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PingFederate CVE-2025-26862

NONE
Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts (CWE-307)
2025-10-27 responsible-disclosure@pingidentity.com
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Identify PingFederate in redirectless mode
  2. Delivery
    Reach HTML Form Adapter auth endpoint
  3. Exploit
    Trigger unexpected form rendering
  4. Execution
    Submit repeated credential guesses
  5. Persist
    Brute-force valid login
  6. Impact
    Compromise user account

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A07:2025 - Authentication Failures
ASVS 5.0
V6 - Authentication Brute-force prevention, rate limiting
Exploitation Conditions

Requires the PingFederate HTML Form Adapter to be running in the non-default 'redirectless' mode - this is NOT a default configuration, so default deployments are not exposed. Under that mode the adapter unexpectedly renders the authentication form, permitting repeated authentication attempts. Limiting factors: the non-default configuration requirement, high attack complexity (AC:H), required user/client interaction (UI:P), and PR:L (some privilege/valid context to reach the flow). Realistic impact further depends on weak passwords and the absence of compensating account-lockout or rate-limiting controls, since the flaw only enables attempts rather than directly compromising data.

Impact

This is a low-urgency weakness, not a direct-impact vulnerability. The vendor-supplied CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P with VC:N/VI:N/VA:N) encodes that the flaw itself produces NO direct confidentiality, integrity, or availability impact - it merely removes an expected guard so that repeated authentication attempts become possible (CWE-307). Any real impact (credential/account compromise) is downstream and probabilistic, depending on password strength and absence of other lockout controls. Signals align toward low real-world priority: EPSS is 0.28% (18th percentile), there is NO CISA KEV listing and NO public exploit identified at time of analysis. Crucially, exploitation is gated on a NON-DEFAULT configuration - 'redirectless mode' in the HTML Form Adapter - which sharply narrows the exposed population. AC:H and UI:P (user/client interaction) further reduce automatability. The 'Information Disclosure' tag conflicts with both the CWE (improper restriction of excessive authentication attempts) and the all-N impact metrics; this is an authentication-hardening/brute-force issue, not disclosure. No CVSS base SCORE was provided (only a vector), so severity magnitude is unconfirmed; the vector's all-N impacts imply a very low base score.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker identifies a PingFederate deployment that has the HTML Form Adapter operating in the non-default redirectless mode. Because the adapter unexpectedly renders the authentication form in this mode, the attacker can submit repeated login attempts against a target username without the normally-expected restriction, enabling an online brute-force or password-spray attack toward account takeover. No public exploit code is identified at time of analysis, and the high complexity plus required interaction limit easy automation.

Awaiting Data No severity or threat signals available yet. Label will update when CVSS score is published or threat intelligence arrives.
No patch listed yet 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 01, 2026

Unexpected authentication form rendering in PingFederate's HTML Form Adapter can permit repeated authentication attempts against a user context, making brute-force or password-guessing attacks more practical. Exposure is limited to deployments that have explicitly enabled the adapter's non-default redirectless mode, so default installations are not affected; successful abuse further depends on weak passwords and the absence of account lockout or rate-limiting controls. There is no evidence of active exploitation (not listed in CISA KEV) and no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the EPSS score is low (0.28%, ~18th percentile), consistent with a low-urgency weakness rather than a direct-impact vulnerability.

RemediationAI

Apply the fix identified in Ping Identity's advisory for unexpected template rendering in redirectless mode (https://support.pingidentity.com/s/article/PingFederate-unexpected-template-rendering-in-redirectless-mode) and install the current PingFederate build from https://www.pingidentity.com/en/resources/downloads/pingfederate.html; the advisory should be consulted for the exact patched version line because the supplied data does not state a fix version. If the HTML Form Adapter does not genuinely require redirectless mode, the most effective compensating control is to revert to the default redirect-based rendering, which removes the affected code path entirely - the only trade-off being the loss of the redirectless behavior relied on by embedded or API-style clients. Where redirectless mode must remain enabled, enforce per-account and per-source rate limiting, account lockout with progressive delays, and MFA or CAPTCHA on the rendered form, and alert on bursts of authentication failures; note that aggressive lockout thresholds can be abused to deny access to legitimate users and add support burden, while MFA increases login friction for affected clients. Because the weakness only enables repeated attempts rather than directly exposing credentials or data, monitoring and credential-strength controls (blocking known-breached and weak passwords) are the pragmatic complements to patching.

Affected ProductsAI

The issue affects PingFederate deployments in which the HTML Form Adapter is configured to use redirectless mode; the vendor explicitly describes this as a non-default configuration, so standard redirect-based HTML Form Adapter deployments are not exposed. No CPE strings or precise affected version ranges are present in the supplied intelligence, and the CVSS 4.0 safety metric is marked as Not Defined, so the exact impacted and fixed release lines must be taken from Ping Identity's advisory at https://support.pingidentity.com/s/article/PingFederate-unexpected-template-rendering-in-redirectless-mode, with builds available from https://www.pingidentity.com/en/resources/downloads/pingfederate.html. The vendor self-reported the issue (responsible-disclosure@pingidentity.com) and the NVD references carry no version-level CPE detail, so administrators should map their installed PingFederate version against that advisory rather than assuming all releases are affected.

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Technical ContextAI · show details

The affected component is the HTML Form Adapter of PingFederate, Ping Identity's federation and single sign-on server, which renders the login form used when an application delegates authentication to PingFederate. The flaw is classified as CWE-307 (Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts) and manifests only when the adapter is configured in 'redirectless' mode - a non-default operating mode that renders the authentication template without the normal redirect sequence, typically used by embedded, iframe-based, or API-driven clients. Under that configuration the adapter renders the authentication form in circumstances where it was not expected, resulting in an additional surface where credentials can be submitted repeatedly. The supplied CVSS v4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/S:P/AU:Y, U:Amber, with no safety-metric impact values set) reflects network reachability, high attack complexity, a low-privileged context, and participant-level user interaction, with no impact to confidentiality, integrity, or availability of the vulnerable system. Our independent assessment, expressed in CVSS 3.1 terms (AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N), agrees on the network-reachable, high-complexity, low-privilege, user-interaction prerequisites and adds only a low confidentiality impact; neither assessment indicates integrity or availability impact or scope change. The root cause is the missing restriction on repeated authentication attempts in this rendering path, not a memory-safety or injection defect.

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Severity by source

Vendor (pingidentity) PRIMARY 0.0 LOW
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/S:P/AU:Y/RE:L/U:Amber
vuln.today AI 2.6 LOW

AC:H and non-default mode plus UI:R gate access; PR:L per vendor; direct flaw only enables brute force, so at most C:L (downstream account compromise), no I/A impact.

3.1 AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (pingidentity).

CVSS VectorVendor: pingidentity

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
High
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
Passive
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
None
Vulnerable system: Integrity
None
Vulnerable system: Availability
None
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

Unexpected authentication form rendering in HTML Form Adapter using only non-default redirectless mode in PingFederate allows authentication attempts which may enable brute force login attacks.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 82% exploitable
Prevalence
Medium
widely-used enterprise federation/SSO product, but not ubiquitous consumer software
Data Quality
3 sources
Confidence: Low

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity NONE
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available No
Active threat No
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.
Awaiting Data No severity or threat signals available yet. Label will update when CVSS score is published or threat intelligence arrives.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium
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