What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-0777?

CVE-2023-0777 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8 (Critical). CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. EPSS exploitation probability: 15.1%.

Is there a public PoC exploit available for CVE-2023-0777?

Yes, a public proof-of-concept exploit is available for CVE-2023-0777. Prioritise patching immediately. EPSS: 15.1%.

Is there a patch available for CVE-2023-0777?

Yes, a patch is available for CVE-2023-0777. Update the affected software to the latest version immediately.

Modoboa CVE-2023-0777

CRITICAL

Authentication Bypass by Primary Weakness (CWE-305)

2023-02-10 security@huntr.dev

Authentication Bypass Modoboa

9.8

CVSS 3.1 · NVD

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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness	CWE CWE-305 OWASP Top 10:2025 A07:2025 - Authentication Failures ASVS 5.0 V6 - Authentication Primary weakness mitigation
Impact	CVSS score of 9.8 (CRITICAL). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction not required. Public proof-of-concept exploit code is available.
Exploit ScenarioDerived	This vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network. Successful exploitation could compromise the critical-severity affected system.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Why: CRITICAL severity + public POC available.

Patch available 15.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAI

Authentication Bypass by Primary Weakness in GitHub repository modoboa/modoboa prior to 2.0.4. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.

RemediationAI

A vendor patch is available. Apply the latest security update as soon as possible. Apply vendor patches when available. Implement network segmentation and monitoring as interim mitigations.

Affected Packages

pypi modoboa fix: 2.0.4

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in pypi

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-305. Authentication Bypass by Primary Weakness in GitHub repository modoboa/modoboa prior to 2.0.4. Affected products include: Modoboa. Version information: prior to 2.0.4..

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Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 9.8 CRITICAL

AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

None

User Interaction

None

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

High

Availability

High

DescriptionNVD

Authentication Bypass by Primary Weakness in GitHub repository modoboa/modoboa prior to 2.0.4.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score

15.1%

Top 4% exploitable

Exploit

POC

Public exploit code exists

Data Quality

4 sources

Confidence: Medium

NVD

CVE.org

EPSS POC (1)

Exploit-DB

GitHub

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity CRITICAL

CISA KEV No

Public POC Yes

EPSS 15.1%

Patch available Yes

Active threat Yes

Deciding rule

CRITICAL severity + public POC available

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived

Scheduled

Exploitation· derived

Poc

System Exposure· derived

Open

Automatable· derived

Yes

Human Impact· derived

Medium

Priority Score

Low Medium High Critical

KEV: 0

EPSS: +15

CVSS: +49

PoC: +20

Weaponized: 0

Threat intel: 0

Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication Bypass CRITICAL

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

Affected Products (CPE)NVD

cpe:2.3:a:modoboa:modoboa:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

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CVE-2023-2227 CRITICAL Act Now POC

9.1 Apr 21

Improper Authorization in GitHub repository modoboa/modoboa prior to 2.1.0. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.1), this vul

CVE-2023-5690 HIGH This Week POC

8.8 Oct 20

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) in GitHub repository modoboa/modoboa prior to 2.2.2. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), t

CVE-2023-0860 HIGH This Week POC

7.5 Feb 16

Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts in GitHub repository modoboa/modoboa-installer prior to 2.0.4.

CVE-2019-19702 HIGH This Week POC

7.5 Dec 10

The modoboa-dmarc plugin 1.1.0 for Modoboa is vulnerable to an XML External Entity Injection (XXE) attack when processin

CVE-2023-2228 MEDIUM This Month POC

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Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) in GitHub repository modoboa/modoboa prior to 2.1.0. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8),

CVE-2023-0438 MEDIUM This Month POC

6.5 Jan 23

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) in GitHub repository modoboa/modoboa prior to 2.0.4. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5),

CVE-2023-0398 MEDIUM This Month POC

6.5 Jan 19

Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) in GitHub repository modoboa/modoboa prior to 2.0.4. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5),

CVE-2023-5689 MEDIUM This Month POC

5.4 Oct 20

Cross-site Scripting (XSS) - DOM in GitHub repository modoboa/modoboa prior to 2.2.2. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4),

CVE-2023-5688 MEDIUM This Month POC

5.4 Oct 20

Cross-site Scripting (XSS) - DOM in GitHub repository modoboa/modoboa prior to 2.2.2. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4),

CVE-2023-0519 MEDIUM This Month POC

5.4 Jan 26

Cross-site Scripting (XSS) - Stored in GitHub repository modoboa/modoboa prior to 2.0.4. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4

CVE-2023-0470 MEDIUM This Month POC

5.4 Jan 26

Cross-site Scripting (XSS) - Stored in GitHub repository modoboa/modoboa prior to 2.0.4. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4

Same weakness CWE-305 – Authentication Bypass by Primary Weakness

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CVE-2025-31161 CRITICAL POC

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CVE-2023-34124 CRITICAL POC

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CVE-2023-1307 CRITICAL POC

9.8

CVE-2022-2651 CRITICAL POC

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CVE-2026-25555 CRITICAL POC

9.3

CVE-2026-30849 CRITICAL POC

9.3

Same technique Authentication Bypass

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CVE-2015-3306 CRITICAL POC

10.0

CVE-2023-22515 CRITICAL POC

9.8

CVE-2012-4681 CRITICAL POC

9.8

CVE-2013-2465 CRITICAL POC

9.8

CVE-2011-3544 CRITICAL POC

9.8

CVE-2022-40684 CRITICAL POC

9.8

CVE-2025-61882 CRITICAL POC

9.8

CVE-2024-0012 CRITICAL POC

9.3

References

Advisories & patches

PATCH https://github.com/modoboa/modoboa/commit/47d17ac6643f870719691073956a26e4be0a4806 REF http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/171744/modoboa-2.0.4-Admin-Takeover.html

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