Buffer Overflow
A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.
How It Works
A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions. This overwrites whatever data or code exists there, corrupting program state and potentially giving attackers control over execution flow.
Stack-based overflows are the most common variant. When a function allocates a fixed-size buffer on the stack and then copies user-controlled input without proper bounds checking, attackers can overflow past the buffer to overwrite the function's return address. When the function completes, instead of returning to legitimate code, execution jumps to attacker-specified memory containing malicious shellcode. Heap-based overflows work differently—they corrupt heap metadata like chunk size fields or free list pointers, leading to arbitrary memory writes when the allocator processes the corrupted structures.
Modern exploitation bypasses defensive mechanisms through techniques like Return-Oriented Programming (ROP), which chains together existing code snippets to avoid non-executable memory protections. Attackers may also use heap spraying to reliably position shellcode at predictable addresses, defeating address randomization.
Impact
- Remote code execution — attacker gains ability to run arbitrary commands with the privileges of the vulnerable process
- Privilege escalation — exploiting kernel or setuid program overflows to gain root/SYSTEM access
- Denial of service — crashes and memory corruption that render systems unusable
- Information disclosure — reading sensitive data from adjacent memory regions that should be inaccessible
- Authentication bypass — overwriting security-critical variables like permission flags or user IDs
Real-World Examples
Fortinet FortiOS suffered a critical buffer overflow (CVE-2025-32756) that allowed unauthenticated remote attackers to execute code as root on firewalls and VPN gateways. Attackers actively exploited this to compromise enterprise network perimeters before patches were available.
The Slammer worm from 2003 exploited a stack overflow in Microsoft SQL Server, spreading to 75,000 hosts in ten minutes by sending a single malformed UDP packet that overwrote the return address with shellcode. No authentication was required.
OpenSSH historically contained a heap overflow in challenge-response authentication that allowed pre-authentication remote root compromise on Unix systems, demonstrating how memory corruption in privileged network services creates maximum impact scenarios.
Mitigation
- Memory-safe languages — Rust, Go, and modern managed languages prevent buffer overflows by design through automatic bounds checking
- Stack canaries — random values placed before return addresses that detect corruption before control transfer
- Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) — randomizes memory locations making exploitation less reliable
- Data Execution Prevention (DEP/NX) — marks memory regions as non-executable, preventing direct shellcode execution
- Bounds checking — validate input sizes before copying, use safe functions like
strncpyinstead ofstrcpy - Fuzzing and static analysis — automated testing to discover overflows before deployment
Recent CVEs (36781)
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 11.0.19 and earlier, 15.006.30280 and earlier, 15.023.20070 and earlier have a memory address leak vulnerability in the JPEG 2000 parser, related to contiguous. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 11.0.19 and earlier, 15.006.30280 and earlier, 15.023.20070 and earlier have a memory address leak vulnerability in the JPEG 2000 parser, related to the palette box. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 11.0.19 and earlier, 15.006.30280 and earlier, 15.023.20070 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability in the JPEG 2000 engine, related to image. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 11.0.19 and earlier, 15.006.30280 and earlier, 15.023.20070 and earlier have an exploitable heap overflow vulnerability in image conversion, related to parsing offsets. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 11.0.19 and earlier, 15.006.30280 and earlier, 15.023.20070 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability when parsing font data in the MakeAccessible. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 11.0.19 and earlier, 15.006.30280 and earlier, 15.023.20070 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability in the JBIG2 image compression module. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 11.0.19 and earlier, 15.006.30280 and earlier, 15.023.20070 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability in the PPKLite security handler. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 11.0.19 and earlier, 15.006.30280 and earlier, 15.023.20070 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability when parsing TTF (TrueType font format). Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 11.0.19 and earlier, 15.006.30280 and earlier, 15.023.20070 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability in the JavaScript engine. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 11.0.19 and earlier, 15.006.30280 and earlier, 15.023.20070 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability in image conversion related to processing of. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 11.0.19 and earlier, 15.006.30280 and earlier, 15.023.20070 and earlier have a memory address leak vulnerability when handling JPEG 2000 code-stream tile data. Rated low severity (CVSS 3.3), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 11.0.19 and earlier, 15.006.30280 and earlier, 15.023.20070 and earlier have a memory address leak vulnerability in the JPEG 2000 code-stream parser. Rated low severity (CVSS 3.3), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 11.0.19 and earlier, 15.006.30280 and earlier, 15.023.20070 and earlier have a memory address leak vulnerability in the XSLT engine. Rated low severity (CVSS 3.3), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 11.0.19 and earlier, 15.006.30280 and earlier, 15.023.20070 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability in the AES module. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 11.0.19 and earlier, 15.006.30280 and earlier, 15.023.20070 and earlier have a memory address leak vulnerability when handling a JPEG 2000 code-stream. Rated low severity (CVSS 3.3), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 11.0.19 and earlier, 15.006.30280 and earlier, 15.023.20070 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability in the image conversion module, related to. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 11.0.19 and earlier, 15.006.30280 and earlier, 15.023.20070 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability related to internal object representation. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 11.0.19 and earlier, 15.006.30280 and earlier, 15.023.20070 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability when manipulating PDF annotations. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 11.0.19 and earlier, 15.006.30280 and earlier, 15.023.20070 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability in the JPEG 2000 code-stream tile. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 11.0.19 and earlier, 15.006.30280 and earlier, 15.023.20070 and earlier have a memory address leak vulnerability when parsing the header of a JPEG 2000 file. Rated low severity (CVSS 3.3), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 11.0.19 and earlier, 15.006.30280 and earlier, 15.023.20070 and earlier have a memory address leak vulnerability in the JPEG 2000 parser engine. Rated low severity (CVSS 3.3), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 11.0.19 and earlier, 15.006.30280 and earlier, 15.023.20070 and earlier have a memory address leak vulnerability in the weblink module. Rated low severity (CVSS 3.3), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 11.0.19 and earlier, 15.006.30280 and earlier, 15.023.20070 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability in the Product Representation Compact (PRC). Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 11.0.19 and earlier, 15.006.30280 and earlier, 15.023.20070 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability in the renderer functionality. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 11.0.19 and earlier, 15.006.30280 and earlier, 15.023.20070 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability when handling a malformed PDF file. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Adobe Acrobat Reader versions 11.0.19 and earlier, 15.006.30280 and earlier, 15.023.20070 and earlier have an exploitable memory corruption vulnerability in the JBIG2 parsing functionality. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Adobe Photoshop versions CC 2017 (18.0.1) and earlier, CC 2015.5.1 (17.0.1) and earlier have a memory corruption vulnerability when parsing malicious PCX files. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
A remote code execution vulnerability exists when Microsoft Edge improperly accesses objects in memory. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. Epss exploitation probability 18.8%.
A remote code execution vulnerability exists when Internet Explorer improperly accesses objects in memory. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 61.9%.
A remote code execution vulnerability exists in Internet Explorer in the way that the JScript and VBScript engines render when handling objects in memory. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. Epss exploitation probability 23.9%.
A remote code execution vulnerability exists when Microsoft Edge improperly accesses objects in memory. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. Epss exploitation probability 29.4%.
An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists when Microsoft Windows running on Windows 10, Windows 10 1511, Windows 8.1 Windows RT 8.1, and Windows Server 2012 R2 fails to properly sanitize handles. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. Epss exploitation probability 19.8%.
Microsoft Excel 2007 SP3, Microsoft Outlook 2010 SP2, Microsoft Outlook 2013 SP1, and Microsoft Outlook 2016 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 10.8%.
A remote code execution vulnerability in Microsoft Edge exists in the way that the Scripting Engine renders when handling objects in memory in Microsoft browsers. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. Epss exploitation probability 21.4%.
In libsamplerate before 0.1.9, a buffer over-read occurs in the calc_output_single function in src_sinc.c via a crafted audio file. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability could allow attackers to read data from memory outside the intended buffer boundaries.
Heap-based buffer overflow in QEMU, when built with the Q35-chipset-based PC system emulator. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.9), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability could allow attackers to write data beyond allocated buffer boundaries leading to code execution or crashes.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the megasas_ctrl_get_info function in QEMU, when built with SCSI MegaRAID SAS HBA emulation support, allows local guest users to cause a denial of service (QEMU. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is low attack complexity. This Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability could allow attackers to write data beyond allocated buffer boundaries leading to code execution or crashes.
coders/pnm.c in ImageMagick 6.9.0-1 Beta and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (crash) via a crafted png file. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability could allow attackers to read data from memory outside the intended buffer boundaries.
The JPEG decoder in ImageMagick before 6.8.9-9 allows local users to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds memory access and crash). Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.2), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
DCM decode in ImageMagick before 6.8.9-9 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read). Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
PCX parser code in ImageMagick before 6.8.9-9 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read). Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The HorizontalFilter function in resize.c in ImageMagick before 6.8.9-9 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via a crafted image file. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The setByteArray function in tif_dir.c in libtiff 4.0.6 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via a crafted tiff image. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The xmlBufAttrSerializeTxtContent function in xmlsave.c in libxml2 allows context-dependent attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read and application crash) via a non-UTF-8 attribute. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
The iwmiffr_convert_row32 function in imagew-miff.c in libimageworsener.a in ImageWorsener 1.3.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read) via a crafted file. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Stack-based buffer overflow in SAP NetWeaver 7.0 through 7.5 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service () by sending a crafted packet to the SAPSTARTSRV port, aka SAP Security Note 2295238. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Buffer overflow in the MobiLink Synchronization Server component in SAP SQL Anywhere 17 and possibly earlier allows remote authenticated users to cause a denial of service (resource consumption and. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Remote code execution can occur in Asterisk Open Source 13.x before 13.14.1 and 14.x before 14.3.1 and Certified Asterisk 13.13 before 13.13-cert3 because of a buffer overflow in a CDR user field,. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. Epss exploitation probability 22.0%.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the havok_write function in drivers/staging/havok/havok.c in Amazon Fire OS before 2016-01-15 allows attackers to cause a denial of service (panic) or possibly have. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Dell Integrated Remote Access Controller (iDRAC) 6 before 2.80 and 7/8 before 2.21.21.21 allows attackers to cause a denial of service (buffer overflow) or possibly have unspecified other impact via. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The check_sysv_hash function in elflint.c in elfutils 0.168 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read and application crash) via a crafted ELF file. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
The check_symtab_shndx function in elflint.c in elfutils 0.168 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read and application crash) via a crafted ELF file. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
The check_group function in elflint.c in elfutils 0.168 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read and application crash) via a crafted ELF file. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
The ebl_object_note_type_name function in eblobjnotetypename.c in elfutils 0.168 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read and application crash) via a crafted. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
The handle_gnu_hash function in readelf.c in elfutils 0.168 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read and application crash) via a crafted ELF file. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
tif_read.c in LibTIFF 4.0.7 does not ensure that tif_rawdata is properly initialized, which might allow remote attackers to obtain sensitive information from process memory via a crafted image. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
A remote code execution vulnerability in the Broadcom Wi-Fi firmware could enable a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code within the context of the Wi-Fi SoC. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and EPSS exploitation probability 38.9%.
A remote denial of service vulnerability in libskia could enable an attacker to use a specially crafted file to cause a device hang or reboot. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
A remote code execution vulnerability in libavc in Mediaserver could enable an attacker using a specially crafted file to cause memory corruption during media file and data processing. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
A remote code execution vulnerability in libavc in Mediaserver could enable an attacker using a specially crafted file to cause memory corruption during media file and data processing. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
A remote code execution vulnerability in sonivox in Mediaserver could enable an attacker using a specially crafted file to cause memory corruption during media file and data processing. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
A remote code execution vulnerability in libhevc in Mediaserver could enable an attacker using a specially crafted file to cause memory corruption during media file and data processing. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
A remote code execution vulnerability in libhevc in Mediaserver could enable an attacker using a specially crafted file to cause memory corruption during media file and data processing. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
A remote code execution vulnerability in libavc in Mediaserver could enable an attacker using a specially crafted file to cause memory corruption during media file and data processing. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
In libsndfile before 1.0.28, an error in the "header_read()" function (common.c) when handling ID3 tags can be exploited to cause a stack-based buffer overflow via a specially crafted FLAC file. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity.
In libsndfile before 1.0.28, an error in the "flac_buffer_copy()" function (flac.c) can be exploited to cause a stack-based buffer overflow via a specially crafted FLAC file. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity.
Memory Corruption Vulnerability in Foxit PDF Toolkit before 2.1 allows an attacker to cause Denial of Service & Remote Code Execution when a victim opens a specially crafted PDF file. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
Multiple heap-based buffer overflows in parser.c in libming 0.4.7 allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (listswf application crash) or possibly have unspecified other impact via a. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity.
In ARM Trusted Firmware 1.2 and 1.3, a malformed firmware update SMC can result in copying unexpectedly large data into secure memory because of integer overflows. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required.
The iwgif_record_pixel function in imagew-gif.c in libimageworsener.a in ImageWorsener 1.3.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read) via a crafted file. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability could allow attackers to read data from memory outside the intended buffer boundaries.
coders/sun.c in ImageMagick allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds access) via a crafted sun file. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability could allow attackers to read data from memory outside the intended buffer boundaries.
Wi-Fi in Apple iOS before 10.3.1 does not prevent CVE-2017-6956 stack buffer overflow exploitation via a crafted access point. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
On the Broadcom Wi-Fi HardMAC SoC with fbt firmware, a stack buffer overflow occurs when handling an 802.11r (FT) authentication response, leading to remote code execution via a crafted access point. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
An elevation of privilege vulnerability in the NVIDIA crypto driver could enable a local malicious application to execute arbitrary code within the context of the kernel. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.0), this vulnerability is no authentication required. This Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability could allow attackers to write data beyond allocated buffer boundaries leading to code execution or crashes.
An elevation of privilege vulnerability in the NVIDIA crypto driver could enable a local malicious application to execute arbitrary code within the context of the kernel. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.0), this vulnerability is no authentication required. This Buffer Copy without Size Check vulnerability could allow attackers to overflow a buffer to corrupt adjacent memory.
An elevation of privilege vulnerability in the NVIDIA I2C HID driver could enable a local malicious application to execute arbitrary code within the context of the kernel. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.0), this vulnerability is no authentication required. This Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability could allow attackers to write data beyond allocated buffer boundaries leading to code execution or crashes.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the CreateFXPDFConvertor function in ConvertToPdf_x86.dll in Foxit Reader 7.3.4.311 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a large SamplesPerPixel value. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The ourWriteOut function in tool_writeout.c in curl 7.53.1 might allow physically proximate attackers to obtain sensitive information from process memory in opportunistic circumstances by reading a. Rated low severity (CVSS 2.4), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. This Buffer Overflow vulnerability could allow attackers to corrupt memory to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.
The fill_threshhold_buffer function in base/gxht_thresh.c in Artifex Software, Inc. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
The PoDoFo::PdfSimpleEncoding::ConvertToEncoding function in PdfEncoding.cpp in PoDoFo 0.9.5 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read and application crash). Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The PoDoFo::PdfPainter::ExpandTabs function in PdfPainter.cpp in PoDoFo 0.9.5 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read and application crash) via a crafted. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The dalvik_disassemble function in libr/asm/p/asm_dalvik.c in radare2 1.2.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (stack-based buffer overflow and application crash) or possibly have. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity.
The relocs function in libr/bin/p/bin_bflt.c in radare2 1.2.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer overflow and application crash) or possibly have unspecified. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity.
The SingleDocParser::HandleNode function in yaml-cpp (aka LibYaml-C++) 0.5.3 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (stack consumption and application crash) via a crafted YAML file. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.5), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
JavaScriptCore in WebKit, as distributed in Safari Technology Preview Release 22, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based out-of-bounds write and application crash) or. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
libyara/grammar.y in YARA 3.5.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based out-of-bounds read and application crash) via a crafted rule that is mishandled in the yara_yyparse. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available.
JavaScriptCore in WebKit, as distributed in Safari Technology Preview Release 18, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (bitfield out-of-bounds read and application crash) via crafted. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
The count_entries function in pdf-layer.c in Artifex Software, Inc. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.3), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.
The security policy processing module in Huawei Secospace USG6300 with software V500R001C20SPC100, V500R001C20SPC101, V500R001C20SPC200; Secospace USG6500 with software V500R001C20SPC100,. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
Huawei CloudEngine 12800 with software V100R002C00, V100R003C00, V100R003C10, V100R005C00, V100R005C10, V100R006C00; CloudEngine 5800 with software V100R002C00, V100R003C00, V100R003C10, V100R005C00,. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. No vendor patch available.