Information Disclosure
Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.
How It Works
Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security. This happens through multiple channels: verbose error messages that display stack traces revealing internal paths and frameworks, improperly secured debug endpoints left active in production, and misconfigured servers that expose directory listings or version control artifacts like .git folders. APIs often leak excessive data in responses—returning full user objects when only a name is needed, or revealing system internals through metadata fields.
Attackers exploit these exposures systematically. They probe for common sensitive files (.env, config.php, backup archives), trigger error conditions to extract framework details, and analyze response timing or content differences to enumerate valid usernames or resources. Even subtle variations—like "invalid password" versus "user not found"—enable account enumeration. Exposed configuration files frequently contain database credentials, API keys, or internal service URLs that unlock further attack vectors.
The attack flow typically starts with passive reconnaissance: examining HTTP headers, JavaScript bundles, and public endpoints for version information and architecture clues. Active probing follows—testing predictable paths, manipulating parameters to trigger exceptions, and comparing responses across similar requests to identify information leakage patterns.
Impact
- Credential compromise: Exposed configuration files, hardcoded secrets in source code, or API keys enable direct authentication bypass
- Attack surface mapping: Stack traces, framework versions, and internal paths help attackers craft targeted exploits for known vulnerabilities
- Data breach: Direct exposure of user data, payment information, or proprietary business logic through oversharing APIs or accessible backups
- Privilege escalation pathway: Internal URLs, service discovery information, and architecture details facilitate lateral movement and SSRF attacks
- Compliance violations: GDPR, PCI-DSS, and HIPAA penalties for exposing regulated data through preventable disclosures
Real-World Examples
A major Git repository exposure affected thousands of websites when .git folders remained accessible on production servers, allowing attackers to reconstruct entire source code histories including deleted commits containing credentials. Tools like GitDumper automated mass exploitation of this misconfiguration.
Cloud storage misconfigurations have repeatedly exposed sensitive data when companies left S3 buckets or Azure Blob containers publicly readable. One incident exposed 150 million voter records because verbose API error messages revealed the storage URL structure, and no authentication was required.
Framework debug modes left enabled in production have caused numerous breaches. Django's DEBUG=True setting exposed complete stack traces with database queries and environment variables, while Laravel's debug pages revealed encryption keys through the APP_KEY variable in environment dumps.
Mitigation
- Generic error pages: Return uniform error messages to users; log detailed exceptions server-side only
- Disable debug modes: Enforce production configurations that suppress stack traces, verbose logging, and debug endpoints through deployment automation
- Access control audits: Restrict or remove development artifacts (
.git, backup files,phpinfo()) and internal endpoints before deployment - Response minimization: API responses should return only necessary fields; implement allowlists rather than blocklists for data exposure
- Security headers: Deploy
X-Content-Type-Options, remove server version banners, and disable directory indexing - Timing consistency: Ensure authentication and validation responses take uniform time regardless of input validity
Recent CVEs (71041)
The RBFCU Mobile (aka com.Vertifi.DeposZip.P314089681) application 3.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Santander Personal Banking (aka com.sovereign.santander) application 2.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The American Express Serve (aka com.serve.mobile) application @7F0901E4 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Woodforest Mobile Banking (aka com.woodforest) application 3.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The ModSim Connected (aka com.concursive.modsim) application 2.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The AMGC (aka com.amec.uae) application 6.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain sensitive information. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The TTNET Muzik (aka com.ttnet.muzik) application 3.2 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain sensitive. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Hogs Fly Crazy (aka com.pedrojayme.hogsflycrazy) application 1.0.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The BGEnergy (aka com.bluegrass.smartapps) application 1.153.0034 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The barcode scanner (aka tw.com.books.android.plus) application 2.3.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The DS audio (aka com.synology.DSaudio) application 3.4 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain sensitive. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Sortir en Alsace (aka com.axessweb.sortirenalsace) application 0.5b for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The HomeAdvisor Mobile (aka com.servicemagic.consumer) application 3.0.3 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Jamal Bates Show (aka com.conduit.app_3a95e13827c54c4da9056fafb33ecc8d.app) application 1.3.14.254 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Forest River Forums (aka com.socialknowledge.forestriverforums) application 3.7.5 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Mootorratturid & biker.ee (aka ee.digitalfruit.mootorratturid) application 1.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The ArtAcces (aka cat.gencat.mobi.artacces) application 1.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Terrarienbilder.com Forum (aka com.tapatalk.terrarienbildercomvb) application 3.8.20 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Trial Tracker (aka com.etcweb.android.trial_tracker) application 1.1.9 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Daum Maps - Subway (aka net.daum.android.map) application 3.9.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Mostafa Shemeas (aka com.mostafa.shemeas.website) application 1.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Car Wallpapers HD (aka com.arab4x4.gallery.app) application 1.3 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The AHRAH (aka com.vet2pet.aid219426) application 219426 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
IBM Maximo Asset Management 7.1 through 7.1.1.13 and 7.5 through 7.5.0.6, Maximo Asset Management 7.5.0 through 7.5.0.3 and 7.5.1 through 7.5.1.2 for SmartCloud Control Desk, and Maximo Asset. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Exposure of Sensitive Information vulnerability could allow attackers to access sensitive data that should not be disclosed.
Unspecified vulnerability on the IBM WebSphere DataPower XC10 appliance 2.5 allows remote attackers to obtain administrative privileges by leveraging access to an eXtreme Scale distributed ObjectGrid. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity.
Unspecified vulnerability in the Administrative Console on the IBM WebSphere DataPower XC10 appliance 2.5 allows remote attackers to obtain administrative privileges by leveraging access to an. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity.
HP System Management Homepage (SMH) before 7.4 allows remote attackers to conduct clickjacking attacks via unspecified vectors. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
The Long (aka com.imop.longjiang.android) application 1.0.4 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The EyeXam (aka com.globaleyeventures.eyexam) application 1.4 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Foxit MobilePDF - PDF Reader (aka com.foxit.mobile.pdf.lite) application 2.2.0.0616 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The LedLine.gr Official (aka com.automon.ledline.gr) application 1.4.0.9 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The New Beginnings CFC (aka com.goodbarber.nbcfc) application 1.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
Cisco WebEx Meetings Server (WMS) 2.5 allows remote attackers to trigger the download of arbitrary files via a crafted URL, aka Bug ID CSCup10343. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The SED Account (aka com.starkville.smartapps) application 1.153.0034 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The DS file (aka com.synology.DSfile) application 4.1.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain sensitive. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Horoscopes and Dreams (aka com.horoscopesanddreams) application 1.0.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Four Seasons Beverly Hills (aka com.intelitycorp.FourSeasons.android.ice) application @7F050007 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The MediaFire (aka com.mediafire.android) application 1.1.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The ABC Song (aka com.tabtale.abcsingalong) application 1.0.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Sweatshop (aka com.orderingapps.sweatshop) application 2.96 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Daily Advertiser Print (aka com.lafayettedailyadv.android.prod) application 6.7 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The RTI INDIA (aka com.vbulletin.build_890) application 3.8.21 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The My Wedding Planner (aka app.wedding) application 1.5 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Alma Corinthiana (aka com.alma.corinthiana) application 1.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Groupama toujours la (aka com.groupama.toujoursla) application 1.3.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Hillside (aka com.hillside.hermanus) application 1.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
Geary before 0.6.3 does not present the user with a warning when a TLS certificate error is detected, which makes it easier for remote attackers to conduct man-in-the-middle attacks via a crafted. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable.
AccessControl/AuthEncoding.py in Zope before 2.13.19, as used in Plone before 4.2.3 and 4.3 before beta 1, allows remote attackers to obtain passwords via vectors involving timing discrepancies in. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable.
atat.py in Plone before 4.2.3 and 4.3 before beta 1 allows remote attackers to read private data structures via a request for a view without a name. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Exposure of Sensitive Information vulnerability could allow attackers to access sensitive data that should not be disclosed.
ftp.py in Plone before 4.2.3 and 4.3 before beta 1 allows remote attackers to read hidden folder contents via unspecified vectors. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity.
membership_tool.py in Plone before 4.2.3 and 4.3 before beta 1 allows remote attackers to enumerate user account names via a crafted URL. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Exposure of Sensitive Information vulnerability could allow attackers to access sensitive data that should not be disclosed.
uid_catalog.py in Plone before 4.2.3 and 4.3 before beta 1 allows remote attackers to obtain metadata about hidden objects via a crafted URL. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Exposure of Sensitive Information vulnerability could allow attackers to access sensitive data that should not be disclosed.
z3c.form, as used in Plone before 4.2.3 and 4.3 before beta 1, allows remote attackers to obtain the default form field values by leveraging knowledge of the form location and the element id. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. This Exposure of Sensitive Information vulnerability could allow attackers to access sensitive data that should not be disclosed.
The DS photo+ (aka com.synology.dsphoto) application 3.3 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Herbal Guide (aka com.pocket.herbal.guide) application 1.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Instaroid - Instagram Viewer (aka net.muik.instaroid) application 1.2.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The AuctionTrac Dealer (aka com.adesa.dealer.phone) application 2.0.3 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Bersa Forum (aka com.gcspublishing.bersaforum) application 3.9.16 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Hippo Studio (aka com.appgreen.hippostudio) application 1.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Covet Fashion - Shopping Game (aka com.crowdstar.covetfashion) application 2.14.40 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Hook (aka com.hook.android) application 0.9.3 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain sensitive. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Gulf Credit Union (aka Fi_Mobile.Gulf) application 1.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The DK ONLINE Beta (aka com.sgmobile.dkonline) application 1.0.2 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Tic-Tac To The MAX FREE (aka com.tothemax) application 1.2 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Teatro Franco Parenti (aka com.mintlab.mx.teatroparenti) application 1.4.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The kamkomesan (aka com.anek.kamkomesan) application 1.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The kuailecaidengmi (aka com.licai.kuailecaidengmi) application 1.7.12.15 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Nerdico (aka com.nerdico.danielepais) application 1.9 Stable for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The voetbal (aka nl.jborsje.android.voetbal.az) application 4.7.2 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Amebra Ameba (aka jp.honeytrap15.amebra) application 1.0.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Lapp Group Catalogue (aka com.prinovis.LappKabel) application 1.4 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The OHBM 20th Annual Meeting (aka com.coreapps.android.followme.ohbm2014) application 6.0.9.2 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Cove (aka org.covechurch.app) application 1.0.2 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain sensitive. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The WISDOM (aka lvtu99.com.nescmxiaoniuniu) application 2.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Vouch!. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Sentinels Randomizer (aka com.mikehipps.sentinelsrandomizer) application 1.1.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The klassens (aka com.mcreda.klassens.apps) application 1.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Aloha Guide (aka com.aloha.guide.english) application 1.5 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The RIMS 2014 Annual Conference (aka com.coreapps.android.followme.rims2014) application 6.0.7.4 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Active 24 (aka com.zentity.app.active24) application 1.0.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The OLA School (aka com.conduit.app_00f9890a4f0145f2aae9d714e20b273a.app) application 1.2.7.132 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Thanodi - Setswana Translator (aka com.thanodi.thanodi) application 1.0.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The weibo (aka magic.weibo) application 1.2 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain sensitive information. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The urlopen function in pym/portage/util/_urlopen.py in Gentoo Portage 2.1.12, when using HTTPS, does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available.
Apache Axis2/C does not verify that the server hostname matches a domain name in the subject's Common Name (CN) or subjectAltName field of the X.509 certificate, which allows man-in-the-middle. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
The Sleuth Kit (TSK) 4.0.1 does not properly handle "." (dotfile) file system entries in FAT file systems and other file systems for which . Rated low severity (CVSS 2.1), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The Juniper Junos Pulse Secure Access Service (SSL VPN) devices with IVE OS 8.0 before 8.0r1, 7.4 before 7.4r5, and 7.1 before 7.1r18 allows remote attackers to conduct clickjacking attacks via. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
The Deschutes Public MobileLibrary (aka com.bredir.boopsie.deschutes) application 4.5.110 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Bank of Moscow EIRTS Rent (aka ru.bm.rbs.android) application 1.0.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The First Assembly NLR (aka com.subsplash.thechurchapp.firstassemblynlr) application 2.8.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.