Information Disclosure
Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.
How It Works
Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security. This happens through multiple channels: verbose error messages that display stack traces revealing internal paths and frameworks, improperly secured debug endpoints left active in production, and misconfigured servers that expose directory listings or version control artifacts like .git folders. APIs often leak excessive data in responses—returning full user objects when only a name is needed, or revealing system internals through metadata fields.
Attackers exploit these exposures systematically. They probe for common sensitive files (.env, config.php, backup archives), trigger error conditions to extract framework details, and analyze response timing or content differences to enumerate valid usernames or resources. Even subtle variations—like "invalid password" versus "user not found"—enable account enumeration. Exposed configuration files frequently contain database credentials, API keys, or internal service URLs that unlock further attack vectors.
The attack flow typically starts with passive reconnaissance: examining HTTP headers, JavaScript bundles, and public endpoints for version information and architecture clues. Active probing follows—testing predictable paths, manipulating parameters to trigger exceptions, and comparing responses across similar requests to identify information leakage patterns.
Impact
- Credential compromise: Exposed configuration files, hardcoded secrets in source code, or API keys enable direct authentication bypass
- Attack surface mapping: Stack traces, framework versions, and internal paths help attackers craft targeted exploits for known vulnerabilities
- Data breach: Direct exposure of user data, payment information, or proprietary business logic through oversharing APIs or accessible backups
- Privilege escalation pathway: Internal URLs, service discovery information, and architecture details facilitate lateral movement and SSRF attacks
- Compliance violations: GDPR, PCI-DSS, and HIPAA penalties for exposing regulated data through preventable disclosures
Real-World Examples
A major Git repository exposure affected thousands of websites when .git folders remained accessible on production servers, allowing attackers to reconstruct entire source code histories including deleted commits containing credentials. Tools like GitDumper automated mass exploitation of this misconfiguration.
Cloud storage misconfigurations have repeatedly exposed sensitive data when companies left S3 buckets or Azure Blob containers publicly readable. One incident exposed 150 million voter records because verbose API error messages revealed the storage URL structure, and no authentication was required.
Framework debug modes left enabled in production have caused numerous breaches. Django's DEBUG=True setting exposed complete stack traces with database queries and environment variables, while Laravel's debug pages revealed encryption keys through the APP_KEY variable in environment dumps.
Mitigation
- Generic error pages: Return uniform error messages to users; log detailed exceptions server-side only
- Disable debug modes: Enforce production configurations that suppress stack traces, verbose logging, and debug endpoints through deployment automation
- Access control audits: Restrict or remove development artifacts (
.git, backup files,phpinfo()) and internal endpoints before deployment - Response minimization: API responses should return only necessary fields; implement allowlists rather than blocklists for data exposure
- Security headers: Deploy
X-Content-Type-Options, remove server version banners, and disable directory indexing - Timing consistency: Ensure authentication and validation responses take uniform time regardless of input validity
Recent CVEs (71029)
The Bed and Breakfast (aka com.wbedandbreakfastapp) application 0.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Radio Bethlehem RB2000 (aka com.Abuhadbah.rbl2000v2) application 1.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Maccabi Pakal (aka com.ideomobile.pakalmaccabi) application 1.2 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Anderson Musaamil (aka com.app_andersonmusaamil.layout) application 1.400 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Nova 92.1 FM (aka com.wNova921FM) application 1.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain sensitive. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Cycling Manager Game Cff (aka com.CyclingManagerGame) application 1.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Bowl Expo 2014 (aka com.coreapps.android.followme.bowlexpo14) application 6.1.1.5 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Myanmar Movies HD (aka com.wmyanmarmoviesHD) application 0.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Central East LHIN News (aka com.wCentralEastLHINNews) application 0.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Bail Bonds (aka com.onesolutionapps.chadlewisbailbondsandroid) application 1.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Top Hangover Cures (aka com.TopHangoverCures) application 1.2 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Graffit It (aka com.presenttechnologies.graffitit) application 1.1.2 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The A Very Short History of Japan (aka com.ireadercity.c51) application 3.0.2 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Help For Doc (aka com.childrens.physician.relations) application 1.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Hector Leal (aka ad.hector.leal.com) application 13/08/14 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Realtime Music Rank (aka com.blogspot.imapp.immusicrank2) application 5.5 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The AppTalk (aka com.chatatami.apptalk) application 1.4.8 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Escucha elDiario.es (aka es.lacabradev.escuchaeldiario) application 1.2.3 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Translation Widget (aka com.wTranslationGadget) application 0.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Sword (aka com.ireadercity.c25) application 3.0.2 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain sensitive. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Space Cinema (aka it.thespacecinema.android) application 2.0.6 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Portfolium (aka com.wPortfolium) application 0.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain sensitive. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The LogosQuest - Beginnings (aka com.wLogosQuest) application 1.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Kontan Kiosk (aka com.appsfoundry.scoopwl.id.kontankiosk) application @7F07025E for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The 100 Books (aka com.ireadercity.c20) application 3.0.2 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Secretos de belleza (aka com.rareartifact.secretosdebelleza83A55CB8) application 1.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Short Stories (aka com.ireadercity.c48) application 3.0.2 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Menaka - Marathi (aka com.magzter.menakamarathi) application 3.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Vineyard All In (aka com.wVineyardAllIn) application 0.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The ADT Aesthetic Dentistry Today (aka com.magazinecloner.aestheticdentistry) application @7F080181 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Mitsubishi Road Assist (aka com.agero.mitsubishi) application 1.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Not Lost Just Somewhere Else (aka it.tinytap.attsa.notlost) application 1.6.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Coca-Cola FM Guatemala (aka com.enyetech.radio.coca_cola.fm_gu) application 2.0.41725 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Desire2Learn FUSION 2014 (aka com.desire2learn.fusion2012) application 4.0.729.1748 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The ETG Hosting (aka com.etg.web.hosting) application 2.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The nashaplaneta.su (aka com.wNashaPlaneta) application 1.02 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Healthy Lunch Diet Recipes (aka com.best.lunchdietrecipes) application 3.6.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Ionic View (aka com.ionic.viewapp) application 0.0.2 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The CSApp - Colegio San Agustin (aka com.goodbarber.csapp) application 1.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The international-arbitration-attorney.com (aka com.w0f1d79a1010d819acbee876007d0bebc) application 0.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The I Know the Movie (aka com.guilardi.jesaislefilm2) application jesais_film_android_1.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Best Beginning (aka com.bbbeta) application 2.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain sensitive. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The AG Klettern Odenwald (aka de.appack.project.agko) application 1.2 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The HoneyBee Mag (aka com.magzter.honeybeemag) application 3.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Live TV Browser (aka com.wHDSmartBrowser) application 2.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The PC Advisor (aka com.triactivemedia.pcadvisor) application @7F08017A for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Magic Stamp (aka vn.avagame.apotatem) application 2.8 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The IM5 Fans Planet (aka uk.co.pixelkicks.im5) application 2.3.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Fashion Story: Neon 90's (aka com.teamlava.fashionstory39) application 1.5.6.5 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The A King Sperm by Dr. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Slots Heaven:FREE Slot Machine (aka com.twelvegigs.heaven.slots) application 1.123 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Press-Leader (aka com.soln.S95309F65AD59F99CFC2C710A517B0B7E) application 1.0011.b0011 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The BloomYou Valentine (aka com.bloomyouteam.bloomyou.valentine) application 2.4 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Electronics For You (aka com.magzter.electronicsforyou) application 3.02 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Digit Magazine (aka com.magzter.digitmagazine) application 3.01 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Zoella Unofficial (aka com.automon.ay.zoella) application 1.4.0.5 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Detox Juicing Diet Recipes (aka com.wDetoxJuicingDietRecipes) application 1.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Shaklee Product Catalog (aka com.wProductCatalog) application 2.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The allnurses (aka com.tapatalk.allnursescom) application 3.4.10 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The My NGEMC Account (aka com.ngemc.smartapps) application 1.153.0034 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The DealSide Institutional (aka com.magzter.dealsideinstitutional) application 3.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Dattch - The Lesbian App (aka com.dattch.dattch.app) application 0.30 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Bilingual Magic Ball (aka com.wBilingualMagicBall) application 0.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The LEGEND OF TRANCE (aka com.legendoftrance) application 1.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Baidu Navigation (aka com.baidu.navi) application 3.5.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Face Fun Photo Collage Maker 2 (aka com.kauf.facefunphotocollagemaker2) application 1.3.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Pakan Ken Tube (aka com.PakanKen) application 0.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain sensitive. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The bene+ odmeny a slevy (aka cz.gemoney.bene.android) application 1.2.3 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Love Horoscope Guide (aka com.charl.charlylovehoroscopes) application 1.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The SOS recette (aka com.sos.recette) application 1.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain sensitive. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The AJD Bail Bonds (aka com.onesolutionapps.ajdbailbondsandroid) application 1.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The RTSinfo (aka ch.rts.rtsinfo) application 1.4.8 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain sensitive. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Student ID (aka com.computas.studentbevis) application 1.2 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The CalculatorApp (aka com.intuit.alm.testandroidapp) application 4.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Breeze Jersey (aka com.sc.breezeje.banking) application 1.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Flood-It (aka com.appspot.eoltek.flood) application 4.2 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The 7725.com Three Kingdoms (aka com.platform7725.youai.jiejian) application 2.4 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Hunting Trophy Whitetails (aka com.wHuntingTrophyWhitetails) application 0.75.13441.88885 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Doodle Devil Free (aka com.joybits.doodledevil_free) application 2.1.4 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Quran Abu Bakr AshShatiri Free (aka com.wQuranAbuBakrFREE) application 1.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Youth Incorporated (aka com.magzter.youthincorporated) application 3.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The HEA Mobile (aka com.homerelectric.smartapps) application 1.153.0034 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Revel in the Rideau Lakes (aka com.mytoursapp.android.app326) application 1.0.6 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Just Bureaucracy (aka com.magzter.justbureaucracy) application 3.0.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The PokeCreator Lite (aka com.pokecreator.builderlite) application 1.1 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The BBC Knowledge Magazine (aka com.magzter.bbcknowledge) application 3.01 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Real Academia de Bellas Artes (aka com.adianteventures.adianteapps.real_academia_de_bellas_artes) application 1.0 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Craft Stamper Magazine (aka com.triactivemedia.craftstamper) application @7F080183 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The Asylum!. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.
The CLEO Malaysia (aka com.magzter.cleomalaysia) application 3.01 for Android does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4). No vendor patch available.