Buffer Overflow
A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.
How It Works
A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions. This overwrites whatever data or code exists there, corrupting program state and potentially giving attackers control over execution flow.
Stack-based overflows are the most common variant. When a function allocates a fixed-size buffer on the stack and then copies user-controlled input without proper bounds checking, attackers can overflow past the buffer to overwrite the function's return address. When the function completes, instead of returning to legitimate code, execution jumps to attacker-specified memory containing malicious shellcode. Heap-based overflows work differently—they corrupt heap metadata like chunk size fields or free list pointers, leading to arbitrary memory writes when the allocator processes the corrupted structures.
Modern exploitation bypasses defensive mechanisms through techniques like Return-Oriented Programming (ROP), which chains together existing code snippets to avoid non-executable memory protections. Attackers may also use heap spraying to reliably position shellcode at predictable addresses, defeating address randomization.
Impact
- Remote code execution — attacker gains ability to run arbitrary commands with the privileges of the vulnerable process
- Privilege escalation — exploiting kernel or setuid program overflows to gain root/SYSTEM access
- Denial of service — crashes and memory corruption that render systems unusable
- Information disclosure — reading sensitive data from adjacent memory regions that should be inaccessible
- Authentication bypass — overwriting security-critical variables like permission flags or user IDs
Real-World Examples
Fortinet FortiOS suffered a critical buffer overflow (CVE-2025-32756) that allowed unauthenticated remote attackers to execute code as root on firewalls and VPN gateways. Attackers actively exploited this to compromise enterprise network perimeters before patches were available.
The Slammer worm from 2003 exploited a stack overflow in Microsoft SQL Server, spreading to 75,000 hosts in ten minutes by sending a single malformed UDP packet that overwrote the return address with shellcode. No authentication was required.
OpenSSH historically contained a heap overflow in challenge-response authentication that allowed pre-authentication remote root compromise on Unix systems, demonstrating how memory corruption in privileged network services creates maximum impact scenarios.
Mitigation
- Memory-safe languages — Rust, Go, and modern managed languages prevent buffer overflows by design through automatic bounds checking
- Stack canaries — random values placed before return addresses that detect corruption before control transfer
- Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) — randomizes memory locations making exploitation less reliable
- Data Execution Prevention (DEP/NX) — marks memory regions as non-executable, preventing direct shellcode execution
- Bounds checking — validate input sizes before copying, use safe functions like
strncpyinstead ofstrcpy - Fuzzing and static analysis — automated testing to discover overflows before deployment
Recent CVEs (36785)
Microsoft Internet Explorer 10 and 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Memory Corruption Vulnerability.". Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 16.3% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 8 through 11 and Edge allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Memory Corruption. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 22.8% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 7 through 11 and Edge allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Memory Corruption. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 22.8% and no vendor patch available.
Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.199, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.199. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.199, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.199. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.199, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.199. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 46.1%.
Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.199, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.199. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 46.1%.
Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.199, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.199. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 46.1%.
Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.199, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.199. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 46.1%.
Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.199, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.199. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 46.1%.
Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.199, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.199. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 46.1%.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.199, and Adobe AIR. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity.
Buffer overflow in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.199, and Adobe AIR SDK &. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 71.5%.
Buffer overflow in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.199, and Adobe AIR SDK &. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 71.5%.
Buffer overflow in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.199, and Adobe AIR SDK &. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 71.5%.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.199, and Adobe AIR. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity.
Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.232 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.508 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.199, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.199, and Adobe AIR SDK & Compiler before 18.0.0.199. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the handle_debug_network function in the manager in Websense Content Gateway before 8.0.0 HF02 allows remote administrators to cause a denial of service (crash) via a. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the IDE subsystem in QEMU, as used in Xen 4.5.x and earlier, when the container has a CDROM drive enabled, allows local guest users to execute arbitrary code on the host. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.2), this vulnerability is low attack complexity.
Buffer overflow in the Solaris kernel extension in OpenAFS before 1.6.13 allows local users to cause a denial of service (panic or deadlock) or possibly have other unspecified impact via a large. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.6), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The pioctl for the OSD FS command in OpenAFS before 1.6.13 uses the wrong pointer when writing the results of the RPC, which allows local users to cause a denial of service (memory corruption and. Rated low severity (CVSS 2.1), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The stringprep_utf8_to_ucs4 function in libin before 1.31, as used in jabberd2, allows context-dependent attackers to read system memory and possibly have other unspecified impact via invalid UTF-8. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Buffer overflow in the skip-scan optimization in SQLite 3.8.2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via crafted SQL statements. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
The ParseValue function in lexer.c in tidy before 4.9.31 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via vectors involving multiple whitespace characters before an empty href, which. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the ParseValue function in lexer.c in tidy before 4.9.31 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via vectors involving a command character in an. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Integer overflow in the gs_heap_alloc_bytes function in base/gsmalloc.c in Ghostscript 9.15 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via a crafted Postscript (ps). Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
Integer signedness error in the SharedBufferManagerParent::RecvAllocateGrallocBuffer function in the buffer-management implementation in the graphics layer in Mozilla Firefox OS before 2.2 might. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The web-server component in MNS before 4.5.6 on Belden GarrettCom Magnum 6K and Magnum 10K switches allows remote authenticated users to cause a denial of service (memory corruption and reboot) via a. Rated low severity (CVSS 3.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the server in IBM Tivoli Storage Manager FastBack 6.1 before 6.1.12.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted packet, a different vulnerability. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 23.1%.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the server in IBM Tivoli Storage Manager FastBack 6.1 before 6.1.12.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted packet, a different vulnerability. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 23.1%.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the server in IBM Tivoli Storage Manager FastBack 6.1 before 6.1.12.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted packet, a different vulnerability. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 23.1%.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the server in IBM Tivoli Storage Manager FastBack 6.1 before 6.1.12.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted packet, a different vulnerability. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 23.3%.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the server in IBM Tivoli Storage Manager FastBack 6.1 before 6.1.12.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted packet, a different vulnerability. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 23.3%.
The print_option function in dhcp-common.c in dhcpcd through 6.9.1, as used in dhcp.c in dhcpcd 5.x in Android before 5.1 and other products, misinterprets the return value of the snprintf function,. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
The get_option function in dhcp.c in dhcpcd before 6.2.0, as used in dhcpcd 5.x in Android before 5.1 and other products, does not validate the relationship between length fields and the amount of. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
The kernel extension in Cisco AnyConnect Secure Mobility Client 4.0(2049) on OS X allows local users to cause a denial of service (panic) via vectors involving contiguous memory locations, aka Bug ID. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.9), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The ff_mjpeg_decode_sof function in libavcodec/mjpegdec.c in FFmpeg before 2.5.4 does not validate the number of components in a JPEG-LS Start Of Frame segment, which allows remote attackers to cause. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
Multiple integer overflows in the XML_GetBuffer function in Expat through 2.1.0, as used in Google Chrome before 44.0.2403.89 and other products, allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
SkPictureShader.cpp in Skia, as used in Google Chrome before 44.0.2403.89, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption) or possibly have unspecified other impact by. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Integer overflow in the CJBig2_Image::expand function in fxcodec/jbig2/JBig2_Image.cpp in PDFium, as used in Google Chrome before 44.0.2403.89, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Heap-based buffer overflow in j2k.c in OpenJPEG before r3002, as used in PDFium in Google Chrome before 44.0.2403.89, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly have unspecified. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
PDFium, as used in Google Chrome before 44.0.2403.89, does not properly handle certain out-of-memory conditions, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
The FileInfo plugin before 2.22 for Ghisler Total Commander allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read and application crash) via (1) a large Size value in the Archive. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Adobe Flash Player before 13.0.0.302 and 14.x through 18.x before 18.0.0.203 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.481 on Linux, Adobe AIR before 18.0.0.180, Adobe AIR SDK before 18.0.0.180, and. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 11.4% and no vendor patch available.
Buffer underflow in atmfd.dll in the Windows Adobe Type Manager Library in Microsoft Windows Vista SP2, Windows Server 2008 SP2 and R2 SP1, Windows 7 SP1, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Actively exploited in the wild (cisa kev) and public exploit code available.
Multiple stack-based buffer overflows in the SafeShellExecute method in the NetIQExecObject.NetIQExec.1 ActiveX control in NetIQExec.dll in NetIQ Security Solutions for iSeries 8.1 allow remote. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. No vendor patch available.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the xl command line utility in Xen 4.1.x through 4.5.x allows local guest administrators to gain privileges via a long configuration argument. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity.
Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.15 and 11.x before 11.0.12, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30060, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 2015.008.20082. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Stack-based buffer overflow in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.15 and 11.x before 11.0.12, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30060, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. This Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability could allow attackers to write data beyond allocated buffer boundaries leading to code execution or crashes.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.15 and 11.x before 11.0.12, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30060, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability could allow attackers to write data beyond allocated buffer boundaries leading to code execution or crashes.
Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.15 and 11.x before 11.0.12, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30060, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 2015.008.20082. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.15 and 11.x before 11.0.12, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30060, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 2015.008.20082. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.15 and 11.x before 11.0.12, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30060, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 2015.008.20082. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.15 and 11.x before 11.0.12, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30060, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 2015.008.20082. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.15 and 11.x before 11.0.12, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30060, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability could allow attackers to write data beyond allocated buffer boundaries leading to code execution or crashes.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.15 and 11.x before 11.0.12, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30060, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability could allow attackers to write data beyond allocated buffer boundaries leading to code execution or crashes.
Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.15 and 11.x before 11.0.12, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30060, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 2015.008.20082. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Buffer overflow in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.15 and 11.x before 11.0.12, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30060, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Buffer Copy without Size Check vulnerability could allow attackers to overflow a buffer to corrupt adjacent memory.
Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.15 and 11.x before 11.0.12, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30060, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 2015.008.20082. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Reader and Acrobat 10.x before 10.1.15 and 11.x before 11.0.12, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 2015.006.30060, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 2015.008.20082. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Shockwave Player before 12.1.9.159 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Shockwave Player before 12.1.9.159 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors, a different vulnerability than. Rated critical severity (CVSS 10.0), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
The Adobe Type Manager Font Driver (ATMFD.DLL) in Windows contains a memory corruption vulnerability that allows local privilege escalation, exploited by the Duqu 2.0 malware in targeted attacks against diplomatic entities.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Actively exploited in the wild (cisa kev) and EPSS exploitation probability 34.1%.
Microsoft PowerPoint 2007 SP3, Word 2007 SP3, PowerPoint 2010 SP2, Word 2010 SP2, PowerPoint 2013 SP1, Word 2013 SP1, and PowerPoint 2013 RT SP1 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Actively exploited in the wild (cisa kev) and EPSS exploitation probability 76.5%.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 28.1% and no vendor patch available.
JScript 9 in Microsoft Internet Explorer 10 and 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "JScript9 Memory. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Actively exploited in the wild (cisa kev) and public exploit code available.
Microsoft Excel 2007 SP3, Excel 2010 SP2, Excel 2013 SP1, Excel 2013 RT SP1, and Office Compatibility Pack SP3 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 37.5% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 10 and 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 28.1% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 9 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 18.3% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 28.1% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 28.1% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 8 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 28.1% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 9 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 28.1% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 28.1% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 9 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 28.1% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 28.1% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 10 and 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 28.1% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 8 and 9 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 28.1% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 28.1% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 28.1% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 26.0% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Word 2007 SP3, Office 2010 SP2, Word 2010 SP2, Word 2013 SP1, and Word 2013 RT SP1 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 31.3% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Word 2007 SP3, Office 2010 SP2, Word 2010 SP2, Word 2013 SP1, Word 2013 RT SP1, Office for Mac 2011, and Word Viewer allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 31.3% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Excel 2007 SP3, Excel 2010 SP2, Excel 2013 SP1, Excel 2013 RT SP1, and Office Compatibility Pack SP3 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 37.5% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Excel 2007 SP3, Excel 2010 SP2, Excel 2013 SP1, Excel 2013 RT SP1, Office for Mac 2011, Excel Viewer 2007 SP3, Office Compatibility Pack SP3, Excel Services on SharePoint Server 2007 SP3,. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 37.5% and no vendor patch available.
vbscript.dll in Microsoft VBScript 5.6 through 5.8, as used with Internet Explorer 6 through 11 and other products, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 16.3% and no vendor patch available.
Hyper-V in Microsoft Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 does not properly initialize guest OS system data structures, which allows guest OS users to execute arbitrary code on the host OS or cause. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.2), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 9 through 11 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 18.1% and no vendor patch available.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 8 and 9 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. Epss exploitation probability 28.1% and no vendor patch available.