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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V3 - Web Frontend Security Anti-CSRF tokens, SameSite cookies
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Initial Access

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Impact

CVSS score of 5.3 (MEDIUM). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction not required. Public proof-of-concept exploit code is available.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A remote attacker could trick authenticated users into performing unintended actions by sending crafted requests to the affected application. No authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 2.4% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAI

Spring Framework, versions 5.2.x prior to 5.2.3 are vulnerable to CSRF attacks through CORS preflight requests that target Spring MVC (spring-webmvc module) or Spring WebFlux (spring-webflux module). Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.

RemediationAI

A vendor patch is available. Apply the latest security update as soon as possible. Implement anti-CSRF tokens, validate Origin/Referer headers, use SameSite cookie attribute.

Affected Packages

maven org.springframework:spring-webflux fix: 5.2.3
maven org.springframework:spring-webmvc fix: 5.2.3

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 2 packages in maven

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified as Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) (CWE-352), which allows attackers to trick authenticated users into performing unintended actions. Spring Framework, versions 5.2.x prior to 5.2.3 are vulnerable to CSRF attacks through CORS preflight requests that target Spring MVC (spring-webmvc module) or Spring WebFlux (spring-webflux module) endpoints. Only non-authenticated endpoints are vulnerable because preflight requests should not include credentials and therefore requests should fail authentication. However a notable exception to this are Chrome based browsers when using client certificates for authentication since Chrome sends TLS client certificates in CORS preflight requests in violation of spec requirements. No HTTP body can be sent or received as a result of this attack. Affected products include: Vmware Spring Framework, Oracle Application Testing Suite, Oracle Communications Brm - Elastic Charging Engine, Oracle Communications Diameter Signaling Router, Oracle Communications Element Manager. Version information: prior to 5.2.3.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 5.3 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
Low
Availability
None

DescriptionNVD

Spring Framework, versions 5.2.x prior to 5.2.3 are vulnerable to CSRF attacks through CORS preflight requests that target Spring MVC (spring-webmvc module) or Spring WebFlux (spring-webflux module) endpoints. Only non-authenticated endpoints are vulnerable because preflight requests should not include credentials and therefore requests should fail authentication. However a notable exception to this are Chrome based browsers when using client certificates for authentication since Chrome sends TLS client certificates in CORS preflight requests in violation of spec requirements. No HTTP body can be sent or received as a result of this attack.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
2.4%
Top 18% exploitable
Exploit
POC
Public exploit code exists
Data Quality
2 sources
Confidence: Low

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC Yes
EPSS 2.4%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
Poc
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
Yes
Human Impact· derived
Medium

Priority Score

48
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: +2
CVSS: +26
PoC: +20
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Cross-Site Request Forgery exploits the automatic credential inclusion behavior of web browsers.

Affected Products (CPE)NVD

cpe:2.3:a:vmware:spring_framework:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:oracle:application_testing_suite:13.3.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_brm_-_elastic_charging_engine:11.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_brm_-_elastic_charging_engine:12.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_diameter_signaling_router:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_element_manager:8.1.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_element_manager:8.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_element_manager:8.2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_policy_management:12.5.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_session_route_manager:8.1.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_session_route_manager:8.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_session_route_manager:8.2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:oracle:enterprise_manager_base_platform:13.2.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:oracle:financial_services_regulatory_reporting_with_agilereporter:8.0.9.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:oracle:flexcube_private_banking:12.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:oracle:flexcube_private_banking:12.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:oracle:healthcare_master_person_index:4.0.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:oracle:insurance_calculation_engine:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:oracle:insurance_policy_administration_j2ee:10.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:oracle:insurance_policy_administration_j2ee:10.2.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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