Information Disclosure
Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.
How It Works
Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security. This happens through multiple channels: verbose error messages that display stack traces revealing internal paths and frameworks, improperly secured debug endpoints left active in production, and misconfigured servers that expose directory listings or version control artifacts like .git folders. APIs often leak excessive data in responses—returning full user objects when only a name is needed, or revealing system internals through metadata fields.
Attackers exploit these exposures systematically. They probe for common sensitive files (.env, config.php, backup archives), trigger error conditions to extract framework details, and analyze response timing or content differences to enumerate valid usernames or resources. Even subtle variations—like "invalid password" versus "user not found"—enable account enumeration. Exposed configuration files frequently contain database credentials, API keys, or internal service URLs that unlock further attack vectors.
The attack flow typically starts with passive reconnaissance: examining HTTP headers, JavaScript bundles, and public endpoints for version information and architecture clues. Active probing follows—testing predictable paths, manipulating parameters to trigger exceptions, and comparing responses across similar requests to identify information leakage patterns.
Impact
- Credential compromise: Exposed configuration files, hardcoded secrets in source code, or API keys enable direct authentication bypass
- Attack surface mapping: Stack traces, framework versions, and internal paths help attackers craft targeted exploits for known vulnerabilities
- Data breach: Direct exposure of user data, payment information, or proprietary business logic through oversharing APIs or accessible backups
- Privilege escalation pathway: Internal URLs, service discovery information, and architecture details facilitate lateral movement and SSRF attacks
- Compliance violations: GDPR, PCI-DSS, and HIPAA penalties for exposing regulated data through preventable disclosures
Real-World Examples
A major Git repository exposure affected thousands of websites when .git folders remained accessible on production servers, allowing attackers to reconstruct entire source code histories including deleted commits containing credentials. Tools like GitDumper automated mass exploitation of this misconfiguration.
Cloud storage misconfigurations have repeatedly exposed sensitive data when companies left S3 buckets or Azure Blob containers publicly readable. One incident exposed 150 million voter records because verbose API error messages revealed the storage URL structure, and no authentication was required.
Framework debug modes left enabled in production have caused numerous breaches. Django's DEBUG=True setting exposed complete stack traces with database queries and environment variables, while Laravel's debug pages revealed encryption keys through the APP_KEY variable in environment dumps.
Mitigation
- Generic error pages: Return uniform error messages to users; log detailed exceptions server-side only
- Disable debug modes: Enforce production configurations that suppress stack traces, verbose logging, and debug endpoints through deployment automation
- Access control audits: Restrict or remove development artifacts (
.git, backup files,phpinfo()) and internal endpoints before deployment - Response minimization: API responses should return only necessary fields; implement allowlists rather than blocklists for data exposure
- Security headers: Deploy
X-Content-Type-Options, remove server version banners, and disable directory indexing - Timing consistency: Ensure authentication and validation responses take uniform time regardless of input validity
Recent CVEs (74795)
A vulnerability has been found in Coinomi up to 1.7.6. Rated low severity (CVSS 2.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. No vendor patch available.
The vulnerability allows any application installed on the device to read SMS/MMS data and metadata from the system-provided Telephony provider without permission, user interaction, or consent. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.2), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
No password for the root user is set in Novakon P series. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.6), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
An information disclosure vulnerability exists in multiple WSO2 products due to improper implementation of the enrich mediator. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Tell memcg to use allow_spinning=false path in bpf_timer_init() Currently, calling bpf_map_kmalloc_node() from. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ocfs2: fix recursive semaphore deadlock in fiemap call syzbot detected a OCFS2 hang due to a recursive semaphore on a FS_IOC_FIEMAP. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: fix subvolume deletion lockup caused by inodes xarray race There is a race condition between inode eviction and inode. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.7).
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm/memory-failure: fix VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(PagePoisoned(page)) when unpoison memory When I did memory failure tests, below panic occurs:. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.1), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability could allow attackers to read data from memory outside the intended buffer boundaries.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/mediatek: fix potential OF node use-after-free The for_each_child_of_node() helper drops the reference it takes to each node as. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This Use After Free vulnerability could allow attackers to access freed memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: kernfs: Fix UAF in polling when open file is released A use-after-free (UAF) vulnerability was identified in the PSI (Pressure. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This Use After Free vulnerability could allow attackers to access freed memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: libceph: fix invalid accesses to ceph_connection_v1_info There is a place where generic code in messenger.c is reading and another. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm/damon/sysfs: fix use-after-free in state_show() state_show() reads kdamond->damon_ctx without holding damon_sysfs_lock. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This Use After Free vulnerability could allow attackers to access freed memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: macsec: sync features on RTM_NEWLINK Syzkaller managed to lock the lower device via ETHTOOL_SFEATURES: netdev_lock. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: can: xilinx_can: xcan_write_frame(): fix use-after-free of transmitted SKB can_put_echo_skb() takes ownership of the SKB and it may. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This Use After Free vulnerability could allow attackers to access freed memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: hsr: hold rcu and dev lock for hsr_get_port_ndev hsr_get_port_ndev calls hsr_for_each_port, which need to hold rcu lock. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dmaengine: idxd: Fix double free in idxd_setup_wqs() The clean up in idxd_setup_wqs() has had a couple bugs because the error. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dmaengine: ti: edma: Fix memory allocation size for queue_priority_map Fix a critical memory allocation bug in edma_setup_from_hw(). Rated high severity (CVSS 7.1), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability could allow attackers to read data from memory outside the intended buffer boundaries.
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: erofs: fix runtime warning on truncate_folio_batch_exceptionals() Commit 0e2f80afcfa6("fs/dax: ensure all pages are idle prior to. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity.
Rejected reason: This CVE ID has been rejected or withdrawn by its CVE Numbering Authority. No vendor patch available.
Rejected reason: Not used. No vendor patch available.
Rejected reason: Not used. No vendor patch available.
Rejected reason: Not used. No vendor patch available.
Rejected reason: Not used. No vendor patch available.
Rejected reason: Not used. No vendor patch available.
Rejected reason: Not used. No vendor patch available.
Rejected reason: Not used. No vendor patch available.
Rejected reason: Not used. No vendor patch available.
Rejected reason: Not used. No vendor patch available.
Rejected reason: Not used. No vendor patch available.
Rejected reason: Not used. No vendor patch available.
Rejected reason: Not used. No vendor patch available.
Rejected reason: Not used. No vendor patch available.
A vulnerability has been found in fuyang_lipengjun platform 1.0. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
In Liferay Portal 7.4.0 through 7.4.3.112, and older unsupported versions, and Liferay DXP 2023.Q4.0 through 2023.Q4.8, 2023.Q3.1 through 2023.Q3.10, 7.4 GA through update 92, and older unsupported. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
A flaw has been found in fuyang_lipengjun platform 1.0. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
A vulnerability was detected in fuyang_lipengjun platform 1.0. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
A security vulnerability has been detected in fuyang_lipengjun platform 1.0. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
DNN (formerly DotNetNuke) is an open-source web content management platform (CMS) in the Microsoft ecosystem. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity.
Flowise is a drag & drop user interface to build a customized large language model flow. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.6), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
SCRAM (Salted Challenge Response Authentication Mechanism) is part of the family of Simple Authentication and Security Layer (SASL, RFC 4422) authentication mechanisms. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.6), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in PenciDesign Soledad allows PHP Local File Inclusion.6.8. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
Exposure of Sensitive System Information to an Unauthorized Control Sphere vulnerability in Darren Cooney Ajax Load More allows Retrieve Embedded Sensitive Data.6.0.2. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition') vulnerability in Stylemix MasterStudy LMS allows Leveraging Race Conditions.6.20. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in hashthemes Easy Elementor Addons allows PHP Local File Inclusion.2.8. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability in Essekia Helpie FAQ allows Retrieve Embedded Sensitive Data.39. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability in Risto Niinemets Estonian Shipping Methods for WooCommerce allows Retrieve Embedded Sensitive Data.7.2. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Sent Data vulnerability in Syed Balkhi All In One SEO Pack allows Retrieve Embedded Sensitive Data.8.7. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerability in weDevs WP Project Manager allows Retrieve Embedded Sensitive Data.6.25. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Sent Data vulnerability in jetmonsters Getwid allows Retrieve Embedded Sensitive Data.1.2. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Sent Data vulnerability in Themeum Qubely allows Retrieve Embedded Sensitive Data.8.14. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Sent Data vulnerability in iberezansky 3D FlipBook - PDF Flipbook Viewer, Flipbook Image Gallery allows Retrieve Embedded Sensitive Data.16.16. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Exposure of Sensitive System Information to an Unauthorized Control Sphere vulnerability in Ays Pro Quiz Maker allows Retrieve Embedded Sensitive Data.7.0.61. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Exposure of Sensitive System Information to an Unauthorized Control Sphere vulnerability in NerdPress Social Pug allows Retrieve Embedded Sensitive Data.35.1. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Exposure of Sensitive System Information to an Unauthorized Control Sphere vulnerability in etruel WPeMatico RSS Feed Fetcher allows Retrieve Embedded Sensitive Data.8.10. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in immonex immonex Kickstart Team allows PHP Local File Inclusion.6.9. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
An Insertion of Sensitive Information into Sent Data vulnerability in the Ideal Postcodes UK Address Postcode Validation WordPress plugin exposes the API key, allowing unauthorized third parties to. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Sent Data vulnerability in Coordinadora Mercantil S.A. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Exposure of Sensitive System Information to an Unauthorized Control Sphere vulnerability in Nurul Amin WP System Information allows Retrieve Embedded Sensitive Data.5. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Rejected reason: This CVE ID has been rejected or withdrawn by its CVE Numbering Authority. No vendor patch available.
Rejected reason: This CVE ID has been rejected or withdrawn by its CVE Numbering Authority. No vendor patch available.
Improper Control of Filename for Include/Require Statement in PHP Program ('PHP Remote File Inclusion') vulnerability in Pluginwale Easy Pricing Table WP allows PHP Local File Inclusion.1.3. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
IBM Sterling Connect:Express for Microsoft Windows 3.1.0.0 through 3.1.0.22 uses an inadequate account lockout setting that could allow a remote attacker to brute force account credentials. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. No vendor patch available.
The Blackmagic ATEM Mini Pro 2.7 exposes sensitive device and stream configuration information via an unauthenticated Telnet service on port 9990. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
The Blackmagic Web Presenter HD firmware version 3.3 exposes sensitive information via an unauthenticated Telnet service on port 9977. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
An Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability was discovered in ARD. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Insufficient hardening of the proxyuser account in the AiKaan IoT management platform, combined with the use of a shared, hardcoded SSH private key, allows remote attackers to authenticate to the. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The 2wcom IP-4c 2.15.5 device's web interface includes an information disclosure vulnerability. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Creacast Creabox Manager 4.4.4 exposes sensitive configuration data via a publicly accessible endpoint /get. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
IBM webMethods Integration 10.15 and 11.1 could allow an authenticated user with required execute Services to execute commands on the system due to the improper validation of format string strings. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
Airship AI Acropolis includes a default administrative account that uses the same credentials on every installation. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Airship AI Acropolis allows unlimited MFA attempts for 15 minutes after a user has logged in with valid credentials. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.7), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
Software installed and run as a non-privileged user may conduct improper GPU system calls to trigger use-after-free kernel exceptions. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.1), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
A vulnerability has been found in Smartstore up to 6.2.0. Rated low severity (CVSS 2.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
A vulnerability was detected in LionCoders SalePro POS up to 5.5.0. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. No vendor patch available.
A vulnerability has been found in Harness 3.3.0. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Rejected reason: This CVE ID has been rejected or withdrawn by its CVE Numbering Authority. No vendor patch available.
Starch versions 0.14 and earlier generate session ids insecurely. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.1), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Rejected reason: Not used. No vendor patch available.
Rejected reason: Not used. No vendor patch available.
Rejected reason: Not used. No vendor patch available.
Rejected reason: Not used. No vendor patch available.
Rejected reason: Not used. No vendor patch available.
Rejected reason: Not used. No vendor patch available.
Rejected reason: Not used. No vendor patch available.
Rejected reason: Not used. No vendor patch available.
The Commerce component in Liferay Portal 7.3.0 through 7.4.3.112, and Liferay DXP 2023.Q4.0 through 2023.Q4.8, 2023.Q3.1 through 2023.Q3.10, 7.4 GA through update 92, and 7.3 service pack 3 through. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Vasion Print (formerly PrinterLogic) Virtual Appliance Host and Application (VA and SaaS deployments) mount host configuration and secret material under /var/www/efs_storage into many Docker. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Vasion Print (formerly PrinterLogic) Virtual Appliance Host versions prior to 22.0.1002 and Application versions prior to 20.0.2614 (VA and SaaS deployments) contain multiple Docker containers that. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Vasion Print (formerly PrinterLogic) Virtual Appliance Host and Application (VA and SaaS deployments) run many Docker containers on shared internal networks without firewalling or segmentation. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Vasion Print (formerly PrinterLogic) Virtual Appliance Host versions prior to 22.0.1049 and Application versions prior to 20.0.2786 (VA and SaaS deployments) contain insecure defaults and code. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.