Buffer Overflow
A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.
How It Works
A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions. This overwrites whatever data or code exists there, corrupting program state and potentially giving attackers control over execution flow.
Stack-based overflows are the most common variant. When a function allocates a fixed-size buffer on the stack and then copies user-controlled input without proper bounds checking, attackers can overflow past the buffer to overwrite the function's return address. When the function completes, instead of returning to legitimate code, execution jumps to attacker-specified memory containing malicious shellcode. Heap-based overflows work differently—they corrupt heap metadata like chunk size fields or free list pointers, leading to arbitrary memory writes when the allocator processes the corrupted structures.
Modern exploitation bypasses defensive mechanisms through techniques like Return-Oriented Programming (ROP), which chains together existing code snippets to avoid non-executable memory protections. Attackers may also use heap spraying to reliably position shellcode at predictable addresses, defeating address randomization.
Impact
- Remote code execution — attacker gains ability to run arbitrary commands with the privileges of the vulnerable process
- Privilege escalation — exploiting kernel or setuid program overflows to gain root/SYSTEM access
- Denial of service — crashes and memory corruption that render systems unusable
- Information disclosure — reading sensitive data from adjacent memory regions that should be inaccessible
- Authentication bypass — overwriting security-critical variables like permission flags or user IDs
Real-World Examples
Fortinet FortiOS suffered a critical buffer overflow (CVE-2025-32756) that allowed unauthenticated remote attackers to execute code as root on firewalls and VPN gateways. Attackers actively exploited this to compromise enterprise network perimeters before patches were available.
The Slammer worm from 2003 exploited a stack overflow in Microsoft SQL Server, spreading to 75,000 hosts in ten minutes by sending a single malformed UDP packet that overwrote the return address with shellcode. No authentication was required.
OpenSSH historically contained a heap overflow in challenge-response authentication that allowed pre-authentication remote root compromise on Unix systems, demonstrating how memory corruption in privileged network services creates maximum impact scenarios.
Mitigation
- Memory-safe languages — Rust, Go, and modern managed languages prevent buffer overflows by design through automatic bounds checking
- Stack canaries — random values placed before return addresses that detect corruption before control transfer
- Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) — randomizes memory locations making exploitation less reliable
- Data Execution Prevention (DEP/NX) — marks memory regions as non-executable, preventing direct shellcode execution
- Bounds checking — validate input sizes before copying, use safe functions like
strncpyinstead ofstrcpy - Fuzzing and static analysis — automated testing to discover overflows before deployment
Recent CVEs (36782)
The windows_icon_typefind function in gst-plugins-base in GStreamer before 1.10.2, when G_SLICE is set to always-malloc, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.7), this vulnerability is no authentication required. No vendor patch available.
The gst_decode_chain_free_internal function in the flxdex decoder in gst-plugins-good in GStreamer before 1.10.2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid memory read and crash). Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Off-by-one error in the gst_h264_parse_set_caps function in GStreamer before 1.10.2 allows remote attackers to have unspecified impact via a crafted file, which triggers an out-of-bounds read. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The FLIC decoder in GStreamer before 1.10.2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds write and crash) via a crafted series of skip and count pairs. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
The flx_decode_chunks function in gst/flx/gstflxdec.c in GStreamer before 1.10.2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid memory read and crash) via a crafted FLIC file. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability could allow attackers to read data from memory outside the intended buffer boundaries.
Off-by-one vulnerability in the fgetwln function in libbsd before 0.8.2 allows attackers to have unspecified impact via unknown vectors, which trigger a heap-based buffer overflow. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity.
Memory Corruption Vulnerability in Foxit PDF Toolkit v1.3 allows an attacker to cause Denial of Service and Remote Code Execution when the victim opens the specially crafted PDF file. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
An integer overflow vulnerability was observed in the regemit function in regexp.c in Artifex Software, Inc. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Possible buffer overflow in storage subsystem. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Possible buffer overflow in the hypervisor. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Possible buffer overflow in SMMU system call. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Possible buffer overflow in trust zone access control API. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Integer overflow leading to a TOCTOU condition in hypervisor PIL. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
LibTIFF version 4.0.7 is vulnerable to a heap buffer overflow in the tools/tiffcp resulting in DoS or code execution via a crafted BitsPerSample value. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
The base64decode function in base64.c in libimobiledevice libplist through 1.12 allows attackers to obtain sensitive information from process memory or cause a denial of service (buffer over-read). Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.1), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability could allow attackers to read data from memory outside the intended buffer boundaries.
The SplObjectStorage unserialize implementation in ext/spl/spl_observer.c in PHP before 7.0.12 does not verify that a key is an object, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 15.020.20042 and earlier, 15.006.30244 and earlier, 11.0.18 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability in the XFA engine related to a form's. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 15.020.20042 and earlier, 15.006.30244 and earlier, 11.0.18 and earlier have an exploitable heap overflow vulnerability in the image conversion engine related to parsing. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 15.020.20042 and earlier, 15.006.30244 and earlier, 11.0.18 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability in the image conversion engine, related to. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 15.020.20042 and earlier, 15.006.30244 and earlier, 11.0.18 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability in the image conversion engine, related to. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 15.020.20042 and earlier, 15.006.30244 and earlier, 11.0.18 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability in the image conversion engine, related to. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 15.020.20042 and earlier, 15.006.30244 and earlier, 11.0.18 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability in the image conversion engine, related to. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 15.020.20042 and earlier, 15.006.30244 and earlier, 11.0.18 and earlier have an exploitable heap overflow vulnerability in the image conversion engine, related to. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 15.020.20042 and earlier, 15.006.30244 and earlier, 11.0.18 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability in the image conversion module when handling. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 15.020.20042 and earlier, 15.006.30244 and earlier, 11.0.18 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability in the image conversion module when. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 15.020.20042 and earlier, 15.006.30244 and earlier, 11.0.18 and earlier have an exploitable buffer overflow / underflow vulnerability in the image conversion module. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 15.020.20042 and earlier, 15.006.30244 and earlier, 11.0.18 and earlier have an exploitable heap overflow vulnerability in the XSLT engine. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 10.2%.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 15.020.20042 and earlier, 15.006.30244 and earlier, 11.0.18 and earlier have an exploitable buffer overflow / underflow vulnerability in the XFA engine. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 15.020.20042 and earlier, 15.006.30244 and earlier, 11.0.18 and earlier have an exploitable heap overflow vulnerability when parsing the segment for storing non-graphic. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 15.020.20042 and earlier, 15.006.30244 and earlier, 11.0.18 and earlier have an exploitable heap overflow vulnerability when parsing TIFF image files. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 15.020.20042 and earlier, 15.006.30244 and earlier, 11.0.18 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability when parsing crafted TIFF image files. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 15.020.20042 and earlier, 15.006.30244 and earlier, 11.0.18 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability when processing tags in TIFF images. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 15.020.20042 and earlier, 15.006.30244 and earlier, 11.0.18 and earlier have an exploitable heap overflow vulnerability when processing TIFF image data. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 15.020.20042 and earlier, 15.006.30244 and earlier, 11.0.18 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability when processing Compact Font Format data. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 15.020.20042 and earlier, 15.006.30244 and earlier, 11.0.18 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability when processing JPEG 2000 files. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 15.020.20042 and earlier, 15.006.30244 and earlier, 11.0.18 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability when processing a malformed cross-reference. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Adobe Flash Player versions 24.0.0.186 and earlier have an exploitable heap overflow vulnerability when processing the Flash Video container file format. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 69.1%.
Adobe Flash Player versions 24.0.0.186 and earlier have an exploitable heap overflow vulnerability when parsing Adobe Texture Format files. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 69.1%.
Adobe Flash Player versions 24.0.0.186 and earlier have an exploitable heap overflow vulnerability related to texture compression. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 69.1%.
Adobe Flash Player versions 24.0.0.186 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability related to the parsing of SWF metadata. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 67.9%.
Adobe Flash Player versions 24.0.0.186 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability due to a concurrency error when manipulating a display list. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 82.0%.
Adobe Flash Player versions 24.0.0.186 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability related to setting visual mode effects. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability could allow attackers to write data beyond allocated buffer boundaries leading to code execution or crashes.
Adobe Flash Player versions 24.0.0.186 and earlier have an exploitable heap overflow vulnerability when processing Adobe Texture Format files. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability could allow attackers to write data beyond allocated buffer boundaries leading to code execution or crashes.
Adobe Flash Player versions 24.0.0.186 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability related to processing of atoms in MP4 files. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability could allow attackers to write data beyond allocated buffer boundaries leading to code execution or crashes.
Adobe Flash Player versions 24.0.0.186 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability in the JPEG XR codec. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability could allow attackers to write data beyond allocated buffer boundaries leading to code execution or crashes.
Microsoft Word 2016 and SharePoint Enterprise Server 2016 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted document, aka "Microsoft Office Memory Corruption Vulnerability.". Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 33.6%.
The "process-execute" and "process-spawn" procedures in CHICKEN Scheme used fixed-size buffers for holding the arguments and environment variables to use in its execve() call. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Netop Remote Control versions 11.53, 12.21 and prior. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
A large out-of-bounds read on the heap vulnerability in Foxit PDF Reader can potentially be abused for information disclosure. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. Epss exploitation probability 13.5% and no vendor patch available.
An exploitable out-of-bounds write vulnerability exists in the XMP image handling functionality of the FreeImage library. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
An exploitable heap-based buffer overflow exists in the handling of TIFF images in LibTIFF's TIFF2PDF tool. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.0), this vulnerability is no authentication required. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
An exploitable heap overflow vulnerability exists in the Compound Binary File Format (CBFF) parser functionality of Lexmark Perceptive Document Filters library. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
An exploitable out-of-bounds write exists in the Bzip2 parsing of the Lexmark Perspective Document Filters conversion functionality. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
An exploitable buffer overflow exists in the XLS parsing of the Lexmark Perspective Document Filters conversion functionality. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.4), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
When opening a Hangul HShow Document (.hpt) and processing a structure within the document, Hancom Office 2014 will attempt to allocate space for a list of elements using a length from the file. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
When opening a Hangul Hcell Document (.cell) and processing a record that uses the CSSValFormat object, Hancom Office 2014 will search for an underscore ("_") character at the end of the string and. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
When opening a Hangul Hcell Document (.cell) and processing a particular record within the Workbook stream, an index miscalculation leading to a heap overlow can be made to occur in Hancom Office. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
When opening a Hangul Hcell Document (.cell) and processing a property record within the Workbook stream, Hancom Office 2014 will attempt to allocate space for an element using a length from the. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
When opening a Hangul HShow Document (.hpt) and processing a structure within the document, Hancom Office 2014 will use a static size to allocate a heap buffer yet explicitly trust a size from the. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
When opening a Hangul HShow Document (.hpt) and processing a structure within the document, Hancom Office 2014 will attempt to allocate space for a block of data within the file. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
An information leak exists in the handling of the MXIT protocol in Pidgin. Rated low severity (CVSS 3.1), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. This Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability could allow attackers to read data from memory outside the intended buffer boundaries.
A buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the handling of the MXIT protocol Pidgin. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.1), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required.
A buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the handling of the MXIT protocol in Pidgin. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.1), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required.
A buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the handling of the MXIT protocol in Pidgin. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.1), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required.
An exploitable out-of-bounds read exists in the handling of the MXIT protocol in Pidgin. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity.
An exploitable memory corruption vulnerability exists in the handling of the MXIT protocol in Pidgin. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.1), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. This Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability could allow attackers to read data from memory outside the intended buffer boundaries.
A denial of service vulnerability exists in the handling of the MXIT protocol in Pidgin. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. This Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability could allow attackers to read data from memory outside the intended buffer boundaries.
An information leak exists in the handling of the MXIT protocol in Pidgin. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable. This Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability could allow attackers to read data from memory outside the intended buffer boundaries.
An out-of-bounds write vulnerability exists in the handling of the MXIT protocol in Pidgin. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.1), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required.
A denial of service vulnerability exists in the handling of the MXIT protocol in Pidgin. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. This Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability could allow attackers to read data from memory outside the intended buffer boundaries.
Multiple memory corruption vulnerabilities exist in the handling of the MXIT protocol in Pidgin. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.1), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
An information leak exists in the handling of the MXIT protocol in Pidgin. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. This Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability could allow attackers to read data from memory outside the intended buffer boundaries.
A denial of service vulnerability exists in the handling of the MXIT protocol in Pidgin. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. This Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability could allow attackers to read data from memory outside the intended buffer boundaries.
An exploitable heap overflow vulnerability exists in the Fiddle::Function.new "initialize" function functionality of Ruby. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
An exploitable remote code execution vulnerability exists in the Trane ComfortLink II firmware version 2.0.2 in DSS service. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
MatrixSSL before 3.8.6 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via a crafted ASN.1 Bit Field primitive in an X.509 certificate. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity.
Heap-based buffer overflow in MatrixSSL before 3.8.6 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted Subject Alt Name in an X.509 certificate. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 13.6%.
The shared memory manager (associated with pre-authentication compression) in sshd in OpenSSH before 7.4 does not ensure that a bounds check is enforced by all compilers, which might allows local. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
The php_wddx_push_element function in ext/wddx/wddx.c in PHP before 5.6.29 and 7.x before 7.0.14 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read and memory corruption) or. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity.
Stack consumption vulnerability in the gdImageFillToBorder function in gd.c in the GD Graphics Library (aka libgd) before 2.2.2, as used in PHP before 5.6.28 and 7.x before 7.0.13, allows remote. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 11.1%.
Tor before 0.2.8.9 and 0.2.9.x before 0.2.9.4-alpha had internal functions that were entitled to expect that buf_t data had NUL termination, but the implementation of or/buffers.c did not ensure that. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Integer signedness error in the dynamicGetbuf function in gd_io_dp.c in the GD Graphics Library (aka libgd) through 2.2.3, as used in PHP before 5.6.28 and 7.x before 7.0.13, allows remote attackers. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
The get_icu_disp_value_src_php function in ext/intl/locale/locale_methods.c in PHP before 5.3.29, 5.4.x before 5.4.30, and 5.5.x before 5.5.14 does not properly restrict calls to the ICU uresbund.cpp. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the ures_getByKeyWithFallback function in common/uresbund.cpp in International Components for Unicode (ICU) before 54.1 for C/C++ allows remote attackers to cause a. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity.
Stack-based buffer overflow in Quick Heal Internet Security 10.1.0.316 and earlier, Total Security 10.1.0.316 and earlier, and AntiVirus Pro 10.1.0.316 and earlier on OS X allows remote attackers to. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 30.6%.
Heap-based buffer overflow in ultra.c in LibVNCClient in LibVNCServer before 0.9.11 allows remote servers to cause a denial of service (application crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via a. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Heap-based buffer overflow in rfbproto.c in LibVNCClient in LibVNCServer before 0.9.11 allows remote servers to cause a denial of service (application crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via a. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
QEMU (aka Quick Emulator) built with the Virtio GPU Device emulator support is vulnerable to a memory leakage issue. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
QEMU (aka Quick Emulator) built to use 'address_space_translate' to map an address to a MemoryRegionSection is vulnerable to an OOB r/w access issue. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability could allow attackers to read data from memory outside the intended buffer boundaries.
QEMU (aka Quick Emulator) built with the NE2000 device emulation support is vulnerable to an OOB r/w access issue. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.1), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability could allow attackers to read data from memory outside the intended buffer boundaries.