Nextcloud
CVE-2023-31128
HIGH
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization OS command sanitization, avoid shell exec
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 1 tactic: Execution The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Impact | CVSS score of 8.8 (HIGH). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, low complexity, low privileges required, no user interaction not required. Public proof-of-concept exploit code is available. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | A remote attacker could execute arbitrary operating system commands on the host by sending crafted requests to the affected application. |
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Alert meAnalysisAI
NextCloud Cookbook is a recipe library app. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
RemediationAI
A vendor patch is available. Apply the latest security update as soon as possible. Avoid passing user input to shell commands. Use language-specific APIs instead of shell execution. Apply strict input validation with allowlists.
Affects your stack
Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
This vulnerability is classified as OS Command Injection (CWE-78), which allows attackers to execute arbitrary operating system commands on the host. NextCloud Cookbook is a recipe library app. Prior to commit a46d9855 on the master branch and commit 489bb744 on the main-0.9.x branch, the pull-checks.yml workflow is vulnerable to command injection attacks because of using an untrusted github.head_ref field. The github.head_ref value is an attacker-controlled value. Assigning the value to zzz";echo${IFS}"hello";# can lead to command injection. Since the permission is not restricted, the attacker has a write-access to the repository. This issue is fixed in commit a46d9855 on the master branch and commit 489bb744 on the main-0.9.x branch. There is no risk for the user of the app within the NextCloud server. This only affects the main repository and possible forks of it. Those who have forked the NextCloud Cookbook repository should make sure their forks are on the latest version to prevent code injection attacks and similar. Affected products include: Nextcloud Cookbook.
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- Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.
CVSS VectorNVD
DescriptionNVD
NextCloud Cookbook is a recipe library app. Prior to commit a46d9855 on the master branch and commit 489bb744 on the main-0.9.x branch, the pull-checks.yml workflow is vulnerable to command injection attacks because of using an untrusted github.head_ref field. The github.head_ref value is an attacker-controlled value. Assigning the value to zzz";echo${IFS}"hello";# can lead to command injection. Since the permission is not restricted, the attacker has a write-access to the repository. This issue is fixed in commit a46d9855 on the master branch and commit 489bb744 on the main-0.9.x branch. There is no risk for the user of the app within the NextCloud server. This only affects the main repository and possible forks of it. Those who have forked the NextCloud Cookbook repository should make sure their forks are on the latest version to prevent code injection attacks and similar.
Threat Intelligence Overview
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
GitHub
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
OS command injection occurs when an application passes unsanitized user input directly into system shell commands.
Affected Products (CPE)NVD
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A too lax check in Nextcloud Talk 6.0.4, 7.0.2 and 8.0.7 allowed a code injection when a not correctly sanitized talk co
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Unauthenticated OS command injection in the Collabora Online Built-in CODE Server Nextcloud app (richdocumentscode) befo
Unauthenticated vector-store tampering in Nextcloud MCP Server before 0.117.2 lets any network attacker who can reach th
Nextcloud Server before 9.0.54 and 10.0.1 & ownCloud Server before 9.1.2, 9.0.6, and 8.2.9 suffer from SMB User Authenti
Nextcloud server is an open source home cloud implementation. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remo
Nextcloud Desktop Client prior to 3.1.3 is vulnerable to resource injection by way of missing validation of URLs, allowi
lib/Controller/ExtractionController.php in the Extract add-on before 1.2.0 for Nextcloud allows Remote Code Execution vi
Authorization bypass in Windmill 1.56.0-1.614.0 enables Operator role users to escalate privileges to remote code execut
Insufficient protection of the server-side encryption keys in Nextcloud Server 19.0.1 allowed an attacker to replace the
Improper access control in Groupfolders app 4.0.3 allowed to delete hidden directories when when renaming an accessible
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