.html REF https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00007.html REF https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00008.html

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