Buffer Overflow
A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.
How It Works
A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions. This overwrites whatever data or code exists there, corrupting program state and potentially giving attackers control over execution flow.
Stack-based overflows are the most common variant. When a function allocates a fixed-size buffer on the stack and then copies user-controlled input without proper bounds checking, attackers can overflow past the buffer to overwrite the function's return address. When the function completes, instead of returning to legitimate code, execution jumps to attacker-specified memory containing malicious shellcode. Heap-based overflows work differently—they corrupt heap metadata like chunk size fields or free list pointers, leading to arbitrary memory writes when the allocator processes the corrupted structures.
Modern exploitation bypasses defensive mechanisms through techniques like Return-Oriented Programming (ROP), which chains together existing code snippets to avoid non-executable memory protections. Attackers may also use heap spraying to reliably position shellcode at predictable addresses, defeating address randomization.
Impact
- Remote code execution — attacker gains ability to run arbitrary commands with the privileges of the vulnerable process
- Privilege escalation — exploiting kernel or setuid program overflows to gain root/SYSTEM access
- Denial of service — crashes and memory corruption that render systems unusable
- Information disclosure — reading sensitive data from adjacent memory regions that should be inaccessible
- Authentication bypass — overwriting security-critical variables like permission flags or user IDs
Real-World Examples
Fortinet FortiOS suffered a critical buffer overflow (CVE-2025-32756) that allowed unauthenticated remote attackers to execute code as root on firewalls and VPN gateways. Attackers actively exploited this to compromise enterprise network perimeters before patches were available.
The Slammer worm from 2003 exploited a stack overflow in Microsoft SQL Server, spreading to 75,000 hosts in ten minutes by sending a single malformed UDP packet that overwrote the return address with shellcode. No authentication was required.
OpenSSH historically contained a heap overflow in challenge-response authentication that allowed pre-authentication remote root compromise on Unix systems, demonstrating how memory corruption in privileged network services creates maximum impact scenarios.
Mitigation
- Memory-safe languages — Rust, Go, and modern managed languages prevent buffer overflows by design through automatic bounds checking
- Stack canaries — random values placed before return addresses that detect corruption before control transfer
- Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) — randomizes memory locations making exploitation less reliable
- Data Execution Prevention (DEP/NX) — marks memory regions as non-executable, preventing direct shellcode execution
- Bounds checking — validate input sizes before copying, use safe functions like
strncpyinstead ofstrcpy - Fuzzing and static analysis — automated testing to discover overflows before deployment
Recent CVEs (36785)
AllegroSoft RomPager 4.34 and earlier, as used in Huawei Home Gateway products and other vendors and products, allows remote attackers to gain privileges via a crafted cookie that triggers memory. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 86.4%.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the jp2_decode function in JasPer 1.900.1 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via a crafted JPEG. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
drivers/misc/qseecom.c in the QSEECOM driver for the Linux kernel 3.x, as used in Qualcomm Innovation Center (QuIC) Android contributions for MSM devices and other products, does not validate certain. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.2), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
Buffer overflow in AClient in Symantec Deployment Solution 6.9 and earlier on Windows XP and Server 2003 allows local users to gain privileges via unspecified vectors. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.2), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Multiple stack-based buffer overflows in ntpd in NTP before 4.2.8 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted packet, related to (1) the crypto_recv function when the Autokey. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 57.3%.
The parse_request function in request.c in c-icap 0.2.x allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via a URI without a " " or "?" character in an ICAP request, as demonstrated by. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
The dissector_cvs function in dissectors/ec_cvs.c in Ettercap 0.8.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via a packet containing only a CVS_LOGIN signature. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The radius_get_attribute function in dissectors/ec_radius.c in Ettercap 0.8.1 performs an incorrect cast, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) or possibly execute. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the nbns_spoof function in plug-ins/nbns_spoof/nbns_spoof.c in Ettercap 0.8.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly execute arbitrary code via. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Integer underflow in Ettercap 0.8.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds write) and possibly execute arbitrary code via a small (1) size variable value in the. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The dissector_postgresql function in dissectors/ec_postgresql.c in Ettercap before 0.8.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service and possibly execute arbitrary code via a crafted. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the dissector_postgresql function in dissectors/ec_postgresql.c in Ettercap before 0.8.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly execute. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 26.6%.
Buffer overflow on the Allied Telesis AR440S, AR441S, AR442S, AR745, AR750S, AR750S-DP, AT-8624POE, AT-8624T/2M, AT-8648T/2SP, AT-8748XL, AT-8848, AT-9816GB, AT-9924T, AT-9924Ts, CentreCOM AR415S,. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Heap-based buffer overflow in PCRE 8.36 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) or have other unspecified impact via a crafted regular expression, related to an. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Integer overflow in RPM 4.12 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted CPIO header in the payload section of an RPM file, which triggers a stack-based buffer. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 11.8% and no vendor patch available.
The handle_headers function in mod_proxy_fcgi.c in the mod_proxy_fcgi module in the Apache HTTP Server 2.4.10 allows remote FastCGI servers to cause a denial of service (buffer over-read and daemon. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 41.8% and no vendor patch available.
Multiple stack-based buffer overflows in (1) HWOPOSScale.ocx and (2) HWOPOSSCANNER.ocx in Honeywell OPOS Suite before 1.13.4.15 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted file. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 17.1% and no vendor patch available.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the K7Sentry.sys kernel mode driver (aka K7AV Sentry Device Driver) before 12.8.0.119, as used in multiple K7 Computing products, allows local users to execute. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.2), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the K7FWFilt.sys kernel mode driver (aka K7Firewall Packet Driver) before 14.0.1.16, as used in multiple K7 Computing products, allows local users to execute arbitrary. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.2), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the .NET Data Provider in SAP SQL Anywhere allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted column alias. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the mozilla::FileBlockCache::Read function in Mozilla Firefox before 34.0, Firefox ESR 31.x before 31.3, Thunderbird before 31.3, and SeaMonkey before 2.31 allows. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
Multiple unspecified vulnerabilities in the browser engine in Mozilla Firefox before 34.0 and SeaMonkey before 2.31 allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
Multiple unspecified vulnerabilities in the browser engine in Mozilla Firefox before 34.0, Firefox ESR 31.x before 31.3, Thunderbird before 31.3, and SeaMonkey before 2.31 allow remote attackers to. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 through 8 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 24.0% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 24.0% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 8 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 24.3% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 22.8% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 10 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 24.0% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 9 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 29.7% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 and 7 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 16.4% and no vendor patch available.
vbscript.dll in Microsoft VBScript 5.6 through 5.8, as used with Internet Explorer 6 through 11 and other products, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 26.8%.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 9 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 16.4% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 20.9% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 24.0% and no vendor patch available.
Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.259 and 14.x through 16.x before 16.0.0.235 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.425 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Stack-based buffer overflow in Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.259 and 14.x and 15.x before 15.0.0.246 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.425 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Actively exploited in the wild (cisa kev) and no vendor patch available.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.13 and 11.x before 11.0.10 on Windows and OS X allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 27.5% and no vendor patch available.
Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.13 and 11.x before 11.0.10 on Windows and OS X allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 13.5% and no vendor patch available.
Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.13 and 11.x before 11.0.10 on Windows and OS X allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 17.2% and no vendor patch available.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.13 and 11.x before 11.0.10 on Windows and OS X allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 30.1% and no vendor patch available.
Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.13 and 11.x before 11.0.10 on Windows and OS X allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 17.2% and no vendor patch available.
Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.13 and 11.x before 11.0.10 on Windows and OS X allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 17.2% and no vendor patch available.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.13 and 11.x before 11.0.10 on Windows and OS X allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors, a different. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 23.0% and no vendor patch available.
Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.13 and 11.x before 11.0.10 on Windows and OS X allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 17.2% and no vendor patch available.
Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.13 and 11.x before 11.0.10 on Windows and OS X allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 17.2% and no vendor patch available.
Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.13 and 11.x before 11.0.10 on Windows and OS X allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 22.2% and no vendor patch available.
Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.13 and 11.x before 11.0.10 on Windows and OS X allow attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 17.2% and no vendor patch available.
WebKit, as used in Apple Safari before 6.2.1, 7.x before 7.1.1, and 8.x before 8.0.1, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable.
WebKit, as used in Apple Safari before 6.2.1, 7.x before 7.1.1, and 8.x before 8.0.1, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable.
WebKit, as used in Apple Safari before 6.2.1, 7.x before 7.1.1, and 8.x before 8.0.1, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable.
WebKit, as used in Apple Safari before 6.2.1, 7.x before 7.1.1, and 8.x before 8.0.1, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable.
WebKit, as used in Apple Safari before 6.2.1, 7.x before 7.1.1, and 8.x before 8.0.1, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable.
WebKit, as used in Apple Safari before 6.2.1, 7.x before 7.1.1, and 8.x before 8.0.1, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable.
WebKit, as used in Apple Safari before 6.2.1, 7.x before 7.1.1, and 8.x before 8.0.1, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable.
WebKit, as used in Apple Safari before 6.2.1, 7.x before 7.1.1, and 8.x before 8.0.1, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable.
WebKit, as used in Apple Safari before 6.2.1, 7.x before 7.1.1, and 8.x before 8.0.1, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity.
Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.259 and 14.x through 16.x before 16.0.0.235 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.425 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 10.8% and no vendor patch available.
X.Org Server (aka xserver and xorg-server) 1.15.0 through 1.16.x before 1.16.3 allows remote authenticated users to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read or write) or possibly execute. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
The SProcXFixesSelectSelectionInput function in the XFixes extension in X.Org X Window System (aka X11 or X) X11R6.8.0 and X.Org Server (aka xserver and xorg-server) before 1.16.3 allows remote. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
The RandR extension in XFree86 4.2.0, X.Org X Window System (aka X11 or X) X11R6.7, and X.Org Server (aka xserver and xorg-server) before 1.16.3 allows remote authenticated users to cause a denial of. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
The Render extension in XFree86 4.0.1, X.Org X Window System (aka X11 or X) X11R6.7, and X.Org Server (aka xserver and xorg-server) before 1.16.3 allows remote authenticated users to cause a denial. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
The XVideo extension in XFree86 4.0.0, X.Org X Window System (aka X11 or X) X11R6.7, and X.Org Server (aka xserver and xorg-server) before 1.16.3 allows remote authenticated users to cause a denial. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
The GLX extension in XFree86 4.0, X.Org X Window System (aka X11 or X) X11R6.7, and X.Org Server (aka xserver and xorg-server) before 1.16.3 allows remote authenticated users to cause a denial of. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
The DBE extension in X.Org X Window System (aka X11 or X) X11R6.1 and X.Org Server (aka xserver and xorg-server) before 1.16.3 allows remote authenticated users to cause a denial of service. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
The SProcXCMiscGetXIDList function in the XC-MISC extension in X.Org X Window System (aka X11 or X) X11R6.0 and X.Org Server (aka xserver and xorg-server) before 1.16.3 allows remote authenticated. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
The XInput extension in X.Org X Window System (aka X11 or X) X11R4 and X.Org Server (aka xserver and xorg-server) before 1.16.3 allows remote authenticated users to cause a denial of service. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Integer overflow in the ProcDRI2GetBuffers function in the DRI2 extension in X.Org Server (aka xserver and xorg-server) 1.7.0 through 1.16.x before 1.16.3 allows remote authenticated users to cause a. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity.
Multiple integer overflows in the GLX extension in XFree86 4.0, X.Org X Window System (aka X11 or X) X11R6.7, and X.Org Server (aka xserver and xorg-server) before 1.16.3 allow remote authenticated. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity.
Multiple integer overflows in X.Org X Window System (aka X11 or X) X11R1 and X.Org Server (aka xserver and xorg-server) before 1.16.3 allow remote authenticated users to cause a denial of service. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity.
The ff_hevc_decode_nal_sps function in libavcodec/hevc_ps.c in FFMpeg before 2.1.6, 2.2.x through 2.3.x, and 2.4.x before 2.4.4 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The raw_decode function in libavcodec/rawdec.c in FFMpeg before 2.1.6, 2.2.x through 2.3.x, and 2.4.x before 2.4.4 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds heap access) and. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The decode_ihdr_chunk function in libavcodec/pngdec.c in FFMpeg before 2.1.6, 2.2.x through 2.3.x, and 2.4.x before 2.4.4 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds heap. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The mjpeg_decode_app function in libavcodec/mjpegdec.c in FFMpeg before 2.1.6, 2.2.x through 2.3.x, and 2.4.x before 2.4.4 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds heap. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
UnRTF allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds memory access and crash) and possibly execute arbitrary code via a crafted RTF file. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
UnRTF allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) and possibly execute arbitrary code as demonstrated by a file containing the string "{\cb-999999999". Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the srec_scan function in bfd/srec.c in GNU binutils 2.24 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) and possibly have other unspecified. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the ihex_scan function in bfd/ihex.c in GNU binutils 2.24 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) and possibly have other unspecified. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 12.7%.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the pe_print_edata function in bfd/peXXigen.c in GNU binutils 2.24 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) and possibly have other. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 10.7%.
The _bfd_XXi_swap_aouthdr_in function in bfd/peXXigen.c in GNU binutils 2.24 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds write) and possibly have other unspecified. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
The srec_scan function in bfd/srec.c in libdbfd in GNU binutils before 2.25 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via a small S-record. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
lib/handle.c in Hivex before 1.3.11 allows local users to execute arbitrary code and gain privileges via a small hive files, which triggers an out-of-bounds read or write. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.6), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the PTC IsoView ActiveX control allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted ViewPort property value. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the BackupToAvi method in the CNC_Ctrl ActiveX control in Samsung SmartViewer allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Multiple buffer overflows in the PocketNetNVRMediaClientAxCtrl.NVRMediaViewer.1 control in 3S Pocketnet Tech VMS allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted string to the (1). Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
Multiple off-by-one errors in the (1) jpc_dec_cp_setfromcox and (2) jpc_dec_cp_setfromrgn functions in jpc/jpc_dec.c in JasPer 1.900.1 and earlier allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 32.6% and no vendor patch available.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Cirrus VGA emulator (hw/display/cirrus_vga.c) in QEMU before 2.2.0 allows local guest users to execute arbitrary code via vectors related to blit regions. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.6), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Buffer overflow in Hikvision DVR DS-7204 Firmware 2.2.10 build 131009, and other models and versions, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via an RTSP PLAY request with a long. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 78.6%.
Buffer overflow in the ppp_hdlc function in print-ppp.c in tcpdump 4.6.2 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) cia a crafted PPP packet. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
Buffer overflow in the bGetPPS function in wordole.c in Antiword 0.37 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via a crafted document. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
GNU C Library (aka glibc) before 2.20 allows context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read and crash) via a multibyte character value of "0xffff" to the iconv function. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.