Information Disclosure

Denial-of-service in Siemens Desigo building automation controllers (DXR2, PXC3, PXC4, PXC5.E003, PXC5.E24, PXC7) allows an unauthenticated adjacent-network attacker to permanently halt BACnet communication on the device by sending a single malformed BACnet packet. The device stops responding to all BACnet queries and requires a manual reset or reboot to recover, making this operationally disruptive in building management environments where HVAC, access control, or other OT functions may depend on continuous BACnet availability. No public exploit code has been identified and the vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog at time of analysis.

Cross-user module cache poisoning in n8n's JavaScript task runner allows an authenticated Code-node user to inject malicious logic into a shared module cache, silently altering other users' workflow executions on the same instance and compromising their data confidentiality, workflow integrity, or execution availability. Affects all multi-user n8n deployments on versions before 1.123.67 (1.x), 2.31.5 (2.31.x), and 2.32.1 (2.32.x) where the JS task runner is active and built-in or external module access is enabled. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV; despite the 'RCE' tag applied by the reporting source, the vendor advisory explicitly confirms this is a cross-user isolation break and not a sandbox escape or remote code execution.

Information disclosure in Nuxt's development server exposes the project's absolute filesystem root path and a persistent per-project workspace UUID to unauthenticated LAN-adjacent attackers via the Chrome DevTools workspace endpoint. The prior security fix (GHSA-rq7w-g337-39qq) introduced a local-request gate that trusts the attacker-supplied Host header instead of the actual TCP peer address, meaning a non-browser client such as curl can bypass it by omitting Sec-Fetch-Site, Origin, and Referer headers while forging Host: localhost. Impact is confined to information disclosure; no public exploit has been independently identified at time of analysis, though the official advisory provides a working proof-of-concept curl command. Production builds are entirely unaffected.

Unauthenticated user enumeration in OpenSignLabs OpenSign through 2.37.0 exposes internal user objectIds via the getUserId Parse cloud function, which performs no authentication before resolving and returning identifiers tied to any supplied email address or username. Any remote attacker can silently map organizational email addresses or usernames to their internal Parse database identifiers without triggering authentication. This reconnaissance capability enables targeted follow-on attacks, such as credential stuffing, phishing, or chained exploitation of other endpoints that accept objectIds. No public exploit code has been identified and the vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog at time of analysis.

Authenticated workspace members in Windmill through 1.783.0 can exfiltrate plaintext resource credentials stored in legacy ownerless draft scripts by querying the drafts API endpoint. The ACL enforcement logic fails to restrict access when a draft's owner email field is null, allowing any workspace member - regardless of their actual permissions - to retrieve these drafts and the secrets embedded within them. No public exploit code has been identified and this vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog, but the low exploitation complexity and high confidentiality impact make it a meaningful internal threat wherever legacy drafts containing credentials persist.

Nozomi Networks Arc for Windows installs the Npcap packet capture driver with its access restriction option left at the insecure default, making the driver accessible to all local users rather than administrators only. Any non-privileged local user on an affected host can leverage this misconfiguration to capture network traffic traversing the host's interfaces - exposing data from both the local system and peer hosts on the same network segment - and to inject arbitrary raw packets onto that segment. No public exploit has been identified and the CVSS 4.0 score of 4.8 reflects the local-access prerequisite; however, the dual capability of traffic capture and packet injection is operationally significant in the OT/ICS environments where Arc is primarily deployed, where industrial protocols are often unencrypted.

Availability denial-of-service in Samsung's open-source rlottie animation library (all versions per CPE wildcard) allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to crash or hang any application embedding the library by supplying a specially crafted Lottie animation file. The vulnerability stems from missing input-quantity validation across four distinct code paths - precomposition nesting depth, global render-node budgets, Repeater element copy counts, and polystar/polygon point values - each capable of triggering unbounded recursion or resource exhaustion. No public standalone exploit has been identified at time of analysis; upstream fix code is available as GitHub PR #596, though a formally released patched version has not been independently confirmed.

Cleartext credential exposure in Red Hat insights-core allows SSSD LDAP bind passwords (ldap_default_authtok) and Pacemaker fence device credentials to be included unredacted in diagnostic archives uploaded to console.redhat.com. The redaction layer uses a naive string-match on the literal key name 'password', leaving non-standard credential field names - such as those used by SSSD and Pacemaker - completely unprotected before archive upload. With CVSS PR:L, a threat actor with authenticated access to an organization's Red Hat Insights console can retrieve these cleartext credentials from stored archives. No public exploit identified at time of analysis and not confirmed in CISA KEV.

Resource exhaustion in Samsung's rlottie library allows denial of service when parsing crafted Lottie animation files. The library fails to impose limits on precompositional nesting depth, render node counts, repeater copy quantities, and polygon point values, enabling an attacker to supply a malicious .json Lottie file that drives unbounded memory allocation and recursive rendering work. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, but the upstream fix in PR #596 confirms the attack surface is well-understood; applications embedding rlottie for animated content - including Samsung Smart TVs, Tizen-based devices, and any app rendering Lottie animations - are affected across all versions prior to the patch.

Out-of-bounds heap write in Zephyr RTOS's USB device-next CDC NCM class handler allows any physical USB host to corrupt the device's shared network buffer pool by issuing standard GET_NTB_PARAMETERS or GET_NTB_INPUT_SIZE control requests with a wLength field smaller than the response structure size. The overflow is bounded at up to 27 bytes and writes only fixed device constants, making its primary impact denial of service of the USB stack rather than arbitrary code execution. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV; however, exploitation requires only physical USB access to a device built with the opt-in device_next stack and CDC NCM class.

NULL pointer dereference in Zephyr RTOS's experimental device_next USB DFU class crashes any device where DFU download is enabled when a USB host sends a zero-length DFU_DNLOAD terminator after initiating a valid transfer. The result is a fatal CPU fault causing device crash or reset - impact is strictly limited to availability, with the vendor and commit diff explicitly confirming no memory corruption or information disclosure. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and exploitation requires physical control of the attached USB host.

FPU register state leakage in Zephyr RTOS ARM port exposes callee-saved floating-point registers across thread boundaries when CONFIG_FPU is enabled without CONFIG_FPU_SHARING. Under CONFIG_USERSPACE builds, an unprivileged co-resident thread can directly read FP registers s16-s31 left behind by a victim thread after a context switch, because FP register access is not privilege-gated on ARM and the kernel performs no save/restore of those registers in the unshared configuration. No public exploit is identified at time of analysis, EPSS data is not provided, and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV; impact is bounded to 16 callee-saved single-precision registers and requires an attacker-controlled thread executing concurrently with the victim.

Path traversal authorization bypass in SAP Approuter (Node.js package, versions prior to 23.0.0) enables a low-privileged authenticated attacker to send specially crafted requests that escape the Approuter's routing authorization controls and reach protected backend destinations beyond their assigned scope. Successful exploitation yields high confidentiality impact - exposure of sensitive backend data - and limited integrity impact through restricted modifications to protected resources, with no effect on availability. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, and exploitation is constrained by high attack complexity per the CVSS AC:H rating.

Improper error condition handling in SAP Approuter (the node.js routing component of SAP Business AI Platform) allows a low-privileged network attacker to cause a partial availability disruption under a non-default configuration. The attack is highly complex, requiring conditions outside the attacker's control, and produces only low availability impact with no confidentiality or integrity loss. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and a vendor patch is available in Approuter node.js package version 23.0.0 and later.

Memory disclosure in SAP ABAP Platform exposes residual data from previously allocated memory buffers to unauthenticated remote attackers via a specially crafted request to an internal component. Affected deployments include ABAP Platform 7.54, KERNEL 7.53, KRNL64UC 7.53, and 7.77, with the vendor characterizing the leaked data as limited and non-sensitive. No active exploitation has been confirmed by CISA KEV and no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, consistent with the moderate CVSS 5.3 rating reflecting low confidentiality impact with no integrity or availability consequences.

Tenant context spoofing in SAP Approuter (node.js package < 23.0.0) allows unauthenticated remote attackers to craft requests that bypass tenant isolation, resulting in limited cross-tenant information disclosure. Exploitation is constrained by High Attack Complexity (AC:H per vendor CVSS), meaning conditions necessary for success are not fully under attacker control. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis and a vendor patch is available, making this a low-urgency but compliance-relevant issue for SAP BTP multi-tenant deployments.

SAP NetWeaver AS Java's Adobe Document Services (ADS) component ships outdated open-source cryptographic and data transfer libraries that carry known, unpatched-within-the-product vulnerabilities classified under CWE-1395. Low-privileged authenticated attackers with network access can exploit these library weaknesses to achieve limited impact across confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the affected ADS component. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified; this is a supply-chain dependency risk with a CVSS 6.3 Medium score and no indication of weaponization at time of analysis.

Socket descriptor exhaustion in Zephyr RTOS's UpdateHub OTA client allows a network on-path attacker - or simply an unreachable update server - to gradually deplete the device's shared net_context pool, causing device-wide networking degradation until reboot. The defect is a resource-management bug (CWE-772) in start_coap_client(): ret was set to -1 immediately after socket creation, making the ret > 0 cleanup gate permanently unreachable, so cleanup_connection() was never invoked on any DTLS or connect failure path. No public exploit exists and the upstream fix is confirmed via Zephyr Project commit and security advisory.

Symlink traversal in TP-Link Aginet home networking devices exposes sensitive filesystem files to any attacker who can physically insert a prepared USB storage device. The firmware resolves symbolic links placed on external USB media without validating that the resolved path remains within the intended storage boundary, enabling unauthorized read access to device-internal files such as configuration and credential stores. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing exists at time of analysis; however, the vendor has confirmed patches for all affected models.

Hardcoded cryptographic keys embedded in TP-Link Aginet firmware expose sensitive configuration data to any attacker who gains access to device storage. Affecting over 70 distinct hardware SKUs across the HB, HX, HC, EB, EC, EX, XX, XC, and VX product families, the static keys are identical across all devices sharing a firmware image, meaning key material extracted from one device - or from a publicly downloadable firmware image - decrypts configuration stores on any other device of the same model. Successful exploitation yields plaintext credentials and service configuration, and no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis. TP-Link has released patched firmware for all affected models.

Account takeover via recovery-code bypass in AnythingLLM 1.0.0-1.15.0 allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to seize full control of any user account, including administrator accounts, in multi-user mode. The flaw resides in server/utils/PasswordRecovery/index.js: raw recovery codes are deduplicated before whitespace trimming, so a single code submitted twice with differing surrounding whitespace satisfies the two-distinct-code requirement, and the hash-matching loop does not consume matched hashes, permitting one known code to match the same stored bcrypt hash twice. No confirmed active exploitation or public proof-of-concept is identified at time of analysis, but the technique is directly derivable from the published GitHub advisory GHSA-vv8w-wg6r-hq56.

Sensitive credential disclosure in Red Hat OpenShift AI's odh-model-controller component exposes Kubernetes Secrets - including cloud provider credentials and API keys - across namespace boundaries to any authenticated user holding custom resource creation permissions. The root cause is a confused deputy flaw (CWE-441) in the loadSecret function, which accepts user-controlled namespace input without validation, allowing the controller's elevated cluster-wide RBAC permissions to be turned against secrets in namespaces the attacker could not directly access. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing is identified at time of analysis.

Uninitialized-memory and out-of-bounds read in the UpdateHub OTA client of Zephyr RTOS allows a malicious or on-path UpdateHub server to crash the device update thread via a crafted probe response, producing a network-triggerable denial of service. The flaw exists in z_impl_updatehub_probe() within subsys/mgmt/updatehub/updatehub.c, where metadata_copy is allocated with k_malloc (leaving heap unzeroed) and filled via memcpy without a NUL terminator; a subsequent strlen() then scans into uninitialized heap, producing an over-long length fed to json_obj_parse(). No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis and the vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog, but it is remotely triggerable against Zephyr devices running UpdateHub without DTLS transport protection.

Physical access to the TBEA TLogger V2.1.0.0B0.0.0.0 (Communication Box 3rd Generation) PCB exposes an unprotected UART debug interface, allowing a physically proximate attacker to intercept the device boot process and runtime debug output without any authentication. Disclosed data - including OS version strings, software versions, network configuration, filesystem paths, and implementation internals - provides a reconnaissance foundation that can materially assist subsequent compromise of the device or connected infrastructure. No public exploit code and no active exploitation (CISA KEV) have been identified at time of analysis.

Dokploy's application.one API endpoint exposes unredacted Git provider credentials - including GitHub client secrets, private keys, and webhook secrets, as well as GitLab and Gitea access and refresh tokens, and Bitbucket app passwords - to any authenticated user holding service:read permission, regardless of whether that user has been granted Git provider access. The root cause is that findApplicationById eagerly loads full provider relations without column-level exclusions, and the hasGitProviderAccess authorization check does not prevent these fields from appearing in the returned application object. All Dokploy deployments prior to version 0.29.13 are affected; no public exploit has been identified, though the patch diff published in PR #4859 precisely documents the vulnerable data paths.

Uninitialized memory exposure in GNU C Library (glibc) versions 2.0 through 2.43 corrupts the we_wordv member of the wordexp_t structure when wordexp is called with the WRDE_APPEND flag under specific conditions, causing a subsequent wordfree call to abort the calling process. Disclosed by the glibc project as GLIBC-SA-2026-0014 and rooted in CWE-908 (Use of Uninitialized Resource), the flaw carries a CVSS 4.0 base score of 2.1, reflecting meaningful exploitation constraints including a local attack vector and high complexity. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis.

Red Hat multicluster-global-hub misconfigures topic-level access controls during ManagedClusterMigration, exposing bootstrap kubeconfigs - containing API server tokens - to any managed hub that reads the shared communication topic. A compromised managed hub can silently harvest these credentials, which carry an approximately 9.86-year validity window, enabling long-lived unauthorized access to other managed clusters well beyond the migration event itself. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, but the extended token lifetime dramatically amplifies post-compromise dwell risk.

Sensitive guest disk contents are exposed to any local user on Red Hat Enterprise Linux KVM hosts due to `qemu-img` creating new volume image files with world-readable permissions during libvirt storage clone or convert operations. Affected platforms span RHEL 6 through 10 and RHEL for Nvidia 26. No public exploit code has been identified and this vulnerability is not listed in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog at time of analysis, but the CVSS C:H rating reflects full guest disk exposure to a low-privileged local attacker.

Private AI bot conversation content leaks to unauthorized authenticated users in Discourse via an improperly scoped MessageBus reply stream in the discourse-ai plugin. Authenticated members of any Discourse instance running the discourse-ai plugin prior to versions 2026.1.6, 2026.5.2, 2026.6.1, or 2026.7.0 can intercept real-time streaming content of private message conversations between other users and the AI bot. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and the CVE is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog, but the low attack complexity and straightforward exploitation path represent a meaningful confidentiality risk for any deployment actively using AI bot private message features.

HCL BigFix Mobile leaks sensitive application internals through verbose error messages and improper exception handling, enabling authenticated network users to harvest stack traces, internal paths, or configuration details that materially assist reconnaissance. Confirmed by HCL under CVSS 4.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L), the flaw requires only a low-privileged account to exploit and produces no integrity or availability impact - purely a confidentiality concern. No public exploit code or active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been identified at time of analysis.

Onebox domain blocklist bypass in Discourse allows forum users to circumvent administrator-configured content restrictions by exploiting case-sensitive hostname comparison in `Onebox::DomainChecker.is_blocked?`. Versions prior to 2026.1.6, 2026.5.2, 2026.6.1, and 2026.7.0 are affected across all maintained release branches. An attacker with a forum account can post a link whose redirect target hostname uses mixed casing (e.g., `BLOCKED-Domain.Com`) to evade blocklist enforcement and cause Discourse to render a rich link preview of content the administrator intended to restrict. No public exploit has been identified and the vulnerability is absent from CISA KEV.

Chatwoot's multi-tenant API fails to restrict the `account_id` parameter in four controllers (Portals, Automation Rules, Macros, Twilio Channels), enabling authenticated account administrators to reassign resources across tenant boundaries. An admin in Account A can transfer owned resources - including Twilio channel credentials and automation configurations - into arbitrary target accounts, causing cross-account data exposure, unauthorized configuration modification, or denial of access to transferred resources. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing is identified; the fix is confirmed released in v4.9.0.

Email address disclosure in MISP cti-transmute versions up to and including 1.4.0 exposes private user email addresses to any authenticated platform user via the account following-list API endpoint. The get_following() function incorrectly serializes the followed user's email field alongside non-sensitive metadata such as name, user ID, and follow date, despite email being absent from comparable user-list endpoints in the same codebase. An authenticated attacker can systematically follow accounts to harvest the full platform user directory's email addresses; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.

Improper cryptographic signature verification in Estonian RIA's libdigidocpp core library and its consumer applications - DigiDoc4, DigiDoc for Android, and DigiDoc for iOS - enables bypassing of XAdES signature validity checks through unhandled exceptional conditions during BDOC container parsing. Affected versions span libdigidocpp 4.1.0-4.2.0, DigiDoc4 4.7.0-4.8.1, DigiDoc Android 2.7.0-2.7.1, and DigiDoc iOS 2.8.0, all of which have vendor-released patches. A proof-of-concept is indicated by the CVSS 4.0 E:P exploit maturity modifier, though no active exploitation has been confirmed and this CVE is not listed in CISA KEV.

Super-linear regular-expression complexity in CPython's csv.Sniffer.sniff() allows CPU exhaustion when applications pass attacker-controlled, unbounded CSV input to dialect detection. Any Python application that auto-detects CSV formats from user-supplied data without input length limits is potentially affected across all CPython versions predating the 3.16 fix. No public exploit is identified at time of analysis, and the CVSS 4.0 score of 2.4 reflects a low-severity, local-context vulnerability with limited availability impact.

Sensitive system information exposure in the Zyxel WAH7601 portable 4G LTE mobile hotspot allows unauthenticated adjacent-network attackers to fingerprint the device's web application and firmware stack without any credentials. All firmware versions through 20072026 are affected per CPE data, and the CWE-497 root cause indicates the device's web interface leaks system-identifying data to any party on the adjacent network. No public exploit code or CISA KEV active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, but the no-authentication, adjacent-network vector makes this trivially reachable by anyone connected to or physically proximate to the hotspot.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mtd: virt_concat: fix use-after-free in mtd_virt_concat_destroy() mtd_concat_destroy() frees item->concat so calling mtd_virt_concat_put_mtd_devices(item->concat) after that leads to a use-after-free. Fix it by moving mtd_virt_concat_put_mtd_devices() before mtd_concat_destroy().

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: btrfs: fix root leak if its reloc root is unexpected in merge_reloc_roots() If we have an unexpected reloc_root for our root, we jump to the out label but never drop the reference we obtained for root, resulting in a leak. Add a missing btrfs_put_root() call.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: sched_ext: Don't warn on core-sched forced idle in put_prev_task_scx() put_prev_task_scx() warns when a runnable task drops to a lower sched_class without SCX_OPS_ENQ_LAST, on the assumption that balance_one() would have kept it running. Core scheduling breaks that: a forced-idle SMT sibling reschedules through the core_pick fast path in pick_next_task(), which skips pick_task_scx() and thus balance_one(), so a runnable task can drop to idle with ENQ_LAST unset. Gate the warning on sched_cpu_cookie_match(): a cookie mismatch means core scheduling forced the idle, while a match (or core scheduling off) still catches a genuine missing-ENQ_LAST drop.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: RDMA/irdma: Prevent user-triggered null deref on QP create Previously, the user QP creation path would only attempt to populate iwqp->iwpbl if the user-provided req.user_wqe_bufs field was non-zero. The problem is that iwqp->iwpbl is unconditionally dereferenced later on in irdma_setup_virt_qp. While there was a check for iwqp->iwpbl != NULL, this check would only occur if req.user_wqe_bufs was non-zero. The end result is that a user could send a zero user_wqe_bufs value and trigger a null ptr deref. Fix this by unconditionally calling irdma_get_pbl and bailing if it fails, similar to the CQ and SRQ paths.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mtd: fix double free and WARN_ON in add_mtd_device() error paths When device_register() or mtd_nvmem_add() fails inside add_mtd_device() for a partition, the error handling triggers mtd_release() via put_device() or device_unregister(). mtd_release() calls release_mtd_partition() which frees the mtd_info structure. However, callers such as mtd_add_partition() and add_mtd_partitions() also call free_partition() in their error paths, resulting in a double free. Additionally, release_mtd_partition() hits WARN_ON(!list_empty( &mtd->part.node)) because the partition node is still linked in the parent's partitions list when the release callback fires from the add_mtd_device() error path. Fix this by overriding dev->type and dev->release before put_device() in the error paths, so that device_release() invokes a no-op function instead of mtd_release(). For the mtd_nvmem_add() failure case, device_unregister() is replaced with device_del() to separate the device removal from the final kobject reference drop, allowing the override to take effect before put_device() is called. The callers' error paths (list_del + free_partition) remain the sole owners of mtd_info lifetime on add_mtd_device() failure, which is the expected contract. The normal partition teardown path is not affected: del_mtd_device() goes through kref_put() -> mtd_device_release() -> device_unregister() with dev->type still set to &mtd_devtype, so mtd_release() -> release_mtd_partition() continues to work correctly for the regular removal case.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: ipw2100: fix potential memory leak in ipw2100_pci_init_one() The memory allocated in the ipw2100_alloc_device() function is not freed in some of the error paths in ipw2100_pci_init_one(). Fix that by converting the direct return into a goto to the error path return. The error path when pci_enable_device() fails cannot jump to fail, since at this point priv is not set, so perform error handling inline.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: cfg80211: Fix an error handling path in cfg80211_wext_siwscan() If the test against IEEE80211_MAX_SSID_LEN fails, then 'creq' leaks. Use the existing error handling path to fix it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: libertas: fix memory leak in helper_firmware_cb() helper_firmware_cb() neglects to free the single-stage firmware image after a successful async load, leading to a memory leak in the USB firmware-download path. Fix this memory leak by calling release_firmware() immediately after lbs_fw_loaded() returns. The bug was first flagged by an experimental analysis tool we are developing for kernel memory-management bugs while analyzing v6.13-rc1. The tool is still under development and is not yet publicly available. Manual inspection confirms that the bug is still present in the current wireless tree. An x86_64 allyesconfig build showed no new warnings. As we do not have compatible Libertas USB hardware for exercising this firmware-download path, no runtime testing was able to be performed.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: cfg80211: convert pmsr_free_wk to wiphy_work to fix deadlock When a netlink socket that owns a PMSR session is closed, cfg80211_release_pmsr() clears the request's nl_portid and queues pmsr_free_wk to call cfg80211_pmsr_process_abort() asynchronously. If the interface tears down concurrently, cfg80211_pmsr_wdev_down() is called under wiphy_lock and calls cancel_work_sync(&pmsr_free_wk) to wait for any running work. The work function acquires wiphy_lock via guard(wiphy) before calling process_abort. This is a deadlock: wdev_down holds wiphy_lock and blocks inside cancel_work_sync(); pmsr_free_wk blocks trying to acquire that same wiphy_lock. Neither thread can proceed. The same deadlock is reachable from cfg80211_leave_locked(), which calls cfg80211_pmsr_wdev_down() for all interface types under wiphy_lock. Fix this by converting pmsr_free_wk from a plain work_struct to a wiphy_work. The wiphy_work dispatcher holds wiphy_lock when running work items, so the explicit guard(wiphy) in the work function is no longer needed. wiphy_work_cancel() can be called safely while holding wiphy_lock - since wiphy_lock prevents the work from running concurrently, wiphy_work_cancel() never blocks, eliminating the deadlock. Remove the cancel_work_sync() for pmsr_free_wk from the NETDEV_GOING_DOWN handler. cfg80211_leave(), called unconditionally just before it, already cancels any pending work under wiphy_lock via wiphy_work_cancel() inside cfg80211_pmsr_wdev_down().

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: nl80211: free RNR data on MBSSID mismatch nl80211_parse_beacon() rejects EMA RNR data when there are fewer RNR entries than MBSSID entries. The rejected RNR allocation has not been attached to the beacon data yet, so free it before returning the error.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: cfg80211: validate PMSR FTM preamble range PMSR FTM request parsing accepts preamble values outside the enumerated nl80211 preamble range. Reject out-of-range values before using them in the parser capability bit test using the policy. [drop unnecessary check]

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: mac80211: free AP_VLAN bc_buf SKBs outside IRQ lock ieee80211_do_stop() removes AP_VLAN packets from the parent AP ps->bc_buf while holding ps->bc_buf.lock with IRQs disabled. It then calls ieee80211_free_txskb() before dropping the lock. ieee80211_free_txskb() is not just a passive SKB release. For SKBs with TX status state it can report a dropped frame through cfg80211/nl80211, and that path can reach netlink tap transmit. This is the same reason the pending queue cleanup in ieee80211_do_stop() already unlinks SKBs under the queue lock and frees them after IRQ state is restored. The buggy scenario involves two paths, with each column showing the order within that path: AP_VLAN management TX: AP_VLAN stop: 1. attach ACK-status state 1. clear the running state 2. queue a multicast SKB on 2. take ps->bc_buf.lock with IRQs parent ps->bc_buf disabled 3. unlink the AP_VLAN SKB 4. call ieee80211_free_txskb() Unlink matching AP_VLAN SKBs from ps->bc_buf under the existing lock, but move them to a local free queue. Drop the lock and restore IRQ state before calling ieee80211_free_txskb(). WARNING: kernel/softirq.c:430 at __local_bh_enable_ip

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: brcmfmac: initialize SDIO data work before cleanup brcmf_sdio_probe() stores the newly allocated bus in sdiodev->bus before allocating the ordered workqueue. If that allocation fails, the function jumps to fail and calls brcmf_sdio_remove(). brcmf_sdio_remove() unconditionally cancels bus->datawork. Initialize the work item before the first failure path that can reach brcmf_sdio_remove(), so the cleanup path always observes a valid work object. This issue was found by our static analysis tool and then confirmed by manual review of the probe error path and the remove-time work drain. The problem pattern is an early setup failure that reaches a cleanup helper which cancels an embedded work item before its initializer has run. A QEMU PoC forced alloc_ordered_workqueue() to fail at the same point in brcmf_sdio_probe(), before INIT_WORK(&bus->datawork) is reached. The resulting fail path calls brcmf_sdio_remove(), and DEBUG_OBJECTS reports the invalid work drain with brcmf_sdio_probe() and brcmf_sdio_remove() in the stack.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: scsi: core: wake eh reliably when using scsi_schedule_eh Drivers which use the scsi_schedule_eh function to run the error handler currently risk the error handler thread never waking once all commands are timed out or inactive. There is no enforced memory order between setting the host into error recovery state and counting busy commands. This can result in a race with scsi_dec_host_busy where neither CPU sees both conditions of all commands inactive and the host error state to request waking the error handler. To fix this, run the scsi_schedule_eh's scsi_eh_wakeup from a new work item which will use rcu to ensure scsi_schedule_eh's call to scsi_host_busy will occur after the error state is globally visible and will be seen by any current scsi_dec_host_busy callers.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ata: sata_dwc_460ex: enable SATA interrupts only after IRQ handler is registered sata_dwc_enable_interrupts() is called before platform_get_irq() and ata_host_activate(), leaving the SATA controller's interrupt mask enabled without a registered handler. If a later step fails (irq request, phy init, etc.) or if the controller asserts an interrupt during probe, the irq line may fire with no handler, causing a spurious interrupt storm. Move sata_dwc_enable_interrupts() after ata_host_activate() so that interrupts are only unmasked once the handler is registered and the core is fully initialized.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf, sockmap: Reject unhashed UDP sockets on sockmap update UDP sockets get SOCK_RCU_FREE set when (auto-)bound. This means sk_is_refcounted(unbound) = true, while sk_is_refcounted(bound) = false. Because sockmap accepts unbound UDP sockets, a BPF program can increment a socket's refcount via lookup. If the socket is subsequently bound, the transition from unbound to bound causes bpf_sk_release() to skip the decrement of the refcount, causing a memory leak. unreferenced object 0xffff88810bc2eb40 (size 1984): comm "test_progs", pid 2451, jiffies 4295320596 hex dump (first 32 bytes): 7f 00 00 01 7f 00 00 01 d2 04 1b b7 04 d2 00 00 ................ 02 00 01 40 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ...@............ backtrace (crc bdee079d): kmem_cache_alloc_noprof+0x557/0x660 sk_prot_alloc+0x69/0x240 sk_alloc+0x30/0x460 inet_create+0x2ce/0xf80 __sock_create+0x25b/0x5c0 __sys_socket+0x119/0x1d0 __x64_sys_socket+0x72/0xd0 do_syscall_64+0xa1/0x5f0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e Instead of special-casing for refcounted sockets, reject unhashed UDP sockets during sockmap updates, as there is no benefit to supporting those. This effectively reverts the commit under Fixes, with two exceptions: 1. sock_map_sk_state_allowed() maintains a fall-through `return true`. 2. In the spirit of commit b8b8315e39ff ("bpf, sockmap: Remove unhash handler for BPF sockmap usage"), the proto::unhash BPF handler is not reintroduced. Historical note: this issue is related to commit 67312adc96b5 ("bpf: reject unhashed sockets in bpf_sk_assign").

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bnxt_en: Handle partially initialized auxiliary devices bnxt_aux_devices_init() calls auxiliary_device_init() before all fields used by bnxt_aux_dev_release() are initialized. After auxiliary_device_init() succeeds, later errors must unwind with auxiliary_device_uninit(), which invokes the release callback. The release callback assumes that aux_priv->id, aux_priv->edev, edev->net and edev->ulp_tbl are all populated. If allocation fails after auxiliary_device_init(), the release path can otherwise dereference or clear partially initialized state. Allocate and attach the bnxt_en_dev and ULP table before calling auxiliary_device_init(), so the release callback only sees a fully initialized auxiliary private object. If auxiliary_device_init() itself fails, free those allocations directly because device_initialize() has not run and the release callback will not be invoked. This issue was found by a static analysis checker and confirmed by manual source review.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: usb: core: port: Deattach Type-C connector on component unbind connector_unbind() is the mirror of connector_bind(), but it is missing the symmetric call to typec_deattach() that connector_bind() makes via: if (port_dev->child) typec_attach(port_dev->connector, &port_dev->child->dev); When a Thunderbolt dock is unplugged, two teardown paths race: 1. The component framework calls connector_unbind() first, which sets port_dev->connector = NULL without calling typec_deattach(). This leaves port->usb2_dev/port->usb3_dev in struct typec_port pointing at the USB device that is about to be freed. 2. usb_disconnect() then calls typec_deattach(port_dev->connector, ...), but port_dev->connector is already NULL, so the call is a no-op and port->usb2_dev is never cleared. 3. Concurrently, UCSI detects a PD partner-disconnect event and calls typec_unregister_partner(), which reads port->usb2_dev (now a dangling pointer to freed memory) and passes it to typec_partner_unlink_device() -> sysfs_remove_link() -> dev_name() on the freed device, corrupting the typec/UCSI partner state. This corruption leaves the Thunderbolt tunnel in an inconsistent state on the next dock hot-plug. On affected hardware the dock's I225/igc NIC fails to enumerate: AER fires a slot reset while the igc driver is still initialising ("PCIe link lost"), and the subsequent igc_reset attempt hits igc_rd32 on an already-detached device: igc 0000:2e:00.0 eth0: PCIe link lost, device now detached igc: Failed to read reg 0x0! WARNING: CPU: 9 PID: 129 at drivers/net/ethernet/intel/igc/igc_main.c:7005 igc_rd32+0xa4/0xc0 [igc] Call Trace: igc_disable_pcie_master+0x16/0xa0 [igc] igc_reset_hw_base+0x14/0x170 [igc] igc_reset+0x63/0x110 [igc] igc_io_slot_reset+0x9e/0xd0 [igc] report_slot_reset+0x5d/0xc0 pcie_do_recovery+0x209/0x400 aer_isr_one_error_type+0x235/0x430 aer_isr+0x4e/0x80 irq_thread+0xf4/0x1f0 4. UCSI later handles the PD partner-disconnect and calls typec_unregister_partner(), which still sees the stale port->usb2_dev and tries to remove its sysfs link a second time: kernfs: can not remove 'typec', no directory WARNING: CPU: 6 PID: 55 at fs/kernfs/dir.c:1706 kernfs_remove_by_name_ns+0xe9/0xf0 Workqueue: events ucsi_handle_connector_change [typec_ucsi] Call Trace: sysfs_remove_link+0x19/0x50 typec_unregister_partner+0x6e/0x120 [typec] ucsi_unregister_partner+0x107/0x150 [typec_ucsi] ucsi_handle_connector_change+0x3ec/0x490 [typec_ucsi] process_one_work+0x18e/0x3e0 worker_thread+0x2e3/0x420 kthread+0x10a/0x230 ret_from_fork+0x121/0x140 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 With worse timing the same stale pointer is dereferenced after the backing memory is freed, turning the warning into a use-after-free. Fix the asymmetry: call typec_deattach() before clearing port_dev->connector, matching what connector_bind() does on the bind side. typec_partner_deattach() is already protected by port->partner_link_lock, so it serialises safely with the concurrent typec_unregister_partner() path.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: usb: gadget: f_ncm: validate datagram bounds in ncm_unwrap_ntb() When unpacking host-supplied NTBs, ncm_unwrap_ntb() checks datagram length against frame_max but does not verify that the datagram fits within the declared block length. Additionally, when decoding multiple NTBs from a single socket buffer, subsequent block lengths are not checked against the actual remaining buffer data. With these checks missing, a malicious USB host can specify datagram offsets and lengths that point beyond the block, or supply secondary NTB headers declaring lengths larger than the buffer. skb_put_data() then copies adjacent kernel memory from skb_shared_info into the network skb. Fix this by verifying that sufficient buffer space remains for the NTB header before parsing, handling zero-length block declarations, ensuring that block lengths never exceed the remaining buffer space, and verifying that each datagram payload stays strictly within the block boundary.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: usb: gadget: f_tcm: synchronize delayed set_alt with teardown The f_tcm set_alt() path defers endpoint setup to a work item and completes the delayed status response from process context. The delayed work uses f_tcm private state and may complete the setup request after disconnect or function teardown has already moved on. Cancel and drain the delayed set_alt work when the function is unbound or freed. For disable paths, which are reached under the composite device lock, use a small state machine and a non-sleeping cancellation path instead of cancel_work_sync(). If the work is already running, mark it cancelled and let the worker own the cleanup; otherwise tcm_disable() can cancel the queued work and clean up immediately. Also serialize the final delayed-status completion with the cancellation check while holding the composite device lock. This prevents a disconnect from clearing delayed_status while the worker is about to complete the control request. Validation reproduced this kernel report: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in tcm_delayed_set_alt+0x6c/0xef0 Call Trace: <TASK> dump_stack_lvl+0x66/0xa0 print_report+0xce/0x630 ? tcm_delayed_set_alt+0x6c/0xef0 ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 ? __virt_addr_valid+0x188/0x320 ? tcm_delayed_set_alt+0x6c/0xef0 kasan_report+0xe0/0x110 ? tcm_delayed_set_alt+0x6c/0xef0 tcm_delayed_set_alt+0x6c/0xef0 ? __pfx_tcm_delayed_set_alt+0x10/0x10 ? process_one_work+0x4cb/0xb90 ? rcu_is_watching+0x20/0x50 ? tcm_delayed_set_alt+0x9/0xef0 process_one_work+0x4d7/0xb90 ? __pfx_process_one_work+0x10/0x10 ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 ? __list_add_valid_or_report+0x37/0xf0 ? __pfx_tcm_delayed_set_alt+0x10/0x10 ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 worker_thread+0x2d8/0x570 ? __pfx_worker_thread+0x10/0x10 kthread+0x1ad/0x1f0 ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 ret_from_fork+0x3c9/0x540 ? __pfx_ret_from_fork+0x10/0x10 ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 ? __switch_to+0x2e9/0x730 ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 </TASK> Allocated by task 544: kasan_save_stack+0x33/0x60 kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30 __kasan_kmalloc+0x8f/0xa0 tcm_alloc+0x68/0x180 usb_get_function+0x36/0x60 config_usb_cfg_link+0x125/0x1b0 configfs_symlink+0x322/0x890 vfs_symlink+0xc2/0x270 filename_symlinkat+0x295/0x2f0 __x64_sys_symlinkat+0x62/0x90 do_syscall_64+0x115/0x6a0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f Freed by task 661: kasan_save_stack+0x33/0x60 kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30 kasan_save_free_info+0x3b/0x60 __kasan_slab_free+0x43/0x70 kfree+0x2f9/0x530 config_usb_cfg_unlink+0x173/0x1e0 configfs_unlink+0x1fa/0x340 vfs_unlink+0x15c/0x510 filename_unlinkat+0x2ba/0x450 __x64_sys_unlinkat+0x63/0x90 do_syscall_64+0x115/0x6a0 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: usb: gadget: uvc: clamp SEND_RESPONSE length to the response buffer uvc_send_response() builds the UVC control response from a user-supplied struct uvc_request_data: req->length = min_t(unsigned int, uvc->event_length, data->length); ... memcpy(req->buf, data->data, req->length); req->length is clamped to uvc->event_length, which is taken from the host control request wLength (up to UVC_MAX_REQUEST_SIZE, 64), and to data->length, which comes from the UVCIOC_SEND_RESPONSE ioctl and is only checked for being negative. The source buffer data->data is only 60 bytes, so a response with uvc->event_length and data->length both greater than 60 makes memcpy() read past the end of data->data. Clamp req->length to sizeof(data->data) as well.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: USB: serial: io_edgeport: cap received transmit credits The interrupt-status packet reports transmit credits returned by the device. edge_interrupt_callback() adds the 16-bit value to txCredits without checking maxTxCredits. edge_write() uses txCredits minus the software FIFO count as the amount of data that fits. Since the FIFO is allocated with maxTxCredits bytes, txCredits exceeding maxTxCredits can cause OOB write in ring buffer. Cap accumulated credits at maxTxCredits. Conforming devices should never hit the cap.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/amd/display: Fix ISM dc_lock deadlock during suspend [Why] System hang observed during suspend/resume while video is playing. amdgpu_dm_ism_disable() is called under dc_lock and waits for ISM delayed work via disable_delayed_work_sync(). The work handlers themselves take dc_lock, producing an ABBA deadlock when a worker is in flight at suspend time. [How] Split the disable path into two phases with opposite locking contracts: 1. amdgpu_dm_ism_disable() -- quiesces workers, must NOT hold dc_lock. 2. amdgpu_dm_ism_force_full_power() (new) -- drives the ISM FSM back to FULL_POWER_RUNNING, must hold dc_lock.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: hwmon: (corsair-psu) Stop device IO before calling hid_hw_stop hid_hw_stop() does not stop the device IO. This results in a race condition between hid_input_report() and the point immediately following the execution of hid_device_io_start() within corsairpsu_probe(). If the probe operation fails after "io start" has been initiated, this race condition will result in a uaf vulnerability [1]. CPU0 CPU1 ==== ==== corsairpsu_probe() hid_device_io_start() ... unlock driver_input_lock hid_hw_stop() kfree(hidraw) __hid_input_report() ... acquire driver_input_lock hid_report_raw_event() hidraw_report_event() ... access hidraw's list_lock // trigger uaf Consequently, when corsairpsu_probe() fails and hid_hw_stop() needs to be executed, the io_started flag is first cleared while holding the driver_input_lock to prevent potential race conditions involving input reports. [1] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in rt_spin_lock+0x83/0x400 kernel/locking/spinlock_rt.c:56 Call Trace: hidraw_report_event+0x5d/0x3a0 drivers/hid/hidraw.c:577 hid_report_raw_event+0x311/0x1730 drivers/hid/hid-core.c:2076 __hid_input_report drivers/hid/hid-core.c:2152 [inline] hid_input_report+0x44e/0x580 drivers/hid/hid-core.c:2174 hid_irq_in+0x47e/0x6d0 drivers/hid/usbhid/hid-core.c:286 __usb_hcd_giveback_urb+0x3b3/0x5e0 drivers/usb/core/hcd.c:1657 dummy_timer+0x8a9/0x47d0 drivers/usb/gadget/udc/dummy_hcd.c:2005 Allocated by task 10: hidraw_connect+0x57/0x430 drivers/hid/hidraw.c:606 hid_connect+0x5bf/0x19d0 drivers/hid/hid-core.c:2277 hid_hw_start+0xa8/0x120 drivers/hid/hid-core.c:2387 corsairpsu_probe+0xd9/0x3c0 drivers/hwmon/corsair-psu.c:782 Freed by task 10: hidraw_disconnect+0x4f/0x60 drivers/hid/hidraw.c:662 hid_disconnect drivers/hid/hid-core.c:2362 [inline] hid_hw_stop+0x101/0x1e0 drivers/hid/hid-core.c:2407 corsairpsu_probe+0x327/0x3c0 drivers/hwmon/corsair-psu.c:826 Fix the problem by calling hid_device_io_stop() before calling hid_hw_stop(). [groeck: Updated subject and description; call hid_device_io_stop() only if IO has been started]

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: hwmon: (corsair-cpro) Stop device IO before calling hid_hw_stop Calling hid_hw_stop() does not stop the device IO. This results in a race condition between hid_input_report() and the point immediately following the execution of hid_device_io_start() within the driver probe function. If the probe operation fails after "io start" has been initiated, this race condition will result in a UAF vulnerability. Fix the problem by calling hid_device_io_stop() before calling hid_hw_stop().

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: hwmon: (nzxt-smart2) Stop device IO before calling hid_hw_stop Calling hid_hw_stop() does not stop the device IO. This results in a race condition between hid_input_report() and the point immediately following the execution of hid_device_io_start() within the driver probe function. If the probe operation fails after "io start" has been initiated, this race condition will result in a UAF vulnerability. Fix the problem by calling hid_device_io_stop() before calling hid_hw_stop().

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: hwmon: (nzxt-kraken3) Stop device IO before calling hid_hw_stop Calling hid_hw_stop() does not stop the device IO. This results in a race condition between hid_input_report() and the point immediately following the execution of hid_device_io_start() within the driver probe function. If the probe operation fails after "io start" has been initiated, this race condition will result in a UAF vulnerability. Fix the problem by calling hid_device_io_stop() before calling hid_hw_stop().

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: watchdog: pretimeout: Fix UAF in watchdog_unregister_governor() When a watchdog governor is unregistered, it updates existing watchdog devices that were using this governor by falling back to `default_gov`. If the governor being unregistered is currently set as `default_gov`, the `default_gov` is never cleared. This leads to 2 use-after-free issues: 1. New watchdog devices registered after this point will inherit the dangling `default_gov`. 2. Existing watchdog devices using the unregistered governor will have their `wdd->gov` reassigned to the dangling `default_gov`. Fix the UAF by clearing `default_gov` if it matches the governor being unregistered.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: watchdog: airoha: Prevent division by zero when clock frequency is zero clk_get_rate() can return 0 when the clock provider is not properly configured or the clock is unmanaged. The driver uses wdt_freq as a divisor directly in airoha_wdt_probe() to compute max_timeout and in airoha_wdt_get_timeleft() to compute the remaining time, which results in a division by zero. Add a check for wdt_freq == 0 in probe and return -EINVAL with dev_err_probe() to prevent the division by zero and provide a diagnostic message.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: carl9170: bound memcpy length in cmd callback to prevent OOB read When the firmware sends a command response with a length mismatch, carl9170_cmd_callback() logs the mismatch and calls carl9170_restart() but then falls through to memcpy(ar->readbuf, buffer + 4, len - 4). Since len comes from the firmware and can exceed ar->readlen, this copies more data than the readbuf was allocated for. Bound the memcpy to min(len - 4, ar->readlen) so that the response is still completed -- avoiding repeated restarts from queued garbage -- while preventing an overread past the response buffer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: carl9170: fix OOB read from off-by-two in TX status handler The bounds check in carl9170_tx_process_status() uses `i > ((cmd->hdr.len / 2) + 1)` which is off by two, allowing 2 extra iterations past valid _tx_status entries when the firmware- controlled hdr.ext exceeds hdr.len/2. Fix by using the correct comparison `i >= (cmd->hdr.len / 2)`.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iommu/amd: Fix IRQ unsafe locking in gdom allocation Lockdep complains: [ 259.410489] ===================================================== [ 259.417287] WARNING: HARDIRQ-safe -> HARDIRQ-unsafe lock order detected [ 259.424667] 7.0.0-g51db1d8d2113 #54 Not tainted [ 259.429718] ----------------------------------------------------- [ 259.436516] qemu-system-x86/10143 [HC0[0]:SC0[0]:HE0:SE1] is trying to acquire: [ 259.444670] ff3b2b1c60305170 (&xa->xa_lock#25){+.+.}-{3:3}, at: __domain_flush_pages+0x17c/0x4b0 [ 259.454485] and this task is already holding: [ 259.460991] ff3b2b1c98504cc0 (&domain->lock){-.-.}-{3:3}, at: amd_iommu_iotlb_sync+0x25/0x60 [ 259.470408] which would create a new lock dependency: [ 259.476041] (&domain->lock){-.-.}-{3:3} -> (&xa->xa_lock#25){+.+.}-{3:3} [ 259.483615] but this new dependency connects a HARDIRQ-irq-safe lock: [ 259.492447] (&domain->lock){-.-.}-{3:3} [ 259.492449] ... which became HARDIRQ-irq-safe at: [ 259.503705] lock_acquire+0xb6/0x2e0 [ 259.507790] _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x3e/0x60 [ 259.512748] amd_iommu_flush_iotlb_all+0x20/0x50 [ 259.517996] iommu_dma_free_iova.isra.0+0x1b8/0x1e0 [ 259.523534] __iommu_dma_unmap+0xc2/0x140 [ 259.528100] iommu_dma_unmap_phys+0x55/0xc0 [ 259.532863] dma_unmap_phys+0x274/0x2e0 [ 259.537238] dma_unmap_page_attrs+0x17/0x30 [ 259.542000] nvme_unmap_data+0x13e/0x280 [ 259.546473] nvme_pci_complete_batch+0x45/0x70 [ 259.551524] nvme_irq+0x83/0x90 [ 259.555123] __handle_irq_event_percpu+0x92/0x360 [ 259.560466] handle_irq_event+0x39/0x80 [ 259.564841] handle_edge_irq+0xb2/0x1a0 [ 259.569214] __common_interrupt+0x4e/0x130 [ 259.573882] common_interrupt+0x88/0xa0 [ 259.578256] asm_common_interrupt+0x27/0x40 [ 259.583019] cpuidle_enter_state+0x119/0x5d0 [ 259.587877] cpuidle_enter+0x2e/0x50 [ 259.591962] do_idle+0x153/0x2c0 [ 259.595657] cpu_startup_entry+0x29/0x30 [ 259.600128] start_secondary+0x118/0x150 [ 259.604601] common_startup_64+0x13e/0x141 [ 259.609266] to a HARDIRQ-irq-unsafe lock: [ 259.615384] (&xa->xa_lock#25){+.+.}-{3:3} [ 259.615386] ... which became HARDIRQ-irq-unsafe at: [ 259.627039] ... [ 259.627039] lock_acquire+0xb6/0x2e0 [ 259.633071] _raw_spin_lock+0x2f/0x50 [ 259.637250] amd_iommu_alloc_domain_nested+0x140/0x3c0 [ 259.643078] iommufd_hwpt_alloc+0x272/0x800 [iommufd] [ 259.648813] iommufd_fops_ioctl+0x14e/0x200 [iommufd] [ 259.654547] __x64_sys_ioctl+0x9d/0xf0 ... Since amd_iommu_domain_flush_pages() necessarily holds domain->lock to do the flush, switch the allocation side in gdom_info_load_or_alloc_locked() to HARDIRQ-safe allocation. The IOMMU_DESTROY->free path has the same issue, so switch that path to HARDIRQ-safe locking as well.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ALSA: hda: cs35l41: validate and free ACPI mute object cs35l41_get_acpi_mute_state() evaluates a _DSM method to get the ACPI mute state and reads the first byte from the returned object. However, the returned ACPI object is owned by the caller and is never freed after use, so each successful query leaks the _DSM result object. The code also assumes that the returned object is a buffer with at least one byte. A malformed firmware response can return a different object type or an empty buffer, and the direct ret->buffer.pointer dereference can then access an invalid pointer. Use the typed _DSM helper, validate that the returned buffer contains at least one byte, and free the ACPI object after reading it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: arm_mpam: guard MBWU state before adding it to garbage __destroy_component_cfg() adds each RIS mbwu_state object to the MPAM garbage list when destroying component configuration. However, mbwu_state is allocated per RIS and only for RISes with MBWU monitors. A component can therefore have comp->cfg allocated while some RISes still have ris->mbwu_state set to NULL. Passing a NULL mbwu_state to add_to_garbage() dereferences the NULL pointer inside the macro. Skip RISes that do not have an mbwu_state object before adding them to the garbage list.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ovpn: avoid putting unrelated P2P peer on socket release ovpn_peer_release_p2p() is called when an OVPN UDP socket is being destroyed. It checks the currently published P2P peer and releases it only if that peer still uses the socket being destroyed. A peer replacement can publish a new peer before the old UDP socket is destroyed. When the old socket destruction path runs afterwards, ovpn_peer_release_p2p() observes the new peer through ovpn->peer. Since the new peer uses a different socket, the function takes the socket mismatch branch. That branch still calls ovpn_peer_put(peer). At this point, however, peer is the currently published replacement peer, not the peer associated with the socket being destroyed. Dropping its reference can free it while ovpn->peer still points to it, leading to later use-after-free accesses from the peer and socket cleanup paths. KASAN reports this as a slab-use-after-free on the kmalloc-1k ovpn_peer object. In the reproducer, the object is allocated from ovpn_peer_new() via ovpn_nl_peer_new_doit(), and freed through ovpn_peer_release_rcu() from RCU callback processing. Observed access sites include ovpn_peer_remove(), ovpn_socket_release(), ovpn_nl_peer_del_notify(), and unlock_ovpn(). Fix this by returning from the socket mismatch branch without putting the peer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: btusb: validate Realtek vendor event length btusb_recv_event_realtek() reads the event code at data[0] and the Realtek subevent code at data[2] before deciding whether to consume a vendor event as a coredump. For example, the two-byte event ff 00 contains a complete vendor-event header declaring zero parameters. The old classifier still reads a nonexistent third byte and can misclassify the event as a coredump if the adjacent byte is 0x34. Require the HCI event header and first parameter to be present before inspecting the Realtek subevent code. Short events continue through the normal HCI receive path, which owns their protocol validation.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: rxrpc: fix io_thread race in rxrpc_wake_up_io_thread() rxrpc_wake_up_io_thread() checks local->io_thread before waking it, but then reloads the pointer for wake_up_process(). local->io_thread is cleared with WRITE_ONCE() when the I/O thread exits, so the second load can see NULL even if the first load did not. Take a READ_ONCE() snapshot and use it for both the NULL check and the wake_up_process() call, as rxrpc_encap_rcv() already does.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dpaa2-switch: put MAC endpoint device on disconnect fsl_mc_get_endpoint() returns the MAC endpoint device with a reference taken through device_find_child(). The switch port connect path stores that device in mac->mc_dev and keeps it for the lifetime of the connected MAC object. However, the disconnect path only closes the MAC and frees the dpaa2_mac object. It does not drop the endpoint device reference stored in mac->mc_dev, so every successful connect leaks that device reference when the MAC is later disconnected. Drop the endpoint device reference before freeing the dpaa2_mac object.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: airoha: Fix potential use-after-free in airoha_ppe_deinit() airoha_ppe_deinit() replaces the NPU pointer with NULL via rcu_replace_pointer() but does not wait for existing RCU readers to exit before calling ppe_deinit() and airoha_npu_put(). This can cause a use-after-free if a reader in an RCU read-side critical section still holds a reference to the NPU when it is freed. The init path (airoha_ppe_init) already calls synchronize_rcu() after rcu_assign_pointer(), but the deinit path introduced in commit 6abcf751bc08 ("net: airoha: Fix schedule while atomic in airoha_ppe_deinit()") omitted the matching barrier when switching from rcu_read_lock()/rcu_dereference() to rcu_replace_pointer(). Add synchronize_rcu() before ppe_deinit() to ensure all existing RCU readers have completed before the NPU resources are released.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dpaa2-eth: put MAC endpoint device on disconnect fsl_mc_get_endpoint() returns the MAC endpoint device with a reference taken through device_find_child(). The Ethernet connect path stores that device in mac->mc_dev and keeps it for the lifetime of the connected MAC object. However, the disconnect path only disconnects and closes the MAC before freeing the dpaa2_mac object. It does not drop the endpoint device reference stored in mac->mc_dev, so every successful connect leaks that device reference when the MAC is later disconnected. Drop the endpoint device reference after closing the MAC and before freeing the dpaa2_mac object.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nfp: Check resource mutex allocation nfp_cpp_resource_find() allocates a CPP mutex handle for the matching resource-table entry and then reports success. nfp_resource_try_acquire() immediately passes that handle to nfp_cpp_mutex_trylock(). However, nfp_cpp_mutex_alloc() returns NULL on failure. If that happens for a matching table entry, the resource lookup still returns success and the following trylock dereferences a NULL mutex pointer while opening the resource. nfp_resource_acquire() already treats failure to allocate the table mutex as -ENOMEM. Do the same for the resource mutex and fail the lookup before publishing the rest of the resource handle. This issue was found by a static analysis checker and confirmed by manual source review.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wan: wanxl: Only reset hardware after BAR mapping wanxl_pci_init_one() stores the freshly allocated card in driver data before the PLX BAR is mapped. Several early probe failures then unwind through wanxl_pci_remove_one(), including failure to allocate the coherent status area or to restore the DMA mask. wanxl_pci_remove_one() unconditionally calls wanxl_reset(), and wanxl_reset() dereferences card->plx. On those early failures card->plx is still NULL, so the error path can dereference a NULL MMIO pointer. Only issue the hardware reset once the BAR mapping exists. The remaining cleanup in wanxl_pci_remove_one() already checks whether later resources were allocated. This issue was found by a static analysis checker and confirmed by manual source review.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iommu/amd: Bound the early ACPI HID map The ivrs_acpihid command-line parser appends entries to a fixed four-element early_acpihid_map array. Unlike the sibling IOAPIC and HPET parsers, it does not reject a fifth entry before incrementing the map size. Check the capacity at the common found label before parsing the HID and UID or writing the entry.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: txgbe: fix FDIR filter leak on remove Perfect FDIR filters can be added while the interface is down and are kept on the software list for later restore. unregister_netdev() only calls ndo_stop when the device is up, so txgbe_fdir_filter_exit() in txgbe_close() is skipped in that case and the filters are leaked on driver remove. Free the filter list from txgbe_remove() as well.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: pds_core: fix deadlock between reset thread and remove pci_reset_function() acquires device_lock before performing the reset. pdsc_remove() is called by the PCI core with device_lock already held. If pdsc_pci_reset_thread() is running when pdsc_remove() is called, destroy_workqueue() will block waiting for the work to complete, while the work is blocked waiting for device_lock - deadlock. Use pci_try_reset_function() which uses pci_dev_trylock() internally. This acquires both the device lock and the PCI config access lock without blocking - if either lock is contended, it returns -EAGAIN immediately. This avoids the deadlock while also ensuring proper config space access serialization during the reset. The pci_dev_get/put calls are also removed as they were unnecessary - the driver-owned workqueue is destroyed in pdsc_remove(), guaranteeing the work completes before remove returns. The PCI core holds its reference to pci_dev throughout the entire unbind sequence.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: pds_core: fix use-after-free on workqueue during remove In pdsc_remove(), the workqueue is destroyed before pdsc_teardown() is called. This ordering allows two paths to queue work on the destroyed workqueue: 1. If pdsc_teardown() -> pdsc_devcmd_reset() times out, the error path in pdsc_devcmd_locked() queues health_work. 2. A NotifyQ event can trigger the ISR and queue work before free_irq() is called in pdsc_teardown(). Fix by moving destroy_workqueue() after pdsc_teardown() so the workqueue outlives every queuer; destroy_workqueue() then flushes any work still pending. Draining the queued work also requires ordering the teardown so the resources that work touches are freed last: - In pdsc_qcq_free(), after freeing the interrupt, cancel_work_sync() the queue's work and only then clear qcq->intx, so pdsc_process_adminq()'s read of qcq->intx for interrupt-credit return cannot race with the clear. - Free adminqcq before notifyqcq: the shared adminq ISR is released when adminqcq is freed, and the adminq work accesses notifyqcq, so both must be stopped before notifyqcq is freed.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: cifs: fix cifsFileInfo leak on kmalloc failure in deferred close drain paths In cifs_close_deferred_file(), cifs_close_all_deferred_files(), and cifs_close_deferred_file_under_dentry(), when a pending deferred close is cancelled via cancel_delayed_work(), the subsequent kmalloc_obj() to add the file to the local processing list may fail under memory pressure. The loop breaks immediately, but the cancelled work is no longer pending (it would have called _cifsFileInfo_put()), and the cfile is never added to file_head for processing. The cifsFileInfo reference and the open server handle both leak. Fix by saving the cfile that failed allocation in a local variable, breaking as before, and calling _cifsFileInfo_put() on it after releasing the lock. Any files later in the iteration are unaffected since their deferred work is still pending and will fire normally.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: mt76: mt7915: guard HE capability lookups mt7915_mcu_bss_he_tlv() and mt7915_mcu_sta_bfer_tlv() both run after checking HE support, then dereference the HE PHY capability returned by mt76_connac_get_he_phy_cap(). That helper can return NULL when no capability entry matches the vif type. Fetch the capability before appending the TLV and skip the HE-specific setup when no matching capability is available.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: mt76: connac: fix possible NULL-pointer deref in mt76_connac_mcu_uni_bss_he_tlv() mt76_connac_get_he_phy_cap routine can theoretically return NULL so check cap pointer before dereferencing it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: mt76: mt7996: check pointer returned by mt76_connac_get_he_phy_cap() mt76_connac_get_he_phy_cap routine can theoretically return NULL so check cap pointer before dereferencing it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: mt76: mt7996: fix possible NULL-pointer deref in mt7996_mcu_sta_bfer_eht() mt76_connac_get_eht_phy_cap routine can theoretically return NULL so check cap pointer before dereferencing it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: wifi: brcmfmac: fix 802.1X-SHA256 call trace warning Based on wpa_auth as 1x_256 mode, need to set up "use_fwsup" with BRCMF_PROFILE_FWSUP_1X. Or it will happen trace warning when call brcmf_cfg80211_set_pmk(). [ 4481.831101] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 4481.831102] WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 2997 at drivers/net/wireless/broadcom/brcm80211/brcmfmac/cfg80211.c:7242 brcmf_cfg80211_set_pmk+0x77/0xd0 [brcmfmac] [...] [ 4481.831202] Call Trace: [ 4481.831204]  <TASK> [ 4481.831205]  nl80211_set_pmk+0x183/0x250 [cfg80211] [ 4481.831233]  genl_family_rcv_msg_doit+0xea/0x150 [ 4481.831237]  genl_rcv_msg+0x104/0x240 [ 4481.831239]  ? cfg80211_probe_status+0x2c0/0x2c0 [cfg80211] [ 4481.831257]  ? genl_family_rcv_msg_doit+0x150/0x150 [ 4481.831259]  netlink_rcv_skb+0x4e/0x100 [ 4481.831261]  genl_rcv+0x24/0x40 [ 4481.831262]  netlink_unicast+0x236/0x380 [ 4481.831264]  netlink_sendmsg+0x250/0x4b0 [ 4481.831266]  sock_sendmsg+0x5c/0x70 [ 4481.831269]  ____sys_sendmsg+0x236/0x2b0 [ 4481.831271]  ? copy_msghdr_from_user+0x6d/0xa0 [ 4481.831272]  ___sys_sendmsg+0x86/0xd0 [ 4481.831274]  ? avc_has_perm+0x8c/0x1a0 [ 4481.831276]  ? preempt_count_add+0x6a/0xa0 [ 4481.831279]  ? sock_has_perm+0x82/0xa0 [ 4481.831280]  __sys_sendmsg+0x57/0xa0 [ 4481.831282]  do_syscall_64+0x38/0x90 [ 4481.831284]  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd [ 4481.831286] RIP: 0033:0x7fd270d369b4

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: drm/vc4: hvs/v3d: Fix null dereference in unbind The hvs and v3d drivers use dev_get_drvdata(master) in their unbind functions. Since the vc4-drm gets removed before its dependent drivers (vc4_hvs/vc4_v3d) the vc4_hvs_unbind/vc4_v3d_unbind functions try to get drvdata of its master and fails with a null dereference error. Use the data pointer passed to the unbind functions directly instead of dev_get_drvdata(master). This avoids using potentially freed memory.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: hsr: fix memory leak on slave unregistration by removing synced VLANs When an HSR master device is brought UP, it auto-adds VLAN 0 via vlan_vid0_add(), which propagates VID 0 to its slave devices (slave A and B). If a slave device is later unregistered while HSR is active (e.g., during netns cleanup or interface destruction), hsr_del_port() is called to detach the slave port from the HSR master. However, hsr_del_port() currently does not delete the VLAN IDs that were synced to the slave device by HSR. As a result, the slave device retains a refcount on VID 0 (and any other synced VLANs). When the slave device is destroyed, its vlan_info / vlan_vid_info structure remains allocated, leading to a memory leak. Fix this by calling vlan_vids_del_by_dev(port->dev, master->dev) in hsr_del_port() before unlinking slave A or slave B ports, matching the propagation logic in hsr_ndo_vlan_rx_add_vid() / hsr_ndo_vlan_rx_kill_vid() and the cleanup behavior in bonding and team drivers.