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Websphere Application Server CVE-2025-12635

| EUVDEUVD-2025-201831 MEDIUM
Cross-site Scripting (XSS) (CWE-79)
2025-12-08 psirt@us.ibm.com
XSS IBM Websphere Application Server
5.4
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: us
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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
CWE-79
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Output encoding, context-aware escaping
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Initial Access, Execution

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

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Impact

Attackers can steal session cookies, redirect users to malicious sites, deface content, or perform actions on behalf of authenticated users. With a CVSS score of 5.4 (MEDIUM), this represents a moderate risk.
Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker injects a JavaScript payload into a vulnerable input field. When another user views the page, the script executes in their browser, stealing their session token.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.0% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 15, 2026

IBM WebSphere Application Server 8.5, 9.0 and IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 25.0.0.12 are affected by cross-site scripting due to improper validation of user-supplied input. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by using a specially crafted URL to redirect the user to a malicious site.

Earlier versions of this analysis (1)
v1 Mar 15, 2026 - 17:54 CVSS 5.4

RemediationAI

Encode all user-supplied output contextually (HTML, JS, URL). Implement Content Security Policy (CSP) headers. Use HTTPOnly and Secure cookie flags.

Affected VersionsENISA

WebSphere Application Server Liberty 17.0.0.3 ≤25.0.0.12
WebSphere Application Server 8.5
WebSphere Application Server 9.0 ≤2.0.18

Affected Packages

euvd websphere_application_server no fix
euvd websphere_application_server_liberty no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 2 packages in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

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Technical ContextAI · show details

Cross-site scripting (XSS) allows injection of client-side scripts into web pages viewed by other users due to insufficient output encoding.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source

Vendor (us) PRIMARY 5.4 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

Primary rating from Vendor (us) · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorVendor: us

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
Required
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
Low
Availability
None

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

CVE-2025-12635 presents moderate security risk, a cross-site scripting vulnerability rated CVSS 5.4. Attackers could inject scripts to steal sessions or perform actions as authenticated users. Organizations should apply vendor updates when available and monitor for exploitation.

Business Impact: Low
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If patching is delayed: implement CSP headers, enable HttpOnly cookies, deploy WAF XSS rules.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.0%
Top 89% exploitable
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium
EUVD NVD CVE.org EPSS

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.0%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Defer
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact
Low

Priority Score

27
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +27
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Cross-Site Scripting MEDIUM

Cross-Site Scripting occurs when an application accepts untrusted data and sends it to a web browser without proper validation or encoding.

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References

Advisories & patches
ADVISORY https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-12635 ADVISORY https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7254078

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