What is the CVSS score of CVE-2022-30525?

CVE-2022-30525 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8 (Critical). CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. EPSS exploitation probability: 99.9%.

Is there a public PoC exploit available for CVE-2022-30525?

Yes, a public proof-of-concept exploit is available for CVE-2022-30525. Prioritise patching immediately. EPSS: 99.9%.

Usg Flex 200 Firmware CVE-2022-30525

CRITICAL

OS Command Injection (CWE-78)

2022-05-12 security@zyxel.com.tw

Command Injection Zyxel Atp200 Firmware Atp500 Firmware Atp800 Firmware Usg20W Vpn Firmware Vpn50 Firmware Vpn100 Firmware Vpn300 Firmware Atp100 Firmware Vpn1000 Firmware Atp100W Firmware Atp700 Firmware Usg Flex 100W Firmware Usg Flex 200 Firmware Usg Flex 500 Firmware Usg Flex 700 Firmware Usg Flex 50W Firmware

9.8

CVSS 3.1 · NVD

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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness	CWE CWE-78 OWASP Top 10:2025 A05:2025 - Injection ASVS 5.0 V1 - Encoding and Sanitization OS command sanitization, avoid shell exec MITRE ATT&CK 2 techniques across 1 tactic: Execution The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. Sign in to read
Impact	CVSS score of 9.8 (CRITICAL). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction not required. Public proof-of-concept exploit code is available.
Exploit ScenarioDerived	A remote attacker could execute arbitrary operating system commands on the host by sending crafted requests to the affected application. No authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability.

Emergency Immediate action required. Why: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited), no patch available.

Exploited in the wild (CISA KEV) No patch listed yet 99.9% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAI

A OS command injection vulnerability in the CGI program of Zyxel USG FLEX 100(W) firmware versions 5.00 through 5.21 Patch 1, USG FLEX 200 firmware versions 5.00 through 5.21 Patch 1, USG FLEX 500. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Avoid passing user input to shell commands. Use language-specific APIs instead of shell execution. Apply strict input validation with allowlists.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified as OS Command Injection (CWE-78), which allows attackers to execute arbitrary operating system commands on the host. A OS command injection vulnerability in the CGI program of Zyxel USG FLEX 100(W) firmware versions 5.00 through 5.21 Patch 1, USG FLEX 200 firmware versions 5.00 through 5.21 Patch 1, USG FLEX 500 firmware versions 5.00 through 5.21 Patch 1, USG FLEX 700 firmware versions 5.00 through 5.21 Patch 1, USG FLEX 50(W) firmware versions 5.10 through 5.21 Patch 1, USG20(W)-VPN firmware versions 5.10 through 5.21 Patch 1, ATP series firmware versions 5.10 through 5.21 Patch 1, VPN series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.21 Patch 1, which could allow an attacker to modify specific files and then execute some OS commands on a vulnerable device. Affected products include: Zyxel Usg Flex 100W Firmware, Zyxel Usg Flex 200 Firmware, Zyxel Usg Flex 500 Firmware, Zyxel Usg Flex 700 Firmware, Zyxel Vpn100 Firmware. Version information: through 5.21.

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Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 9.8 CRITICAL

AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

None

User Interaction

None

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

High

Availability

High

Lifecycle Timeline

Added to CISA KEV

Jul 14, 2026 - 04:22 CISA

CVE Published

May 12, 2022 - 14:15 nvd

CRITICAL 9.8

DescriptionNVD

A OS command injection vulnerability in the CGI program of Zyxel USG FLEX 100(W) firmware versions 5.00 through 5.21 Patch 1, USG FLEX 200 firmware versions 5.00 through 5.21 Patch 1, USG FLEX 500 firmware versions 5.00 through 5.21 Patch 1, USG FLEX 700 firmware versions 5.00 through 5.21 Patch 1, USG FLEX 50(W) firmware versions 5.10 through 5.21 Patch 1, USG20(W)-VPN firmware versions 5.10 through 5.21 Patch 1, ATP series firmware versions 5.10 through 5.21 Patch 1, VPN series firmware versions 4.60 through 5.21 Patch 1, which could allow an attacker to modify specific files and then execute some OS commands on a vulnerable device.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score

99.9%

Top 0% exploitable

Exploit

POC

Public exploit code exists

Data Quality

4 sources

Confidence: Medium

NVD

CVE.org

CISA KEV

EPSS POC (2)

Exploit-DB

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity CRITICAL

CISA KEV Yes

Public POC Yes

EPSS 99.9%

Patch available No

Active threat Yes

Deciding rule

CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited), no patch available

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived

Immediate

Exploitation· derived

Active

System Exposure· derived

Open

Automatable· derived

Yes

Human Impact· derived

High

Priority Score

234

Low Medium High Critical

KEV: +50

EPSS: +100

CVSS: +49

PoC: +20

Weaponized: +15

Threat intel: 0

Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

OS Command Injection CRITICAL

OS command injection occurs when an application passes unsanitized user input directly into system shell commands.

Affected Products (CPE)NVD

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:usg_flex_100w_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:usg_flex_200_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:usg_flex_500_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:usg_flex_700_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vpn100_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vpn1000_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vpn300_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:vpn50_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:atp100_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:atp100w_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:atp200_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:atp500_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:atp700_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:atp800_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:usg_flex_50w_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:usg20w-vpn_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

More in Usg Flex 200 Firmware

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CVE-2023-28771 CRITICAL Emergency POC

9.8 Apr 25

Improper error message handling in Zyxel ZyWALL/USG series firmware versions 4.60 through 4.73, VPN series firmware vers

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8.8 Jul 17

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A buffer overflow vulnerability in the ID processing function in Zyxel ATP series firmware versions 4.32 through 5.36 Pa

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A command injection vulnerability in the Free Time WiFi hotspot feature of the Zyxel USG FLEX series firmware versions 4

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A format string vulnerability in the Zyxel ATP series firmware versions 5.10 through 5.36 Patch 2, USG FLEX series firmw

CVE-2023-28767 HIGH This Week

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The configuration parser fails to sanitize user-controlled input in the Zyxel ATP series firmware versions 5.10 through

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The post-authentication command injection vulnerability in the CLI command of Zyxel ATP series firmware versions 4.32 th

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The configuration parser of Zyxel ATP series firmware versions 5.10 through 5.35, USG FLEX series firmware versions 5.00

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References

Advisories & patches

ADVISORY https://www.zyxel.com/support/Zyxel-security-advisory-for-OS-command-injection-vulnerability-of-firewalls.shtml REF http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/167176/Zyxel-Remote-Command-Execution.html REF https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2022-30525

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