Buffer Overflow
A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.
How It Works
A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions. This overwrites whatever data or code exists there, corrupting program state and potentially giving attackers control over execution flow.
Stack-based overflows are the most common variant. When a function allocates a fixed-size buffer on the stack and then copies user-controlled input without proper bounds checking, attackers can overflow past the buffer to overwrite the function's return address. When the function completes, instead of returning to legitimate code, execution jumps to attacker-specified memory containing malicious shellcode. Heap-based overflows work differently—they corrupt heap metadata like chunk size fields or free list pointers, leading to arbitrary memory writes when the allocator processes the corrupted structures.
Modern exploitation bypasses defensive mechanisms through techniques like Return-Oriented Programming (ROP), which chains together existing code snippets to avoid non-executable memory protections. Attackers may also use heap spraying to reliably position shellcode at predictable addresses, defeating address randomization.
Impact
- Remote code execution — attacker gains ability to run arbitrary commands with the privileges of the vulnerable process
- Privilege escalation — exploiting kernel or setuid program overflows to gain root/SYSTEM access
- Denial of service — crashes and memory corruption that render systems unusable
- Information disclosure — reading sensitive data from adjacent memory regions that should be inaccessible
- Authentication bypass — overwriting security-critical variables like permission flags or user IDs
Real-World Examples
Fortinet FortiOS suffered a critical buffer overflow (CVE-2025-32756) that allowed unauthenticated remote attackers to execute code as root on firewalls and VPN gateways. Attackers actively exploited this to compromise enterprise network perimeters before patches were available.
The Slammer worm from 2003 exploited a stack overflow in Microsoft SQL Server, spreading to 75,000 hosts in ten minutes by sending a single malformed UDP packet that overwrote the return address with shellcode. No authentication was required.
OpenSSH historically contained a heap overflow in challenge-response authentication that allowed pre-authentication remote root compromise on Unix systems, demonstrating how memory corruption in privileged network services creates maximum impact scenarios.
Mitigation
- Memory-safe languages — Rust, Go, and modern managed languages prevent buffer overflows by design through automatic bounds checking
- Stack canaries — random values placed before return addresses that detect corruption before control transfer
- Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) — randomizes memory locations making exploitation less reliable
- Data Execution Prevention (DEP/NX) — marks memory regions as non-executable, preventing direct shellcode execution
- Bounds checking — validate input sizes before copying, use safe functions like
strncpyinstead ofstrcpy - Fuzzing and static analysis — automated testing to discover overflows before deployment
Recent CVEs (36784)
Adobe Reader and Acrobat before 11.0.18, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 15.006.30243, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 15.020.20039 on Windows and OS X allow. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Reader and Acrobat before 11.0.18, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 15.006.30243, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 15.020.20039 on Windows and OS X allow. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Reader and Acrobat before 11.0.18, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 15.006.30243, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 15.020.20039 on Windows and OS X allow. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Reader and Acrobat before 11.0.18, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 15.006.30243, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 15.020.20039 on Windows and OS X allow. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Reader and Acrobat before 11.0.18, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 15.006.30243, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 15.020.20039 on Windows and OS X allow. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Reader and Acrobat before 11.0.18, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 15.006.30243, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 15.020.20039 on Windows and OS X allow. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Reader and Acrobat before 11.0.18, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 15.006.30243, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 15.020.20039 on Windows and OS X allow. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Reader and Acrobat before 11.0.18, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 15.006.30243, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 15.020.20039 on Windows and OS X allow. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Reader and Acrobat before 11.0.18, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 15.006.30243, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 15.020.20039 on Windows and OS X allow. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Adobe Reader and Acrobat before 11.0.18, Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Classic before 15.006.30243, and Acrobat and Acrobat Reader DC Continuous before 15.020.20039 on. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Adobe Flash Player before 18.0.0.382 and 19.x through 23.x before 23.0.0.185 on Windows and OS X and before 11.2.202.637 on Linux allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 54.8%.
SAP SLD Registration Program (aka SLDREG) allows local users to cause a denial of service (memory corruption and process termination) via a crafted HOST parameter, aka SAP Security Note 2125623. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The mptsas_process_scsi_io_request function in QEMU (aka Quick Emulator), when built with LSI SAS1068 Host Bus emulation support, allows local guest OS administrators to cause a denial of service. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.4), this vulnerability is low attack complexity.
sound/soc/msm/qdsp6v2/msm-ds2-dap-config.c in a Qualcomm QDSP6v2 driver in Android before 2016-10-05 allows attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly have unspecified other impact via a. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Off-by-one error in CORE/HDD/src/wlan_hdd_cfg.c in the Qualcomm Wi-Fi driver in Android before 2016-10-05 on Nexus 5X and Android One devices allows attackers to gain privileges or cause a denial of. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Off-by-one error in CORE/HDD/src/wlan_hdd_hostapd.c in the Qualcomm Wi-Fi driver in Android before 2016-10-05 on Nexus 5X and Android One devices allows attackers to gain privileges or cause a denial. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
drivers/soc/qcom/qdsp6v2/voice_svc.c in the QDSP6v2 Voice Service driver for the Linux kernel 3.x, as used in Qualcomm Innovation Center (QuIC) Android contributions for MSM devices and other. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Copy without Size Check vulnerability could allow attackers to overflow a buffer to corrupt adjacent memory.
Multiple integer overflows in drivers/crypto/msm/qcedev.c in the Qualcomm cryptographic engine driver in Android before 2016-10-05 on Nexus 5X, Nexus 6, Nexus 6P, and Android One devices allow. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity.
drivers/media/platform/msm/camera_v2/sensor/io/msm_camera_cci_i2c.c in the Qualcomm camera driver in Android before 2016-10-05 on Nexus 5, Nexus 5X, Nexus 6, Nexus 6P, and Android One devices relies. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
camera/src/camera_metadata.c in the Camera service in Android 4.x before 4.4.4, 5.0.x before 5.0.2, 5.1.x before 5.1.1, 6.x before 2016-10-01, and 7.0 before 2016-10-01 allows attackers to gain. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Multiple integer overflows in drivers/crypto/msm/qcedev.c in the Qualcomm cryptographic engine driver in Android before 2016-10-05 on Nexus 5X, Nexus 6, Nexus 6P, and Android One devices allow. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity.
Multiple integer overflows in the (1) curl_escape, (2) curl_easy_escape, (3) curl_unescape, and (4) curl_easy_unescape functions in libcurl before 7.50.3 allow attackers to have unspecified impact. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Buffer overflow in the Overlay Transport Virtualization (OTV) GRE feature in Cisco NX-OS 5.0 through 7.3 on Nexus 7000 and 7700 devices allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via long. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 26.1% and no vendor patch available.
The FTP service in Cisco AsyncOS on Email Security Appliance (ESA) devices 9.6.0-000 through 9.9.6-026, Web Security Appliance (WSA) devices 9.0.0-162 through 9.5.0-444, and Content Security. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. No vendor patch available.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the .receive callback of xlnx.xps-ethernetlite in QEMU (aka Quick Emulator) allows attackers to execute arbitrary code on the QEMU host via a large ethlite packet. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 16.7%.
Buffer overflow in the DBD::mysql module before 4.037 for Perl allows context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via vectors related to an error message. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity.
Buffer overflow in the Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE) module in Huawei USG2100, USG2200, USG5100, and USG5500 unified security gateways with software before V300R001C10SPC600, when. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The read_image_tga function in gd_tga.c in the GD Graphics Library (aka libgd) before 2.2.3 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via a crafted TGA image. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity.
The OneLine32 function in io-ico.c in gdk-pixbuf before 2.35.3 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds write and crash) via crafted dimensions in an ICO file. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the extractTree function in unADF allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a long pathname. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 27.7%.
The TIFFWriteDirectoryTagLongLong8Array function in tif_dirwrite.c in the tiffset tool in LibTIFF 4.0.6 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The tagCompare function in tif_dirinfo.c in the thumbnail tool in LibTIFF 4.0.6 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via vectors related to field_tag. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The setrow function in the thumbnail tool in LibTIFF 4.0.6 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via vectors related to the src variable. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The (1) cpStrips and (2) cpTiles functions in the thumbnail tool in LibTIFF 4.0.6 and earlier allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via vectors related to the. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
tif_read.c in the tiff2bw tool in LibTIFF 4.0.6 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via a crafted TIFF image. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The cvtClump function in the rgb2ycbcr tool in LibTIFF 4.0.6 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds write) by setting the "-v" option to -1. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
The LZWEncode function in tif_lzw.c in the bmp2tiff tool in LibTIFF 4.0.6 and earlier, when the "-c lzw" option is used, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (buffer over-read) via a. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The ZIPEncode function in tif_zip.c in the bmp2tiff tool in LibTIFF 4.0.6 and earlier, when the "-c zip" option is used, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (buffer over-read) via a. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
The DumpModeEncode function in tif_dumpmode.c in the bmp2tiff tool in LibTIFF 4.0.6 and earlier, when the "-c none" option is used, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (buffer. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the ares_create_query function in c-ares 1.x before 1.12.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds write) or possibly execute arbitrary code. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 18.2% and no vendor patch available.
Integer overflow in the gdImageWebpCtx function in gd_webp.c in the GD Graphics Library (aka libgd) through 2.2.3, as used in PHP through 7.0.11, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity.
The format_send_to_gui function in the format parsing code in Irssi before 0.8.20 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap corruption and crash) via vectors involving the length of. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
The unformat_24bit_color function in the format parsing code in Irssi before 0.8.20, when compiled with true-color enabled, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap corruption and. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
The certificate parser in OpenSSL before 1.0.1u and 1.0.2 before 1.0.2i might allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via crafted certificate operations, related to. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required.
The parse_string function in cjson.c in the cJSON library mishandles UTF8/16 strings, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) or execute arbitrary code via a non-hex. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
Apple Type Services (ATS) in Apple OS X before 10.12 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted font file. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The kernel in Apple iOS before 10, OS X before 10.12, tvOS before 10, and watchOS before 3 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in a privileged context or cause a denial of service (memory. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The kernel in Apple iOS before 10, OS X before 10.12, tvOS before 10, and watchOS before 3 allows attackers to obtain sensitive memory-layout information or cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.1), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The kernel in Apple OS X before 10.12, tvOS before 10, and watchOS before 3 allows local users to gain privileges or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via unspecified vectors. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The kernel in Apple iOS before 10, OS X before 10.12, tvOS before 10, and watchOS before 3 allows attackers to obtain sensitive memory-layout information or cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.1), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The kernel in Apple iOS before 10, OS X before 10.12, tvOS before 10, and watchOS before 3 allows attackers to obtain sensitive memory-layout information or cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.1), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
WebKit in Apple iTunes before 12.5.1 on Windows and Safari before 10 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) via a. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
WebKit in Apple iOS before 10, tvOS before 10, iTunes before 12.5.1 on Windows, and Safari before 10 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption). Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
WebKit in Apple iOS before 10, tvOS before 10, iTunes before 12.5.1 on Windows, and Safari before 10 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption). Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
WebKit in Apple iOS before 10, tvOS before 10, iTunes before 12.5.1 on Windows, and Safari before 10 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption). Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
WebKit in Apple iOS before 10, tvOS before 10, iTunes before 12.5.1 on Windows, and Safari before 10 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption). Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
WebKit in Apple iOS before 10, iTunes before 12.5.1 on Windows, iCloud before 6.0 on Windows, and Safari before 10 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
WebKit in Apple iOS before 10, tvOS before 10, iTunes before 12.5.1 on Windows, and Safari before 10 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption). Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
S2 Camera in Apple iOS before 10 and OS X before 10.12 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in a privileged context or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted app. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
libxslt in Apple iOS before 10, OS X before 10.12, tvOS before 10, and watchOS before 3 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
WebKit in Apple iOS before 10, Safari before 10, tvOS before 10, and watchOS before 3 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
libarchive in Apple OS X before 10.12 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a crafted file. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
WebKit in Apple iOS before 10, Safari before 10, and tvOS before 10 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, a. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
WebKit in Apple iOS before 10, Safari before 10, and tvOS before 10 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, a. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.6), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
WebKit in Apple iOS before 10, Safari before 10, and tvOS before 10 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, a. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
WebKit in Apple iOS before 10 and Safari before 10 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, a different vulnerability. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
WebKit in Apple iOS before 10, Safari before 10, and tvOS before 10 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, a. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
WebKit in Apple iOS before 10 and Safari before 10 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, a different vulnerability. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
IOThunderboltFamily in Apple OS X before 10.12 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in a privileged context or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted app. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
IOAcceleratorFamily in Apple iOS before 10, OS X before 10.12, tvOS before 10, and watchOS before 3 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in a privileged context or cause a denial of service. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
IOAcceleratorFamily in Apple iOS before 10, OS X before 10.12, tvOS before 10, and watchOS before 3 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information from process memory or cause a denial of. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.1), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Intel Graphics Driver in Apple OS X before 10.12 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in a privileged context or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted app. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Buffer overflow in FontParser in Apple iOS before 10, OS X before 10.12, tvOS before 10, and watchOS before 3 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information from process memory via a crafted. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
CoreCrypto in Apple iOS before 10, OS X before 10.12, tvOS before 10, and watchOS before 3 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds write) via a crafted. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Bluetooth in Apple OS X before 10.12 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in a privileged context or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted app. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Audio in Apple iOS before 10, OS X before 10.12, tvOS before 10, and watchOS before 3 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 17.7% and no vendor patch available.
AppleUUC in Apple OS X before 10.12 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in a privileged context or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted app, a different vulnerability. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
AppleUUC in Apple OS X before 10.12 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in a privileged context or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted app, a different vulnerability. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Apple HSSPI Support in Apple OS X before 10.12 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code in a privileged context or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted app. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
xpointer.c in libxml2 before 2.9.5 (as used in Apple iOS before 10, OS X before 10.12, tvOS before 10, and watchOS before 3, and other products) does not forbid namespace nodes in XPointer ranges,. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 17.7%.
WebKit in Apple iOS before 10, Safari before 10, and tvOS before 10 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, a. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the nsBMPEncoder::AddImageFrame function in Mozilla Firefox before 49.0, Firefox ESR 45.x before 45.4, and Thunderbird < 45.4 allows remote attackers to execute. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Use-after-free vulnerability in the nsRefreshDriver::Tick function in Mozilla Firefox before 49.0, Firefox ESR 45.x before 45.4, and Thunderbird < 45.4 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Use-after-free vulnerability in the mozilla::a11y::DocAccessible::ProcessInvalidationList function in Mozilla Firefox before 49.0, Firefox ESR 45.x before 45.4, and Thunderbird < 45.4 allows remote. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Buffer overflow in the mozilla::gfx::FilterSupport::ComputeSourceNeededRegions function in Mozilla Firefox before 49.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code by leveraging improper. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The PropertyProvider::GetSpacingInternal function in Mozilla Firefox before 49.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read and application crash) via text runs in. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the nsCaseTransformTextRunFactory::TransformString function in Mozilla Firefox before 49.0, Firefox ESR 45.x before 45.4, and Thunderbird < 45.4 allows remote attackers. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Multiple unspecified vulnerabilities in the browser engine in Mozilla Firefox before 49.0, Firefox ESR 45.x before 45.4 and Thunderbird < 45.4 allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Multiple unspecified vulnerabilities in the browser engine in Mozilla Firefox before 49.0 allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption and application crash) or possibly. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The mozilla::net::IsValidReferrerPolicy function in Mozilla Firefox before 49.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read and application crash) via a Content Security. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.