Linux
Monthly
Deadlock in the Linux Kernel PCI/IOV SR-IOV subsystem allows a local low-privileged user to trigger a kernel hang via a recursive mutex acquisition, resulting in a complete denial of service on the affected host. The root cause is commit 05703271c3cd, which added pci_rescan_remove_lock around SR-IOV enable/disable operations without accounting for the re-entrant path where sriov_del_vfs() is invoked from within pci_stop_and_remove_bus_device_locked(), which already holds the same lock. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and EPSS probability is negligible at 0.02%, consistent with the local-only attack vector.
Denial of service in the Linux kernel's iris media driver results from improper error-path handling during internal buffer allocation. When DMA allocation via dma_alloc_attrs() fails, a partially initialized buffer that was prematurely added to the internal buffers->list remains in that list, leading to inconsistent kernel state and potential resource leaks or NULL-pointer dereferences on subsequent access. Affected systems running Linux 6.15 through pre-patch versions of 6.18 and 6.19 with the iris media subsystem active are at risk; no public exploit has been identified and EPSS is 0.02%, indicating low exploitation probability at time of analysis.
Kernel crash in the Linux remoteproc imx_rproc subsystem (NXP i.MX platform) allows a local authenticated attacker to trigger a denial of service by loading firmware that lacks a resource table. The root cause is imx_rproc_elf_find_loaded_rsc_table() returning a stale non-NULL priv->rsc_table pointer even when rproc->table_ptr is NULL, causing the remoteproc core to dereference what it incorrectly treats as a valid loaded resource table. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and EPSS at 0.02% (7th percentile) reflects the narrow hardware-specific attack surface.
Kernel oops (crash) in the Linux kernel brcmfmac SDIO Wi-Fi driver allows a local low-privileged user to cause a denial-of-service by triggering a probe failure on Broadcom SDIO Wi-Fi hardware. The root cause is a double-assignment of sdiodev->bus across brcmf_sdio_probe() and brcmf_sdiod_probe(), leaving an invalid (non-NULL, error-valued) pointer that brcmf_sdio_remove() later dereferences during cleanup. No public exploit has been identified, EPSS is at the 4th percentile, and this is not listed in CISA KEV; risk is primarily a kernel stability concern in specific hardware configurations.
Missing mutex locking around the `mfd_of_node_list` linked list in the Linux kernel's Multi-Function Device (MFD) core subsystem allows a local low-privileged attacker to trigger a race condition, resulting in a kernel crash and denial of service. The vulnerability spans multiple stable kernel branches from the introducing commit 466a62d7642f through patched releases in 6.1.165, 6.6.128, 6.12.75, 6.18.16, 6.19.6, and 7.0. No public exploit exists and the EPSS score of 0.02% (7th percentile) reflects negligible community exploitation interest; this is not listed in CISA KEV.
Memory exhaustion in the Linux kernel's iris gen1 media driver allows a local low-privileged user to progressively consume kernel memory until session close, causing a denial of service. The iris driver fails to destroy internal firmware-managed buffers upon receiving the firmware release response, with the leak compounding across video resolution changes as each change allocates new buffers without reclaiming the prior set. No public exploit exists and EPSS sits at the 4th percentile, indicating negligible opportunistic exploitation risk; impact is limited to availability on systems with iris-compatible media hardware.
NULL pointer dereference in the Linux kernel's HID magicmouse driver allows a local attacker with low privileges to crash the kernel by connecting a crafted USB device that impersonates an Apple Magic Mouse. When a fake USB device provides a custom report descriptor, the input_mapping() hook is never called, leaving msc->input as NULL; subsequent access in input_configured() causes a kernel panic and complete availability loss. No public exploit exists and EPSS is negligible at 0.02% (7th percentile), but the impact is a full system denial of service when exploitation conditions are met.
NULL pointer dereference in the Linux kernel's ASoC SOF Intel HDA audio subsystem crashes the kernel when DAI link topology mismatches occur. The function hda_dai_get_ops in the snd_sof_intel_hda_common module dereferences an uninitialized widget pointer - particularly during loopback capture echo reference operations using dummy DAI links with a broken topology. A local low-privileged user on an affected Intel SOF HDA system can trigger a kernel panic, causing a denial of service. No active exploitation has been identified (EPSS 0.02%, 5th percentile, no CISA KEV listing), and patches are available in multiple stable kernel branches.
Kernel denial-of-service via crafted USB HID descriptor in the Linux logitech-hidpp driver allows an attacker controlling a USB gadget device to crash the kernel by presenting a report descriptor with zero fields. The missing maxfield bounds check in hidpp_get_report_length() causes the kernel to dereference invalid memory when the hid-logitech-hidpp module processes the malformed descriptor. No active exploitation confirmed (not in CISA KEV), and EPSS at 0.02% (7th percentile) reflects very low real-world exploitation probability despite the broad Linux kernel footprint.
Resource leak in the Linux kernel cx23885 media driver's ALSA interface causes local denial of service on systems with Conexant 23885 PCI TV tuner hardware. The `snd_cx23885_hw_params()` function fails to call `cx23885_alsa_dma_unmap()` in its error path, leaving DMA resources allocated by `cx23885_alsa_dma_map()` unreleased. A low-privileged local attacker on an affected system can repeatedly trigger the error path to exhaust DMA resources, crashing the kernel subsystem. No public exploit exists and EPSS is 0.02% (7th percentile), reflecting extremely low real-world exploitation probability.
Denial of service in Linux kernel dm-verity subsystem allows local authenticated users to crash the system by triggering dm_bufio_client_create() failure in verity_fec_ctr(), which incorrectly passes an error pointer to dm_bufio_client_destroy(). The vulnerability requires local access and authenticated privileges but no user interaction, affecting dm-verity configurations with forward error correction enabled.
Null pointer dereference in the Linux kernel AMD power management (drm/amd/pm) subsystem causes denial of service when SMU (System Management Unit) is disabled during RAS (Reliability, Availability, and Serviceability) initialization. Local authenticated attackers with low privileges can trigger this crash on affected systems, resulting in kernel panic and system unavailability. EPSS exploitation probability is very low (0.02%), indicating this requires specific configuration and local access.
Hard-lockup in Linux kernel IOMMU/VT-d subsystem when flushing device IOTLB during PCIe link-down events affects systems using scalable mode with PASID support. Local authenticated attackers can trigger denial of service by causing PCIe device disconnection followed by resource cleanup operations, such as releasing VFIO group file descriptors, which deadlock the system while attempting ATS invalidation on inaccessible devices. Patch available across multiple stable kernel series.
Linux kernel page fault in ima_restore_measurement_list() when the second-stage kernel is booted via kexec with memory-limiting command lines such as 'mem=<size>' allows local authenticated users to cause a denial of service by triggering an out-of-bounds memory access. The vulnerability occurs on x86_64 architectures when the IMA measurement buffer from the previous kernel falls outside the addressable RAM of the new kernel, resulting in a kernel panic during early IMA restoration.
A circular locking dependency in the Linux kernel's ntfs3 filesystem driver allows local authenticated attackers with low privileges to cause a denial of service (system hang or crash) by triggering simultaneous operations that deadlock between the MFT run lock and bitmap read-write lock. The vulnerability affects kernel versions prior to 6.18.16, 6.19.6, and 7.0, and requires local access with user-level privileges to exploit.
Denial of service via null pointer dereference in Linux kernel's pstore persistent storage subsystem occurs when the vmap() function fails but the persistent_ram_vmap() function incorrectly returns success if a non-zero offset is present, allowing subsequent buffer access to dereference invalid memory and cause system crashes. Affects Linux kernel versions prior to 5.10.252, 5.15.202, 6.1.165, 6.6.128, 6.12.75, 6.18.16, 6.19.6, and 7.0. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but vendor-released patches are available across multiple stable branches.
NULL pointer dereference in the Linux kernel framebuffer console (fbcon) subsystem allows a local low-privilege user to crash the system. The function con2fb_acquire_newinfo() fails to check the return value of fbcon_open(); when fbcon_open() fails, info->fbcon_par remains NULL and is subsequently dereferenced, triggering a kernel panic. Patches are available across all active stable branches (5.15.x through 7.0), EPSS is 0.02% at the 7th percentile, and no confirmed active exploitation is recorded in CISA KEV.
NULL pointer dereference in the Linux Kernel ACPI processor subsystem crashes the host system when the cpuidle driver initialization path is invoked in an inconsistent state. Affected kernel builds introduced this regression after commit 7a8c994cbb2d relocated ACPI idle driver registration, leaving the check in `__acpi_processor_start()` referencing a driver that no longer exists at that point in initialization; `__cpuidle_register_device()` then dereferences a NULL pointer, triggering a kernel panic. No public exploit has been identified and EPSS stands at 0.02% (4th percentile), consistent with a reliability regression rather than a targeted attack.
Race condition in the Linux kernel io_uring zero-copy receive (zcrx) subsystem allows a local low-privileged attacker on SMP systems running kernel 6.15 through 6.18.15 or 6.19.0-6.19.5 to trigger a double-free of a network I/O vector (niov) and subsequently corrupt adjacent kernel heap memory with an out-of-bounds write. The root cause is a non-atomic check-then-decrement in io_zcrx_put_niov_uref() racing against atomic_xchg() in io_zcrx_scrub(), which bypasses the rq_lock serialization. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis; EPSS at 0.02% (4th percentile) confirms negligible current exploitation probability.
Use-after-free vulnerability in the Linux kernel rpmsg subsystem allows local attackers with low privileges to cause denial of service by exploiting a race condition between driver_override_show() and driver_override_store() functions. The show function reads the driver_override string without holding the device_lock while the store function modifies and frees it under lock, creating a window for memory corruption. The vulnerability requires local access and non-default timing conditions (AC:H), limiting real-world exploitation probability to 0.02% per EPSS scoring.
Memory leak in rtw88 WiFi driver allows local authenticated attackers to cause denial of service via supported band allocation failure. The rtw_set_supported_band() function in the rtl8821ce WiFi driver failed to free allocated memory in error paths during hardware registration, enabling a local privilege escalation attack that exhausts kernel memory. EPSS exploitation probability is very low (0.02%), indicating this is a hardening fix rather than a critical vulnerability.
Resource leak in Linux kernel's most_register_interface() function allows local attackers with low privileges to cause denial of service through memory exhaustion. The vulnerability occurs when most_register_interface() fails during early initialization stages, returning error codes without properly releasing allocated device resources via put_device(). Patch versions 6.12.75, 6.18.16, 6.19.6, and 7.0 address this issue.
Memory leak in hfsplus filesystem driver causes denial of service when superblock setup fails during mount operations. The vulnerability affects Linux kernels when hfsplus is mounted and the setup_bdev_super() function fails after superblock allocation but before hfsplus_fill_super() completes, leaving filesystem-specific data unfreed. Local authenticated users can trigger this condition to exhaust kernel memory and crash the system.
Data race conditions in the Linux kernel Bluetooth subsystem allow local authenticated attackers to cause denial of service by triggering concurrent access to hdev->req_status without proper synchronization. The vulnerability exists in the HCI synchronous command processing path where __hci_cmd_sync_sk() and multiple other functions access the same variable across different workqueues without holding locks, potentially causing memory corruption or system hangs.
Data corruption in Linux kernel btrfs filesystem log replay allows local authenticated attackers to cause files to retain incorrect sizes after crash recovery. When a file is truncated to zero bytes, fssynced, and then a hardlink is created, the file incorrectly retains its pre-truncation size after a power failure and log replay, resulting in data integrity violation with availability impact.
Denial of service in Linux kernel tiny SRCU (Synchronize-RCU) subsystem allows local authenticated attackers to trigger a system hang or crash by invoking call_srcu() while holding scheduler locks, causing a circular lock dependency and potential deadlock. The vulnerability affects kernel versions before 6.19.14 and 7.0, with EPSS score of 0.02% indicating low real-world exploitation probability despite moderate CVSS severity.
Linux kernel shadow stack implementation fails to check for errors from mmap_read_lock_killable() in shstk_pop_sigframe(), allowing a local authenticated attacker to trigger a denial of service by causing the function to proceed with a failed lock acquisition. The vulnerability affects multiple stable kernel versions prior to patched releases 6.18.24, 6.19.14, and 7.0, with EPSS exploitation probability of 0.02% suggesting low real-world exploit likelihood despite the availability of a vendor patch.
A denial of service vulnerability in the Linux kernel's Qualcomm PD mapper service registry causes system crashes due to mismatched string element length validation in servreg_loc_pfr_req_ei. When a process daemon crashes and triggers a service registry location request, the QMI decoder rejects the reason field because its declared maximum length (65 bytes) is smaller than the actual field size (81 bytes), causing a decoding error and system halt. This affects all Linux kernel versions prior to the patch, triggered by local processes with standard user privileges.
Denial of service in Linux kernel xfrm (IPsec transform) subsystem allows local authenticated attackers to trigger a kernel panic via improper netlink message size calculation when handling XFRM_MSG_GETAE requests for states with interface ID set. The xfrm_aevent_msgsize() function fails to account for XFRMA_IF_ID attribute space, causing build_aevent() to exceed buffer bounds and hit a BUG_ON assertion, resulting in kernel crash. EPSS exploitation probability is very low at 0.02% despite the local attack vector, suggesting limited real-world impact.
Memory leak in the Linux kernel's Direct Rendering Manager (DRM) vc4 driver allows local authenticated attackers to exhaust kernel memory and trigger a denial of service condition. The vulnerability stems from a missing kfree() call in vc4_free_hang_state() that fails to release a separately allocated BO (buffer object) array, enabling persistent memory exhaustion through repeated hang state operations.
Memory leak in the Linux kernel's vc4 DRM driver allows local authenticated attackers to cause denial of service via memory exhaustion in hang state error handling. The vc4_save_hang_state() function fails to free allocated kernel_state memory on early return paths, enabling a local user with limited privileges to trigger repeated memory leaks and degrade system availability.
Denial of service in Linux kernel lapbether driver allows local authenticated attackers to crash the system by triggering a device type change that violates the ARPHRD_ETHER requirement when transmitting data. The vulnerability exists in the lapbeth_data_transmit() function which assumes the underlying device type remains Ethernet; a local user with low privileges can manipulate the bonding driver to change the device type, causing the kernel to reach an unhandled state and crash. EPSS score of 0.02% indicates low real-world exploitation probability despite the vulnerability being patched across multiple kernel versions.
Memory leak in the Airoha QDMA RX packet processing function allows local authenticated attackers to cause a denial of service through resource exhaustion. The vulnerability occurs when page pool fragments fail to properly return to the pool during error handling in airoha_qdma_rx_process(), allowing an attacker with local access and low privileges to exhaust kernel memory and crash the system. EPSS exploitation probability is extremely low at 0.02%, reflecting the local-only attack vector and privilege requirement.
Null pointer dereference in Linux kernel bridge VLAN filtering code allows local authenticated attackers to trigger a denial of service via a crafted RTM_NEWLINK netlink message with BR_BOOLOPT_FDB_LOCAL_VLAN_0 flag when CONFIG_BRIDGE_VLAN_FILTERING is disabled. The vulnerability occurs because br_fdb_delete_locals_per_vlan_port() and br_fdb_insert_locals_per_vlan_port() dereference a NULL vlan group pointer without validation, causing a kernel panic. No public exploit code identified at time of analysis.
Denial of service via NULL pointer dereference in the NFC s3fwrn5 driver's UART receive handler allows local authenticated attackers to crash the system. The vulnerability exists in s3fwrn82_uart_read() which consumes bytes from the serial device before allocating a fresh receive buffer; if memory allocation fails after bytes are already consumed, the function incorrectly reports success while leaving the receive buffer NULL, causing a NULL dereference on the next skb_put_u8() call. This affects Linux kernel versions 5.11 and later, with patches available for stable branches 6.6.136, 6.12.83, 6.18.24, 6.19.14, and 7.0.
Infinite vCPU fault loop in the Linux kernel's mshv (Microsoft Hypervisor) subsystem allows a local guest VM process to permanently spin a host vCPU thread, exhausting host CPU resources. The flaw exists in mshv_handle_gpa_intercept(), which unconditionally attempts page remaps on all movable-memory faults regardless of access permission - when a guest writes to a read-only Guest Physical Address region, the remap succeeds but the region retains its read-only designation, causing an immediate re-fault in a tight loop. Affected kernel versions run from commit b9a66cd5ccbb9fade15d0e427e19470d8ad35b75 through the fix commits; patched releases 6.19.14 and 7.0 are available. No public exploit has been identified and EPSS is 0.01%, consistent with the local, hypervisor-specific attack surface.
Linux kernel ASoC SDCA subsystem crashes on sound card teardown due to IRQ lifecycle mismanagement, causing a local denial of service. IRQ handlers registered via devm_request_threaded_irq() during component probe retain stale references to freed card and kcontrol structures after the sound card is torn down, resulting in null or dangling pointer dereferences and kernel panic. Exploitation requires local low-privilege access and SDCA-capable audio hardware; no public exploit exists and EPSS is extremely low at 0.02% (5th percentile).
NULL pointer dereference in the Linux kernel ixgbevf driver crashes Hyper-V guest VMs during device probe, causing a kernel panic and complete denial of service. The regression was introduced when commit a7075f501bd3 added a .negotiate_features callback to ixgbe_mac_operations and populated it for the standard ops table (ixgbevf_mac_ops) but omitted it from the Hyper-V-specific table (ixgbevf_hv_mac_ops), leaving that pointer NULL on Hyper-V guests. Any Linux system running on Microsoft Hyper-V with an Intel ixgbevf virtual NIC is subject to an automatic kernel crash at module load or boot; no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis and EPSS is 0.02%, reflecting a narrow but reliable impact on the specific deployment combination.
The AF_XDP socket subsystem (xsk) in the Linux kernel fails to validate that a network device's MTU fits within the usable UMEM frame space at bind time, allowing a local low-privileged user to trigger a kernel denial of service. Usable frame space - chunk size minus headroom and tailroom - can fall below a standard 1500-byte MTU when 2k chunks are used, a gap that became exploitable once tailroom subtraction was introduced. The kernel also omits validation of hardware zero-copy capabilities via net_device::xdp_zc_max_segs. No public exploit has been identified and EPSS is 0.02% (5th percentile), indicating low immediate exploitation risk.
Reference count leak in the Linux kernel's xfrm IPsec subsystem allows a local low-privileged attacker to exhaust kernel memory, resulting in denial of service. The defect resides in xfrm_migrate_policy_find(), where xfrm_pol_hold_rcu() is called twice - once implicitly by the lookup path (which already returns a held reference) and once redundantly - creating a refcount imbalance that prevents memory reclamation. Discovered by the Linux Verification Center using Syzkaller fuzzing; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS is very low at 0.02% (5th percentile), indicating minimal observed exploitation activity.
Uninitialized kernel memory is leaked to userspace through the xfrm_user subsystem's build_mapping() function in the Linux Kernel, where a one-byte compiler padding hole in struct xfrm_usersa_id after the proto field is never zeroed before the structure is copied across the kernel/userspace boundary. Authenticated local users with access to XFRM netlink interfaces can read this stale padding byte, potentially extracting kernel stack or heap fragments usable as an information disclosure primitive. No public exploit exists and EPSS is 0.02% (5th percentile), indicating negligible real-world exploitation probability at this time.
Linux kernel PF_KEY IPSEC key management exports leak uninitialized kernel memory via SADB_ACQUIRE, SADB_X_NAT_T_NEW_MAPPING, and SADB_X_MIGRATE messages, allowing local authenticated users to disclose sensitive kernel memory. EPSS score of 0.02% (percentile 5%) indicates minimal real-world exploitation despite patch availability. The 4-byte information leak per message could enable ASLR bypass and kernel address disclosure attacks.
Kernel crash in the Linux pinctrl mcp23s08 driver triggers a NULL pointer dereference during device probe when an MCP23S08/MCP23008 GPIO expander retains non-zero interrupt-on-change state across a warm reboot. The crash occurs because the driver's IRQ handler fires against pins whose nested IRQ handlers have not yet been registered, causing an unhandled kernel oops and system denial of service. Exploitation is local and device-specific; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS remains at 0.02% (5th percentile) consistent with no observed in-the-wild triggering.
NULL pointer dereference in the Linux kernel IPVS subsystem causes a kernel panic during IPVS service creation failure cleanup, resulting in a full host denial of service. Affected kernels from 6.2 onward contain a logic error in ip_vs_add_service() where a successful scheduler bind sets the local sched variable to NULL; if ip_vs_start_estimator() subsequently fails, the error path calls ip_vs_unbind_scheduler() with that NULL pointer, dereferencing offset 0x30 and triggering a general protection fault. Exploitation requires local authenticated access with CAP_NET_ADMIN privileges; no public exploit is identified and EPSS is 0.02%, indicating very low exploitation probability.
Kernel heap memory disclosure in Linux netfilter's nfnetlink_log subsystem exposes four bytes of stale kernel memory to unprivileged local userspace processes when NFLOG batch mode is active. The flaw exists in __nfulnl_send(), which appends an NLMSG_DONE terminator using nlmsg_put() - a helper that zero-pads alignment bytes but does not initialize the nfgenmsg payload itself - resulting in uninitialized kernel heap data transmitted to any userspace NFLOG consumer. No public exploit code exists and no active exploitation has been confirmed; however, CVSS vector AV:L/AC:L/PR:L signals that low-privileged local users can reliably trigger the leak without any special conditions beyond NFLOG batching being in use.
Denial-of-service via off-by-one allocation in the Linux kernel txgbe network driver allows a local low-privileged user to crash the kernel on systems hosting Wangxun 10GbE NICs. The driver allocates property_entry struct lists without reserving the mandatory null-terminator sentinel slot, meaning kernel subsystems iterating over the list read beyond allocated memory bounds. No active exploitation has been identified and EPSS is extremely low (0.02%, 5th percentile), but patches are available across multiple stable kernel branches including 6.6.136, 6.12.83, 6.18.24, 6.19.14, and 7.0.
Incorrect GENERIC_CMD register field masks in the Linux kernel's IPA (IP Accelerator) network driver for IPA v5.0+ hardware trigger a kernel WARN when a 'stop' command is sent to the MPSS (Modem Processor SubSystem) remoteproc while IPA is active. This availability-only vulnerability (CVSS C:N/I:N/A:H) affects authenticated local users on systems with Qualcomm IPA v5.0+ silicon. No public exploit exists and no KEV listing is present; with an EPSS of 0.02% this is a low-urgency stability fix rather than an active threat.
Integer overflow in the Linux kernel's l2tp subsystem allows a local low-privileged attacker to cause a denial of service by sending oversized packets through a PPPoL2TP socket with UDP encapsulation. In l2tp_xmit_core() (net/l2tp/l2tp_core.c:1293), the UDP length field - constrained to 16 bits - is assigned a packet length value without any bounds check, silently truncating values exceeding 65535 bytes and producing malformed UDP frames on the wire or triggering a kernel WARN. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV, but a syzbot reproducer is publicly documented in the upstream patch discussion.
Out-of-bounds array write in the Linux kernel's Intel uncore PMU driver (`perf/x86/intel/uncore`) causes denial of service on affected Intel multi-die x86 systems. The driver fails to skip discovery table parsing for dies whose CPUs are all offline at boot, allowing the assignment `pmu->boxes[die] = box` in `uncore_pci_pmu_register()` to overflow the boxes array, triggering a kernel WARN or potential memory corruption. Exploitation requires local low-privilege access under a specific hardware and boot configuration; no public exploit exists and EPSS is 0.02%, indicating negligible real-world exploitation likelihood.
Local denial-of-service in the Linux kernel's AEAD crypto socket interface (`algif_aead`) allows a low-privileged local user to crash the kernel by submitting a decryption request where the minimum receive buffer size check fails to account for the authentication tag length. The CVSS vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H) confirms this is a locally exploitable, high-availability-impact issue with no confidentiality or integrity risk. Patches have been released across multiple Linux LTS stable branches (5.10.254, 5.15.204, 6.1.170, 6.6.136, 6.12.83, 6.18.24, 6.19.14, 7.0) and Ubuntu has issued multiple USN advisories (USN-8277-1 through USN-8281-1). No public exploit code has been identified and EPSS is 0.02%, indicating no public exploitation activity.
Misuse of the `__copy_user_nocache()` function in the Linux kernel's x86-64 subsystem - specifically within NTB driver code and several other drivers - causes STAC/CLAC (SMAP-disabling) instructions to execute during kernel-to-kernel memory copies where no user-space access is actually performed. This incorrect usage defeats the Supervisor Mode Access Prevention (SMAP) protection temporarily and, critically, attaches user-space exception handling semantics to pure kernel copies; if a machine check exception or memory fault occurs during this window, the kernel may not handle it gracefully, resulting in a kernel panic. The CVSS availability-high rating (A:H) reflects this crash potential for any local authenticated user able to trigger the affected driver paths. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and EPSS probability is negligible at 0.02%.
Unchecked return value in the drm/vc4 DRM driver allows a local low-privileged user to cause a kernel crash and denial of service on systems equipped with Broadcom VideoCore 4 GPU hardware. The driver's initialization path passes the return value of platform_get_irq_byname() - which returns a negative errno on failure - directly into devm_request_threaded_irq() without validation, causing undefined kernel behavior when IRQ resource lookup fails. No public exploit exists and EPSS is 0.02% (7th percentile), but unpatched systems running the vc4 module (primarily Raspberry Pi devices) remain susceptible to local DoS via kernel crash.
Resource leak in the Linux kernel's Bluetooth hci_ll driver allows a local authenticated user to cause kernel memory exhaustion by repeatedly triggering an error path in download_firmware() where firmware objects allocated by request_firmware() are never released when their content is invalid. Systems equipped with Texas Instruments Bluetooth hardware (using the hci_ll driver) are affected across numerous stable kernel branches dating back to Linux 4.12. No public exploit exists and EPSS is 0.02% (7th percentile), classifying this as a low-urgency maintenance fix; patches are available across all actively maintained stable branches.
Repeated data loss occurs on Linux kernel systems using ext4 filesystems due to the `ext4_mb_find_by_goal()` function failing to skip corrupted block groups during block allocation. Affected kernels from commit 163a203ddb36 through multiple stable branches will continuously attempt to allocate blocks from a group flagged `EXT4_MB_GRP_BBITMAP_CORRUPT`, producing kernel error messages stating 'This should not happen!! Data will be lost' and causing permanent inode data loss. No public exploit has been identified and EPSS is 0.02%, but the availability impact is rated High; this is a resilience defect in ext4 error-handling that requires local access and pre-existing filesystem corruption to manifest.
Buffer-head reference leak in Linux kernel ext4 fast-commit replay (ext4_fc_replay_inode()) allows local authenticated users to exhaust kernel memory, resulting in denial of service. Four distinct error paths in the function skip the mandatory brelse() call on iloc.bh, and the function previously masked all errors by always returning 0. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS at 0.02% (7th percentile) reflects very low real-world exploitation probability and no CISA KEV listing corroborates the absence of observed active exploitation.
Availability impact in the Linux kernel's ext4 filesystem subsystem arises from improperly managed discard workqueue lifecycle during remount and unmount operations. When a filesystem mounted with `-o discard` is remounted with `-o nodiscard` and then immediately unmounted, pending `s_discard_work` workqueue items are neither cancelled nor flushed before superblock teardown, potentially causing the work callback to reference freed memory and crash the kernel. Patch commits are confirmed across multiple stable branches; EPSS is 0.02% (7th percentile) and no KEV listing or public exploit exists, indicating negligible real-world exploitation risk outside of automated fuzzer (syzkaller) scenarios.
Resource leak in the Linux kernel dmaengine idxd subsystem allows a local low-privileged user to cause availability impact on systems equipped with Intel DSA (Data Streaming Accelerator) or IAA (Intel Analytics Accelerator) hardware. The .release() callback for the associated workqueue fails to free the workqueue when the device object is destroyed, meaning repeated allocation and deallocation cycles progressively exhaust kernel workqueue resources. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and an EPSS score of 0.02% (7th percentile) confirms negligible real-world exploitation probability; however, patched stable kernel releases are available and should be applied on affected hardware platforms.
TX deadlock in the Linux kernel's 8250 serial UART driver permanently blocks DMA transmissions when a DMA transaction is terminated without its completion callback executing. Specifically, `dmaengine_terminate_async` does not guarantee that `__dma_tx_complete` runs, leaving `dma->tx_running` permanently set and preventing any subsequent TX DMA scheduling. This availability-only denial-of-service (CVSS A:H) requires local low-privileged access and only manifests on systems with 8250 UART hardware operating in DMA mode; no public exploit exists and no KEV listing is present.
Local denial-of-service in the Linux kernel's vidtv virtual DVB media driver allows an authenticated local user to crash the kernel via a NULL pointer dereference triggered by uninitialized struct fields in vidtv_ts_null_write_into() and vidtv_ts_pcr_write_into(). Affected kernel versions span from commit f90cf6079bf6 across multiple stable branches through Linux 5.10, with fixes backported to 6.6.136, 6.12.83, 6.18.24, 6.19.14, 7.0.1, and 7.1-rc1. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS is 0.02% (7th percentile), and this CVE is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog, reflecting its low real-world exploitation likelihood.
Memory leak in f2fs_rename() function allows local authenticated attackers to cause denial of service through repeated file rename operations. The vulnerability exists in the f2fs filesystem implementation when handling SELinux label initialization during whiteout file creation, due to a missing f2fs_free_filename() call introduced in commit 40b2d55e0452. Vendor patches are available for Linux 6.6.136, 6.12.84, 6.18.25, 7.0.2, and 7.1-rc1.
Filesystem hang in the Linux kernel FUSE subsystem allows a local low-privileged user to cause a denial of service by triggering a deadlock during synchronous FUSE initialization. When the FUSE userspace server exits or crashes while processing FUSE_INIT via the sync init path, the mounting thread retains the device file descriptor open, blocking the kernel abort mechanism and causing an indefinite hang. Affecting Linux kernel versions through 6.18, this is a regression from the async mount behavior; fixes are available in 7.0.2, 6.18.25, and 7.1-rc1. No public exploit exists and EPSS is 0.02% (4th percentile), indicating negligible active exploitation probability.
Wrong directory separator usage in the Linux kernel SMB client (CIFS) subsystem corrupts path handling on SMB1 UNIX mounts, causing mounted shares to become unavailable. The bug in `cifs_mount_get_tcon()` reads `cifs_sb->mnt_cifs_flags` before `reset_cifs_unix_caps()` initializes it, leaving `CIFS_MOUNT_POSIX_PATHS` and `CIFS_MOUNT_POSIXACL` bits unset and triggering a high-availability impact (CVSS A:H) for affected mounts. No public exploit exists and EPSS is 0.02% (5th percentile), reflecting the niche SMB1 UNIX mount prerequisite and local-only attack surface.
Integer overflow in the ksmbd SMB server component of the Linux kernel allows a local low-privileged user to corrupt DACL buffer memory by creating files with a high number of POSIX ACL entries. The functions set_posix_acl_entries_dacl() and set_ntacl_dacl() accumulate ACE sizes in u16 variables; when those totals exceed 65535, pointer arithmetic redirects subsequent writes into already-written ACE data, producing a malformed DACL with a truncated size field and potential kernel memory corruption within the ksmbd subsystem. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and the EPSS score of 0.02% (5th percentile) confirms minimal exploitation interest, consistent with the local-only attack vector.
Use-after-free vulnerability in the ALSA caiaq USB audio driver allows local authenticated attackers to cause denial of service by triggering asynchronous card free callbacks after USB device disconnection. The vulnerability stems from missing reference counting on the parent USB device pointer, combined with an inappropriate usb_reset_device() call in the card teardown path. EPSS exploitation probability is minimal (0.02%), and no public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified.
tcm_loop target reset handler fails to drain in-flight SCSI commands, violating SCSI error handling contract and causing LUN reference leaks that deadlock configfs LUN unlink operations. Local users with appropriate privileges can trigger denial of service by initiating reset sequences while SCSI commands are in flight, leaving the kernel in an unkillable D-state waiting for LUN reference counts to clear. This is a local denial of service affecting the SCSI target core's tcm_loop loopback driver across multiple kernel versions.
XFS filesystem crashes during log recovery when inodes with node-format extended attributes are inactivated following an untimely log shutdown, due to stale metadata block references in the attribute B-tree. Unprivileged local attackers with write access to XFS filesystems can trigger this denial-of-service condition by inducing log shutdown during extended attribute cleanup, causing the filesystem to unmount and require repair. The vulnerability affects Linux kernel versions prior to 6.19.12 and later stable branches.
Kernel denial of service via crafted btrfs metadata allowing local attackers to trigger an unguarded BUG_ON() condition during relocation recovery at mount time. The vulnerability arises when a root item on disk contains a non-zero drop_progress with zero drop_level, an invalid state that should not exist but lacks validation on read. CVSS 5.5 reflects local attack vector and availability impact; EPSS 0.02% indicates minimal real-world exploitation likelihood.
Memory corruption and page reference leaks in the Linux kernel mshv (Microsoft Hyper-V) module occur when pin_user_pages_fast() returns a partial pin count, which the current code incorrectly treats as success. A local authenticated attacker with privileges can trigger this vulnerability to corrupt memory or cause denial of service on systems using the mshv module, particularly in Hyper-V guest environments.
Denial of service in the Linux kernel AF_ALG crypto interface allows local authenticated attackers to trigger a NULL pointer dereference and kernel panic by sending sequential sendmsg() calls that cause scatter-gather list chain operations to fail to properly unmark SGL boundaries. The vulnerability occurs when AF_ALG allocates chained SGL structures without clearing end markers on previous entries, causing the crypto scatterwalk to encounter premature termination and dereference NULL pointers. CVSS 5.5 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L) reflects local-only attack requirement with low complexity; EPSS 0.02% (7th percentile) indicates minimal real-world exploitation risk despite kernel panic severity.
Memory exhaustion denial of service in the Linux kernel's QRTR (Qualcomm IPC Router) networking subsystem allows a local low-privileged user to leak kernel memory by triggering mid-allocation failures in the deprecated radix_tree API used for qrtr_tx_flow tracking. Orphaned intermediate radix tree nodes accumulate permanently because radix_tree_for_each_slot() only visits leaf slots and standard cleanup paths never reclaim them. The fix migrates to xarray, whose xa_destroy() correctly frees all internal nodes; no active exploitation is confirmed (EPSS 0.02%, no KEV listing), making this a routine patch-cycle priority rather than an emergency response.
Linux kernel GSO feature check reads uninitialized IPv4 header data when processing packets from PF_PACKET paths, causing kernel memory disclosure or denial of service. The vulnerability affects multiple kernel versions before 6.12.81, 6.19.12, and 7.0, and requires local user access to trigger via raw packet injection.
Information disclosure in the Linux kernel's traffic control (tc) scheduler allows local users with low privileges to read uninitialized kernel heap memory through the tc_chain_fill_node() function, which fails to zero-initialize the tcm_info field in netlink messages before transmission to userspace. The vulnerability affects multiple stable kernel series and has a vendor-released patch available across all affected versions.
A local denial of service vulnerability in the Linux kernel bnxt_en driver allows authenticated local users to crash the system by triggering an out-of-bounds array access during backing store capability queries. The vulnerability stems from incorrect use of firmware-provided type values to index fixed metadata arrays, rather than using the known loop iteration index. Exploitation requires local access and user-level privileges (PR:L), and no active exploitation has been reported.
Denial of service in the Linux kernel NFC PN533 UART driver allows local authenticated attackers to exhaust memory by sending malformed NFC frames without valid headers, causing unbounded socket buffer growth until kernel crash. Affects Linux 5.5 through 7.0 with patches available across all maintained stable branches (5.10.253, 5.15.203, 6.1.168, 6.6.134, 6.12.81, 6.18.22, 6.19.12, and 7.0); EPSS exploitation probability is minimal at 0.02%, but local privilege is required.
Information disclosure in the Linux kernel netfilter ctnetlink module allows local authenticated users to read stale NAT configuration data from kernel memory via a crafted netlink message. When ctnetlink_alloc_expect() allocates connection tracking expectations without initializing NAT fields, uninitialized memory containing sensitive data from previous slab allocations is exposed to userspace during expectation dumps. This requires local access and low-privileged authentication (PR:L) but carries a high availability impact due to potential memory disclosure vectors.
Denial of service in Linux kernel netfilter nf_tables subsystem allows local privileged users to crash the system by issuing immediate NF_QUEUE verdicts, which are not properly validated and cause kernel panic when processed through the arp family or other code paths that lack queue support. The vulnerability affects multiple kernel versions and requires local access with limited privileges (CAP_NET_ADMIN or equivalent) to exploit.
Local privilege escalation in Linux kernel Bluetooth subsystem allows authenticated local users to cause denial of service through improper resource management in hci_cmd_sync_queue_once() function. The vulnerability affects Bluetooth HCI synchronization queue handling, where the function fails to properly indicate queue item addition status, leading to potential resource leaks and system unavailability. EPSS score of 0.02% indicates minimal real-world exploitation probability despite moderate CVSS severity.
Memory and reference leaks in the Linux kernel Bluetooth hci_sync subsystem allow local authenticated attackers to cause denial of service by triggering hci_cmd_sync_queue_once() failures without invoking the destroy callback, leading to unreclaimed resources. The vulnerability affects Linux kernel versions prior to 6.19.12 and 7.0, with EPSS score of 0.02% indicating very low real-world exploitation probability despite moderate CVSS score.
Linux kernel Bluetooth MGMT subsystem fails to validate the advertised data length field in mesh send operations, allowing local authenticated attackers to trigger denial of service by reading beyond allocated buffer boundaries. The vulnerability affects the mesh_send() function which accepts a truncated MGMT_OP_MESH_SEND command that passes length checks but contains mismatched adv_data_len and actual payload, leading to out-of-bounds access during async mesh transmission. Patch versions include 6.6.134, 6.12.81, 6.1.168, 6.18.22, and 7.0.
Memory leak in the MACB (Cadence Gigabit Ethernet Controller) driver allows local authenticated attackers to cause denial of service through resource exhaustion by failing to unregister fixed-rate clocks allocated during device probe, resulting in memory and clock resource depletion. EPSS exploitation probability is minimal at 0.02%, indicating low real-world risk despite CVSS score of 5.5. Patch versions are available across all supported kernel branches (5.10.253, 5.15.203, 6.1.168, 6.6.134, 6.12.81, 6.18.22, 6.19.12, 7.0).
Null pointer dereference in Linux kernel net/mlx5 LAG (Link Aggregation) driver allows local authenticated attackers to cause denial of service by accessing debugfs interfaces when LAG device context is invalid. The vulnerability exists in mlx5_ldev_add_debugfs() which creates debugfs entries without validating that a valid LAG context exists, exposing the members file and other interfaces that depend on a valid ldev pointer. EPSS exploitation probability is 0.02% (percentile 7%), indicating low real-world exploitation likelihood despite the vulnerability's availability for patching.
A denial of service vulnerability in the Linux kernel's mlx5 (Mellanox/NVIDIA) network driver causes a kernel panic when switchdev mode initialization fails during rollback to legacy mode. A local unprivileged user on systems with affected mlx5 hardware can trigger improper netdevice unregistration, leading to a kernel BUG at net/core/dev.c:12070 and system crash. The vulnerability affects multiple stable kernel versions; vendor-released patches are available.
Denial of service in Linux kernel eBPF subsystem allows local attackers with standard privileges to crash the system by attaching sleepable eBPF kprobe_multi programs that invoke non-sleepable contexts. The vulnerability exists because bpf_kprobe_multi_link_attach() fails to validate the sleepable flag before program attachment, permitting sleepable helpers like bpf_copy_from_user() to execute in atomic RCU contexts, triggering kernel panics with 'sleeping function called from invalid context' errors. EPSS exploitation probability is very low at 0.02%, suggesting practical exploitation barriers despite local network access requirements.
Denial of service via null pointer dereference in Linux kernel gpio-qixis-fpga driver affects local users with limited privileges. The driver incorrectly checks for NULL return value from devm_regmap_init_mmio(), which returns ERR_PTR() on failure, allowing a local attacker with user-level privileges to trigger a kernel panic by causing improper error handling. EPSS score is low (0.02%), indicating limited exploitation probability despite CVSS 5.5 severity.
Incomplete cleanup in the Linux kernel STM32 OSPI SPI driver exposes local low-privileged users to availability impact on STM32-based systems. The `spi-stm32-ospi` driver's `remove()` callback exits prematurely when `pm_runtime_resume_and_get()` fails, skipping deallocation of the SPI controller and associated resources, which can cause resource exhaustion and system instability upon device unbind or driver removal. No public exploit exists and EPSS at 0.02% (4th percentile) reflects extremely low exploitation probability; this is a narrow-impact issue constrained to embedded hardware running STM32 OSPI peripherals.
The Intel Xe GPU driver's page fault handler in the Linux kernel fails to reject write and atomic access requests targeting read-only Virtual Memory Areas (VMAs), allowing a local unprivileged user to trigger kernel instability or a system crash. Systems running Linux kernel versions prior to 6.19.12 or 7.0 that contain Intel Xe-architecture GPU hardware (Arc discrete GPUs, Meteor Lake/Lunar Lake integrated graphics) are affected. No public exploit exists and EPSS probability sits at 0.02%, indicating very low observed exploitation activity; the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV.
A denial-of-service vulnerability in the Linux kernel's DRM/XE PXP (Protected Execution) driver causes an infinite loop when a restart flag is not cleared after a jump operation, allowing local authenticated users to hang or crash the system. The vulnerability affects multiple kernel versions through a logic error in the pxp_start function that was resolved in stable patches for Linux 6.18.22, 6.19.12, and 7.0.
Resource leak in the Linux kernel's Amlogic A4 SPI Flash Controller (spifc-a4) driver causes availability impact on affected embedded systems. The aml_sfc_probe() function registers a NAND ECC engine but omits the corresponding nand_ecc_unregister_on_host_hw_engine() call on both probe failure unwind and device removal paths. On hardware running affected kernel versions (6.18 through pre-patch commits), this leaves a dangling registered ECC engine that can cause system instability or denial-of-service. No public exploit code exists and EPSS probability is 0.02%, reflecting this is a niche, hardware-specific driver bug with no confirmed active exploitation.
Speculative execution (Spectre v1) in the Linux kernel's DRM compat ioctl subsystem (drm/ioc32) allows a local attacker with access to a DRM device to leak kernel memory by supplying a crafted, out-of-bounds index into the kernel's compat ioctl function pointer table, which the CPU speculatively dereferences before a bounds check resolves. The 'Information Disclosure' classification from Red Hat and SUSE tagging directly contradicts the provided CVSS rating of C:N/A:H - Spectre-class gadgets canonically produce confidentiality impact, not availability impact, and this discrepancy warrants verification against the vendor's official scoring rationale. No active exploitation is confirmed (not in CISA KEV), and the EPSS of 0.02% (7th percentile) reflects the high technical bar Spectre exploitation imposes.
Denial of service in the Linux kernel ALSA ctxfi audio driver allows local authenticated attackers to crash the system via improper error handling in the daio_device_index() function. The ctxfi driver failed to validate return values from index mapping operations, enabling a local user with standard privileges to trigger an unhandled error condition that disables audio functionality or causes system instability.
Deadlock in the Linux Kernel PCI/IOV SR-IOV subsystem allows a local low-privileged user to trigger a kernel hang via a recursive mutex acquisition, resulting in a complete denial of service on the affected host. The root cause is commit 05703271c3cd, which added pci_rescan_remove_lock around SR-IOV enable/disable operations without accounting for the re-entrant path where sriov_del_vfs() is invoked from within pci_stop_and_remove_bus_device_locked(), which already holds the same lock. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and EPSS probability is negligible at 0.02%, consistent with the local-only attack vector.
Denial of service in the Linux kernel's iris media driver results from improper error-path handling during internal buffer allocation. When DMA allocation via dma_alloc_attrs() fails, a partially initialized buffer that was prematurely added to the internal buffers->list remains in that list, leading to inconsistent kernel state and potential resource leaks or NULL-pointer dereferences on subsequent access. Affected systems running Linux 6.15 through pre-patch versions of 6.18 and 6.19 with the iris media subsystem active are at risk; no public exploit has been identified and EPSS is 0.02%, indicating low exploitation probability at time of analysis.
Kernel crash in the Linux remoteproc imx_rproc subsystem (NXP i.MX platform) allows a local authenticated attacker to trigger a denial of service by loading firmware that lacks a resource table. The root cause is imx_rproc_elf_find_loaded_rsc_table() returning a stale non-NULL priv->rsc_table pointer even when rproc->table_ptr is NULL, causing the remoteproc core to dereference what it incorrectly treats as a valid loaded resource table. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and EPSS at 0.02% (7th percentile) reflects the narrow hardware-specific attack surface.
Kernel oops (crash) in the Linux kernel brcmfmac SDIO Wi-Fi driver allows a local low-privileged user to cause a denial-of-service by triggering a probe failure on Broadcom SDIO Wi-Fi hardware. The root cause is a double-assignment of sdiodev->bus across brcmf_sdio_probe() and brcmf_sdiod_probe(), leaving an invalid (non-NULL, error-valued) pointer that brcmf_sdio_remove() later dereferences during cleanup. No public exploit has been identified, EPSS is at the 4th percentile, and this is not listed in CISA KEV; risk is primarily a kernel stability concern in specific hardware configurations.
Missing mutex locking around the `mfd_of_node_list` linked list in the Linux kernel's Multi-Function Device (MFD) core subsystem allows a local low-privileged attacker to trigger a race condition, resulting in a kernel crash and denial of service. The vulnerability spans multiple stable kernel branches from the introducing commit 466a62d7642f through patched releases in 6.1.165, 6.6.128, 6.12.75, 6.18.16, 6.19.6, and 7.0. No public exploit exists and the EPSS score of 0.02% (7th percentile) reflects negligible community exploitation interest; this is not listed in CISA KEV.
Memory exhaustion in the Linux kernel's iris gen1 media driver allows a local low-privileged user to progressively consume kernel memory until session close, causing a denial of service. The iris driver fails to destroy internal firmware-managed buffers upon receiving the firmware release response, with the leak compounding across video resolution changes as each change allocates new buffers without reclaiming the prior set. No public exploit exists and EPSS sits at the 4th percentile, indicating negligible opportunistic exploitation risk; impact is limited to availability on systems with iris-compatible media hardware.
NULL pointer dereference in the Linux kernel's HID magicmouse driver allows a local attacker with low privileges to crash the kernel by connecting a crafted USB device that impersonates an Apple Magic Mouse. When a fake USB device provides a custom report descriptor, the input_mapping() hook is never called, leaving msc->input as NULL; subsequent access in input_configured() causes a kernel panic and complete availability loss. No public exploit exists and EPSS is negligible at 0.02% (7th percentile), but the impact is a full system denial of service when exploitation conditions are met.
NULL pointer dereference in the Linux kernel's ASoC SOF Intel HDA audio subsystem crashes the kernel when DAI link topology mismatches occur. The function hda_dai_get_ops in the snd_sof_intel_hda_common module dereferences an uninitialized widget pointer - particularly during loopback capture echo reference operations using dummy DAI links with a broken topology. A local low-privileged user on an affected Intel SOF HDA system can trigger a kernel panic, causing a denial of service. No active exploitation has been identified (EPSS 0.02%, 5th percentile, no CISA KEV listing), and patches are available in multiple stable kernel branches.
Kernel denial-of-service via crafted USB HID descriptor in the Linux logitech-hidpp driver allows an attacker controlling a USB gadget device to crash the kernel by presenting a report descriptor with zero fields. The missing maxfield bounds check in hidpp_get_report_length() causes the kernel to dereference invalid memory when the hid-logitech-hidpp module processes the malformed descriptor. No active exploitation confirmed (not in CISA KEV), and EPSS at 0.02% (7th percentile) reflects very low real-world exploitation probability despite the broad Linux kernel footprint.
Resource leak in the Linux kernel cx23885 media driver's ALSA interface causes local denial of service on systems with Conexant 23885 PCI TV tuner hardware. The `snd_cx23885_hw_params()` function fails to call `cx23885_alsa_dma_unmap()` in its error path, leaving DMA resources allocated by `cx23885_alsa_dma_map()` unreleased. A low-privileged local attacker on an affected system can repeatedly trigger the error path to exhaust DMA resources, crashing the kernel subsystem. No public exploit exists and EPSS is 0.02% (7th percentile), reflecting extremely low real-world exploitation probability.
Denial of service in Linux kernel dm-verity subsystem allows local authenticated users to crash the system by triggering dm_bufio_client_create() failure in verity_fec_ctr(), which incorrectly passes an error pointer to dm_bufio_client_destroy(). The vulnerability requires local access and authenticated privileges but no user interaction, affecting dm-verity configurations with forward error correction enabled.
Null pointer dereference in the Linux kernel AMD power management (drm/amd/pm) subsystem causes denial of service when SMU (System Management Unit) is disabled during RAS (Reliability, Availability, and Serviceability) initialization. Local authenticated attackers with low privileges can trigger this crash on affected systems, resulting in kernel panic and system unavailability. EPSS exploitation probability is very low (0.02%), indicating this requires specific configuration and local access.
Hard-lockup in Linux kernel IOMMU/VT-d subsystem when flushing device IOTLB during PCIe link-down events affects systems using scalable mode with PASID support. Local authenticated attackers can trigger denial of service by causing PCIe device disconnection followed by resource cleanup operations, such as releasing VFIO group file descriptors, which deadlock the system while attempting ATS invalidation on inaccessible devices. Patch available across multiple stable kernel series.
Linux kernel page fault in ima_restore_measurement_list() when the second-stage kernel is booted via kexec with memory-limiting command lines such as 'mem=<size>' allows local authenticated users to cause a denial of service by triggering an out-of-bounds memory access. The vulnerability occurs on x86_64 architectures when the IMA measurement buffer from the previous kernel falls outside the addressable RAM of the new kernel, resulting in a kernel panic during early IMA restoration.
A circular locking dependency in the Linux kernel's ntfs3 filesystem driver allows local authenticated attackers with low privileges to cause a denial of service (system hang or crash) by triggering simultaneous operations that deadlock between the MFT run lock and bitmap read-write lock. The vulnerability affects kernel versions prior to 6.18.16, 6.19.6, and 7.0, and requires local access with user-level privileges to exploit.
Denial of service via null pointer dereference in Linux kernel's pstore persistent storage subsystem occurs when the vmap() function fails but the persistent_ram_vmap() function incorrectly returns success if a non-zero offset is present, allowing subsequent buffer access to dereference invalid memory and cause system crashes. Affects Linux kernel versions prior to 5.10.252, 5.15.202, 6.1.165, 6.6.128, 6.12.75, 6.18.16, 6.19.6, and 7.0. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but vendor-released patches are available across multiple stable branches.
NULL pointer dereference in the Linux kernel framebuffer console (fbcon) subsystem allows a local low-privilege user to crash the system. The function con2fb_acquire_newinfo() fails to check the return value of fbcon_open(); when fbcon_open() fails, info->fbcon_par remains NULL and is subsequently dereferenced, triggering a kernel panic. Patches are available across all active stable branches (5.15.x through 7.0), EPSS is 0.02% at the 7th percentile, and no confirmed active exploitation is recorded in CISA KEV.
NULL pointer dereference in the Linux Kernel ACPI processor subsystem crashes the host system when the cpuidle driver initialization path is invoked in an inconsistent state. Affected kernel builds introduced this regression after commit 7a8c994cbb2d relocated ACPI idle driver registration, leaving the check in `__acpi_processor_start()` referencing a driver that no longer exists at that point in initialization; `__cpuidle_register_device()` then dereferences a NULL pointer, triggering a kernel panic. No public exploit has been identified and EPSS stands at 0.02% (4th percentile), consistent with a reliability regression rather than a targeted attack.
Race condition in the Linux kernel io_uring zero-copy receive (zcrx) subsystem allows a local low-privileged attacker on SMP systems running kernel 6.15 through 6.18.15 or 6.19.0-6.19.5 to trigger a double-free of a network I/O vector (niov) and subsequently corrupt adjacent kernel heap memory with an out-of-bounds write. The root cause is a non-atomic check-then-decrement in io_zcrx_put_niov_uref() racing against atomic_xchg() in io_zcrx_scrub(), which bypasses the rq_lock serialization. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis; EPSS at 0.02% (4th percentile) confirms negligible current exploitation probability.
Use-after-free vulnerability in the Linux kernel rpmsg subsystem allows local attackers with low privileges to cause denial of service by exploiting a race condition between driver_override_show() and driver_override_store() functions. The show function reads the driver_override string without holding the device_lock while the store function modifies and frees it under lock, creating a window for memory corruption. The vulnerability requires local access and non-default timing conditions (AC:H), limiting real-world exploitation probability to 0.02% per EPSS scoring.
Memory leak in rtw88 WiFi driver allows local authenticated attackers to cause denial of service via supported band allocation failure. The rtw_set_supported_band() function in the rtl8821ce WiFi driver failed to free allocated memory in error paths during hardware registration, enabling a local privilege escalation attack that exhausts kernel memory. EPSS exploitation probability is very low (0.02%), indicating this is a hardening fix rather than a critical vulnerability.
Resource leak in Linux kernel's most_register_interface() function allows local attackers with low privileges to cause denial of service through memory exhaustion. The vulnerability occurs when most_register_interface() fails during early initialization stages, returning error codes without properly releasing allocated device resources via put_device(). Patch versions 6.12.75, 6.18.16, 6.19.6, and 7.0 address this issue.
Memory leak in hfsplus filesystem driver causes denial of service when superblock setup fails during mount operations. The vulnerability affects Linux kernels when hfsplus is mounted and the setup_bdev_super() function fails after superblock allocation but before hfsplus_fill_super() completes, leaving filesystem-specific data unfreed. Local authenticated users can trigger this condition to exhaust kernel memory and crash the system.
Data race conditions in the Linux kernel Bluetooth subsystem allow local authenticated attackers to cause denial of service by triggering concurrent access to hdev->req_status without proper synchronization. The vulnerability exists in the HCI synchronous command processing path where __hci_cmd_sync_sk() and multiple other functions access the same variable across different workqueues without holding locks, potentially causing memory corruption or system hangs.
Data corruption in Linux kernel btrfs filesystem log replay allows local authenticated attackers to cause files to retain incorrect sizes after crash recovery. When a file is truncated to zero bytes, fssynced, and then a hardlink is created, the file incorrectly retains its pre-truncation size after a power failure and log replay, resulting in data integrity violation with availability impact.
Denial of service in Linux kernel tiny SRCU (Synchronize-RCU) subsystem allows local authenticated attackers to trigger a system hang or crash by invoking call_srcu() while holding scheduler locks, causing a circular lock dependency and potential deadlock. The vulnerability affects kernel versions before 6.19.14 and 7.0, with EPSS score of 0.02% indicating low real-world exploitation probability despite moderate CVSS severity.
Linux kernel shadow stack implementation fails to check for errors from mmap_read_lock_killable() in shstk_pop_sigframe(), allowing a local authenticated attacker to trigger a denial of service by causing the function to proceed with a failed lock acquisition. The vulnerability affects multiple stable kernel versions prior to patched releases 6.18.24, 6.19.14, and 7.0, with EPSS exploitation probability of 0.02% suggesting low real-world exploit likelihood despite the availability of a vendor patch.
A denial of service vulnerability in the Linux kernel's Qualcomm PD mapper service registry causes system crashes due to mismatched string element length validation in servreg_loc_pfr_req_ei. When a process daemon crashes and triggers a service registry location request, the QMI decoder rejects the reason field because its declared maximum length (65 bytes) is smaller than the actual field size (81 bytes), causing a decoding error and system halt. This affects all Linux kernel versions prior to the patch, triggered by local processes with standard user privileges.
Denial of service in Linux kernel xfrm (IPsec transform) subsystem allows local authenticated attackers to trigger a kernel panic via improper netlink message size calculation when handling XFRM_MSG_GETAE requests for states with interface ID set. The xfrm_aevent_msgsize() function fails to account for XFRMA_IF_ID attribute space, causing build_aevent() to exceed buffer bounds and hit a BUG_ON assertion, resulting in kernel crash. EPSS exploitation probability is very low at 0.02% despite the local attack vector, suggesting limited real-world impact.
Memory leak in the Linux kernel's Direct Rendering Manager (DRM) vc4 driver allows local authenticated attackers to exhaust kernel memory and trigger a denial of service condition. The vulnerability stems from a missing kfree() call in vc4_free_hang_state() that fails to release a separately allocated BO (buffer object) array, enabling persistent memory exhaustion through repeated hang state operations.
Memory leak in the Linux kernel's vc4 DRM driver allows local authenticated attackers to cause denial of service via memory exhaustion in hang state error handling. The vc4_save_hang_state() function fails to free allocated kernel_state memory on early return paths, enabling a local user with limited privileges to trigger repeated memory leaks and degrade system availability.
Denial of service in Linux kernel lapbether driver allows local authenticated attackers to crash the system by triggering a device type change that violates the ARPHRD_ETHER requirement when transmitting data. The vulnerability exists in the lapbeth_data_transmit() function which assumes the underlying device type remains Ethernet; a local user with low privileges can manipulate the bonding driver to change the device type, causing the kernel to reach an unhandled state and crash. EPSS score of 0.02% indicates low real-world exploitation probability despite the vulnerability being patched across multiple kernel versions.
Memory leak in the Airoha QDMA RX packet processing function allows local authenticated attackers to cause a denial of service through resource exhaustion. The vulnerability occurs when page pool fragments fail to properly return to the pool during error handling in airoha_qdma_rx_process(), allowing an attacker with local access and low privileges to exhaust kernel memory and crash the system. EPSS exploitation probability is extremely low at 0.02%, reflecting the local-only attack vector and privilege requirement.
Null pointer dereference in Linux kernel bridge VLAN filtering code allows local authenticated attackers to trigger a denial of service via a crafted RTM_NEWLINK netlink message with BR_BOOLOPT_FDB_LOCAL_VLAN_0 flag when CONFIG_BRIDGE_VLAN_FILTERING is disabled. The vulnerability occurs because br_fdb_delete_locals_per_vlan_port() and br_fdb_insert_locals_per_vlan_port() dereference a NULL vlan group pointer without validation, causing a kernel panic. No public exploit code identified at time of analysis.
Denial of service via NULL pointer dereference in the NFC s3fwrn5 driver's UART receive handler allows local authenticated attackers to crash the system. The vulnerability exists in s3fwrn82_uart_read() which consumes bytes from the serial device before allocating a fresh receive buffer; if memory allocation fails after bytes are already consumed, the function incorrectly reports success while leaving the receive buffer NULL, causing a NULL dereference on the next skb_put_u8() call. This affects Linux kernel versions 5.11 and later, with patches available for stable branches 6.6.136, 6.12.83, 6.18.24, 6.19.14, and 7.0.
Infinite vCPU fault loop in the Linux kernel's mshv (Microsoft Hypervisor) subsystem allows a local guest VM process to permanently spin a host vCPU thread, exhausting host CPU resources. The flaw exists in mshv_handle_gpa_intercept(), which unconditionally attempts page remaps on all movable-memory faults regardless of access permission - when a guest writes to a read-only Guest Physical Address region, the remap succeeds but the region retains its read-only designation, causing an immediate re-fault in a tight loop. Affected kernel versions run from commit b9a66cd5ccbb9fade15d0e427e19470d8ad35b75 through the fix commits; patched releases 6.19.14 and 7.0 are available. No public exploit has been identified and EPSS is 0.01%, consistent with the local, hypervisor-specific attack surface.
Linux kernel ASoC SDCA subsystem crashes on sound card teardown due to IRQ lifecycle mismanagement, causing a local denial of service. IRQ handlers registered via devm_request_threaded_irq() during component probe retain stale references to freed card and kcontrol structures after the sound card is torn down, resulting in null or dangling pointer dereferences and kernel panic. Exploitation requires local low-privilege access and SDCA-capable audio hardware; no public exploit exists and EPSS is extremely low at 0.02% (5th percentile).
NULL pointer dereference in the Linux kernel ixgbevf driver crashes Hyper-V guest VMs during device probe, causing a kernel panic and complete denial of service. The regression was introduced when commit a7075f501bd3 added a .negotiate_features callback to ixgbe_mac_operations and populated it for the standard ops table (ixgbevf_mac_ops) but omitted it from the Hyper-V-specific table (ixgbevf_hv_mac_ops), leaving that pointer NULL on Hyper-V guests. Any Linux system running on Microsoft Hyper-V with an Intel ixgbevf virtual NIC is subject to an automatic kernel crash at module load or boot; no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis and EPSS is 0.02%, reflecting a narrow but reliable impact on the specific deployment combination.
The AF_XDP socket subsystem (xsk) in the Linux kernel fails to validate that a network device's MTU fits within the usable UMEM frame space at bind time, allowing a local low-privileged user to trigger a kernel denial of service. Usable frame space - chunk size minus headroom and tailroom - can fall below a standard 1500-byte MTU when 2k chunks are used, a gap that became exploitable once tailroom subtraction was introduced. The kernel also omits validation of hardware zero-copy capabilities via net_device::xdp_zc_max_segs. No public exploit has been identified and EPSS is 0.02% (5th percentile), indicating low immediate exploitation risk.
Reference count leak in the Linux kernel's xfrm IPsec subsystem allows a local low-privileged attacker to exhaust kernel memory, resulting in denial of service. The defect resides in xfrm_migrate_policy_find(), where xfrm_pol_hold_rcu() is called twice - once implicitly by the lookup path (which already returns a held reference) and once redundantly - creating a refcount imbalance that prevents memory reclamation. Discovered by the Linux Verification Center using Syzkaller fuzzing; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS is very low at 0.02% (5th percentile), indicating minimal observed exploitation activity.
Uninitialized kernel memory is leaked to userspace through the xfrm_user subsystem's build_mapping() function in the Linux Kernel, where a one-byte compiler padding hole in struct xfrm_usersa_id after the proto field is never zeroed before the structure is copied across the kernel/userspace boundary. Authenticated local users with access to XFRM netlink interfaces can read this stale padding byte, potentially extracting kernel stack or heap fragments usable as an information disclosure primitive. No public exploit exists and EPSS is 0.02% (5th percentile), indicating negligible real-world exploitation probability at this time.
Linux kernel PF_KEY IPSEC key management exports leak uninitialized kernel memory via SADB_ACQUIRE, SADB_X_NAT_T_NEW_MAPPING, and SADB_X_MIGRATE messages, allowing local authenticated users to disclose sensitive kernel memory. EPSS score of 0.02% (percentile 5%) indicates minimal real-world exploitation despite patch availability. The 4-byte information leak per message could enable ASLR bypass and kernel address disclosure attacks.
Kernel crash in the Linux pinctrl mcp23s08 driver triggers a NULL pointer dereference during device probe when an MCP23S08/MCP23008 GPIO expander retains non-zero interrupt-on-change state across a warm reboot. The crash occurs because the driver's IRQ handler fires against pins whose nested IRQ handlers have not yet been registered, causing an unhandled kernel oops and system denial of service. Exploitation is local and device-specific; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS remains at 0.02% (5th percentile) consistent with no observed in-the-wild triggering.
NULL pointer dereference in the Linux kernel IPVS subsystem causes a kernel panic during IPVS service creation failure cleanup, resulting in a full host denial of service. Affected kernels from 6.2 onward contain a logic error in ip_vs_add_service() where a successful scheduler bind sets the local sched variable to NULL; if ip_vs_start_estimator() subsequently fails, the error path calls ip_vs_unbind_scheduler() with that NULL pointer, dereferencing offset 0x30 and triggering a general protection fault. Exploitation requires local authenticated access with CAP_NET_ADMIN privileges; no public exploit is identified and EPSS is 0.02%, indicating very low exploitation probability.
Kernel heap memory disclosure in Linux netfilter's nfnetlink_log subsystem exposes four bytes of stale kernel memory to unprivileged local userspace processes when NFLOG batch mode is active. The flaw exists in __nfulnl_send(), which appends an NLMSG_DONE terminator using nlmsg_put() - a helper that zero-pads alignment bytes but does not initialize the nfgenmsg payload itself - resulting in uninitialized kernel heap data transmitted to any userspace NFLOG consumer. No public exploit code exists and no active exploitation has been confirmed; however, CVSS vector AV:L/AC:L/PR:L signals that low-privileged local users can reliably trigger the leak without any special conditions beyond NFLOG batching being in use.
Denial-of-service via off-by-one allocation in the Linux kernel txgbe network driver allows a local low-privileged user to crash the kernel on systems hosting Wangxun 10GbE NICs. The driver allocates property_entry struct lists without reserving the mandatory null-terminator sentinel slot, meaning kernel subsystems iterating over the list read beyond allocated memory bounds. No active exploitation has been identified and EPSS is extremely low (0.02%, 5th percentile), but patches are available across multiple stable kernel branches including 6.6.136, 6.12.83, 6.18.24, 6.19.14, and 7.0.
Incorrect GENERIC_CMD register field masks in the Linux kernel's IPA (IP Accelerator) network driver for IPA v5.0+ hardware trigger a kernel WARN when a 'stop' command is sent to the MPSS (Modem Processor SubSystem) remoteproc while IPA is active. This availability-only vulnerability (CVSS C:N/I:N/A:H) affects authenticated local users on systems with Qualcomm IPA v5.0+ silicon. No public exploit exists and no KEV listing is present; with an EPSS of 0.02% this is a low-urgency stability fix rather than an active threat.
Integer overflow in the Linux kernel's l2tp subsystem allows a local low-privileged attacker to cause a denial of service by sending oversized packets through a PPPoL2TP socket with UDP encapsulation. In l2tp_xmit_core() (net/l2tp/l2tp_core.c:1293), the UDP length field - constrained to 16 bits - is assigned a packet length value without any bounds check, silently truncating values exceeding 65535 bytes and producing malformed UDP frames on the wire or triggering a kernel WARN. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV, but a syzbot reproducer is publicly documented in the upstream patch discussion.
Out-of-bounds array write in the Linux kernel's Intel uncore PMU driver (`perf/x86/intel/uncore`) causes denial of service on affected Intel multi-die x86 systems. The driver fails to skip discovery table parsing for dies whose CPUs are all offline at boot, allowing the assignment `pmu->boxes[die] = box` in `uncore_pci_pmu_register()` to overflow the boxes array, triggering a kernel WARN or potential memory corruption. Exploitation requires local low-privilege access under a specific hardware and boot configuration; no public exploit exists and EPSS is 0.02%, indicating negligible real-world exploitation likelihood.
Local denial-of-service in the Linux kernel's AEAD crypto socket interface (`algif_aead`) allows a low-privileged local user to crash the kernel by submitting a decryption request where the minimum receive buffer size check fails to account for the authentication tag length. The CVSS vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H) confirms this is a locally exploitable, high-availability-impact issue with no confidentiality or integrity risk. Patches have been released across multiple Linux LTS stable branches (5.10.254, 5.15.204, 6.1.170, 6.6.136, 6.12.83, 6.18.24, 6.19.14, 7.0) and Ubuntu has issued multiple USN advisories (USN-8277-1 through USN-8281-1). No public exploit code has been identified and EPSS is 0.02%, indicating no public exploitation activity.
Misuse of the `__copy_user_nocache()` function in the Linux kernel's x86-64 subsystem - specifically within NTB driver code and several other drivers - causes STAC/CLAC (SMAP-disabling) instructions to execute during kernel-to-kernel memory copies where no user-space access is actually performed. This incorrect usage defeats the Supervisor Mode Access Prevention (SMAP) protection temporarily and, critically, attaches user-space exception handling semantics to pure kernel copies; if a machine check exception or memory fault occurs during this window, the kernel may not handle it gracefully, resulting in a kernel panic. The CVSS availability-high rating (A:H) reflects this crash potential for any local authenticated user able to trigger the affected driver paths. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and EPSS probability is negligible at 0.02%.
Unchecked return value in the drm/vc4 DRM driver allows a local low-privileged user to cause a kernel crash and denial of service on systems equipped with Broadcom VideoCore 4 GPU hardware. The driver's initialization path passes the return value of platform_get_irq_byname() - which returns a negative errno on failure - directly into devm_request_threaded_irq() without validation, causing undefined kernel behavior when IRQ resource lookup fails. No public exploit exists and EPSS is 0.02% (7th percentile), but unpatched systems running the vc4 module (primarily Raspberry Pi devices) remain susceptible to local DoS via kernel crash.
Resource leak in the Linux kernel's Bluetooth hci_ll driver allows a local authenticated user to cause kernel memory exhaustion by repeatedly triggering an error path in download_firmware() where firmware objects allocated by request_firmware() are never released when their content is invalid. Systems equipped with Texas Instruments Bluetooth hardware (using the hci_ll driver) are affected across numerous stable kernel branches dating back to Linux 4.12. No public exploit exists and EPSS is 0.02% (7th percentile), classifying this as a low-urgency maintenance fix; patches are available across all actively maintained stable branches.
Repeated data loss occurs on Linux kernel systems using ext4 filesystems due to the `ext4_mb_find_by_goal()` function failing to skip corrupted block groups during block allocation. Affected kernels from commit 163a203ddb36 through multiple stable branches will continuously attempt to allocate blocks from a group flagged `EXT4_MB_GRP_BBITMAP_CORRUPT`, producing kernel error messages stating 'This should not happen!! Data will be lost' and causing permanent inode data loss. No public exploit has been identified and EPSS is 0.02%, but the availability impact is rated High; this is a resilience defect in ext4 error-handling that requires local access and pre-existing filesystem corruption to manifest.
Buffer-head reference leak in Linux kernel ext4 fast-commit replay (ext4_fc_replay_inode()) allows local authenticated users to exhaust kernel memory, resulting in denial of service. Four distinct error paths in the function skip the mandatory brelse() call on iloc.bh, and the function previously masked all errors by always returning 0. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS at 0.02% (7th percentile) reflects very low real-world exploitation probability and no CISA KEV listing corroborates the absence of observed active exploitation.
Availability impact in the Linux kernel's ext4 filesystem subsystem arises from improperly managed discard workqueue lifecycle during remount and unmount operations. When a filesystem mounted with `-o discard` is remounted with `-o nodiscard` and then immediately unmounted, pending `s_discard_work` workqueue items are neither cancelled nor flushed before superblock teardown, potentially causing the work callback to reference freed memory and crash the kernel. Patch commits are confirmed across multiple stable branches; EPSS is 0.02% (7th percentile) and no KEV listing or public exploit exists, indicating negligible real-world exploitation risk outside of automated fuzzer (syzkaller) scenarios.
Resource leak in the Linux kernel dmaengine idxd subsystem allows a local low-privileged user to cause availability impact on systems equipped with Intel DSA (Data Streaming Accelerator) or IAA (Intel Analytics Accelerator) hardware. The .release() callback for the associated workqueue fails to free the workqueue when the device object is destroyed, meaning repeated allocation and deallocation cycles progressively exhaust kernel workqueue resources. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and an EPSS score of 0.02% (7th percentile) confirms negligible real-world exploitation probability; however, patched stable kernel releases are available and should be applied on affected hardware platforms.
TX deadlock in the Linux kernel's 8250 serial UART driver permanently blocks DMA transmissions when a DMA transaction is terminated without its completion callback executing. Specifically, `dmaengine_terminate_async` does not guarantee that `__dma_tx_complete` runs, leaving `dma->tx_running` permanently set and preventing any subsequent TX DMA scheduling. This availability-only denial-of-service (CVSS A:H) requires local low-privileged access and only manifests on systems with 8250 UART hardware operating in DMA mode; no public exploit exists and no KEV listing is present.
Local denial-of-service in the Linux kernel's vidtv virtual DVB media driver allows an authenticated local user to crash the kernel via a NULL pointer dereference triggered by uninitialized struct fields in vidtv_ts_null_write_into() and vidtv_ts_pcr_write_into(). Affected kernel versions span from commit f90cf6079bf6 across multiple stable branches through Linux 5.10, with fixes backported to 6.6.136, 6.12.83, 6.18.24, 6.19.14, 7.0.1, and 7.1-rc1. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS is 0.02% (7th percentile), and this CVE is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog, reflecting its low real-world exploitation likelihood.
Memory leak in f2fs_rename() function allows local authenticated attackers to cause denial of service through repeated file rename operations. The vulnerability exists in the f2fs filesystem implementation when handling SELinux label initialization during whiteout file creation, due to a missing f2fs_free_filename() call introduced in commit 40b2d55e0452. Vendor patches are available for Linux 6.6.136, 6.12.84, 6.18.25, 7.0.2, and 7.1-rc1.
Filesystem hang in the Linux kernel FUSE subsystem allows a local low-privileged user to cause a denial of service by triggering a deadlock during synchronous FUSE initialization. When the FUSE userspace server exits or crashes while processing FUSE_INIT via the sync init path, the mounting thread retains the device file descriptor open, blocking the kernel abort mechanism and causing an indefinite hang. Affecting Linux kernel versions through 6.18, this is a regression from the async mount behavior; fixes are available in 7.0.2, 6.18.25, and 7.1-rc1. No public exploit exists and EPSS is 0.02% (4th percentile), indicating negligible active exploitation probability.
Wrong directory separator usage in the Linux kernel SMB client (CIFS) subsystem corrupts path handling on SMB1 UNIX mounts, causing mounted shares to become unavailable. The bug in `cifs_mount_get_tcon()` reads `cifs_sb->mnt_cifs_flags` before `reset_cifs_unix_caps()` initializes it, leaving `CIFS_MOUNT_POSIX_PATHS` and `CIFS_MOUNT_POSIXACL` bits unset and triggering a high-availability impact (CVSS A:H) for affected mounts. No public exploit exists and EPSS is 0.02% (5th percentile), reflecting the niche SMB1 UNIX mount prerequisite and local-only attack surface.
Integer overflow in the ksmbd SMB server component of the Linux kernel allows a local low-privileged user to corrupt DACL buffer memory by creating files with a high number of POSIX ACL entries. The functions set_posix_acl_entries_dacl() and set_ntacl_dacl() accumulate ACE sizes in u16 variables; when those totals exceed 65535, pointer arithmetic redirects subsequent writes into already-written ACE data, producing a malformed DACL with a truncated size field and potential kernel memory corruption within the ksmbd subsystem. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and the EPSS score of 0.02% (5th percentile) confirms minimal exploitation interest, consistent with the local-only attack vector.
Use-after-free vulnerability in the ALSA caiaq USB audio driver allows local authenticated attackers to cause denial of service by triggering asynchronous card free callbacks after USB device disconnection. The vulnerability stems from missing reference counting on the parent USB device pointer, combined with an inappropriate usb_reset_device() call in the card teardown path. EPSS exploitation probability is minimal (0.02%), and no public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified.
tcm_loop target reset handler fails to drain in-flight SCSI commands, violating SCSI error handling contract and causing LUN reference leaks that deadlock configfs LUN unlink operations. Local users with appropriate privileges can trigger denial of service by initiating reset sequences while SCSI commands are in flight, leaving the kernel in an unkillable D-state waiting for LUN reference counts to clear. This is a local denial of service affecting the SCSI target core's tcm_loop loopback driver across multiple kernel versions.
XFS filesystem crashes during log recovery when inodes with node-format extended attributes are inactivated following an untimely log shutdown, due to stale metadata block references in the attribute B-tree. Unprivileged local attackers with write access to XFS filesystems can trigger this denial-of-service condition by inducing log shutdown during extended attribute cleanup, causing the filesystem to unmount and require repair. The vulnerability affects Linux kernel versions prior to 6.19.12 and later stable branches.
Kernel denial of service via crafted btrfs metadata allowing local attackers to trigger an unguarded BUG_ON() condition during relocation recovery at mount time. The vulnerability arises when a root item on disk contains a non-zero drop_progress with zero drop_level, an invalid state that should not exist but lacks validation on read. CVSS 5.5 reflects local attack vector and availability impact; EPSS 0.02% indicates minimal real-world exploitation likelihood.
Memory corruption and page reference leaks in the Linux kernel mshv (Microsoft Hyper-V) module occur when pin_user_pages_fast() returns a partial pin count, which the current code incorrectly treats as success. A local authenticated attacker with privileges can trigger this vulnerability to corrupt memory or cause denial of service on systems using the mshv module, particularly in Hyper-V guest environments.
Denial of service in the Linux kernel AF_ALG crypto interface allows local authenticated attackers to trigger a NULL pointer dereference and kernel panic by sending sequential sendmsg() calls that cause scatter-gather list chain operations to fail to properly unmark SGL boundaries. The vulnerability occurs when AF_ALG allocates chained SGL structures without clearing end markers on previous entries, causing the crypto scatterwalk to encounter premature termination and dereference NULL pointers. CVSS 5.5 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L) reflects local-only attack requirement with low complexity; EPSS 0.02% (7th percentile) indicates minimal real-world exploitation risk despite kernel panic severity.
Memory exhaustion denial of service in the Linux kernel's QRTR (Qualcomm IPC Router) networking subsystem allows a local low-privileged user to leak kernel memory by triggering mid-allocation failures in the deprecated radix_tree API used for qrtr_tx_flow tracking. Orphaned intermediate radix tree nodes accumulate permanently because radix_tree_for_each_slot() only visits leaf slots and standard cleanup paths never reclaim them. The fix migrates to xarray, whose xa_destroy() correctly frees all internal nodes; no active exploitation is confirmed (EPSS 0.02%, no KEV listing), making this a routine patch-cycle priority rather than an emergency response.
Linux kernel GSO feature check reads uninitialized IPv4 header data when processing packets from PF_PACKET paths, causing kernel memory disclosure or denial of service. The vulnerability affects multiple kernel versions before 6.12.81, 6.19.12, and 7.0, and requires local user access to trigger via raw packet injection.
Information disclosure in the Linux kernel's traffic control (tc) scheduler allows local users with low privileges to read uninitialized kernel heap memory through the tc_chain_fill_node() function, which fails to zero-initialize the tcm_info field in netlink messages before transmission to userspace. The vulnerability affects multiple stable kernel series and has a vendor-released patch available across all affected versions.
A local denial of service vulnerability in the Linux kernel bnxt_en driver allows authenticated local users to crash the system by triggering an out-of-bounds array access during backing store capability queries. The vulnerability stems from incorrect use of firmware-provided type values to index fixed metadata arrays, rather than using the known loop iteration index. Exploitation requires local access and user-level privileges (PR:L), and no active exploitation has been reported.
Denial of service in the Linux kernel NFC PN533 UART driver allows local authenticated attackers to exhaust memory by sending malformed NFC frames without valid headers, causing unbounded socket buffer growth until kernel crash. Affects Linux 5.5 through 7.0 with patches available across all maintained stable branches (5.10.253, 5.15.203, 6.1.168, 6.6.134, 6.12.81, 6.18.22, 6.19.12, and 7.0); EPSS exploitation probability is minimal at 0.02%, but local privilege is required.
Information disclosure in the Linux kernel netfilter ctnetlink module allows local authenticated users to read stale NAT configuration data from kernel memory via a crafted netlink message. When ctnetlink_alloc_expect() allocates connection tracking expectations without initializing NAT fields, uninitialized memory containing sensitive data from previous slab allocations is exposed to userspace during expectation dumps. This requires local access and low-privileged authentication (PR:L) but carries a high availability impact due to potential memory disclosure vectors.
Denial of service in Linux kernel netfilter nf_tables subsystem allows local privileged users to crash the system by issuing immediate NF_QUEUE verdicts, which are not properly validated and cause kernel panic when processed through the arp family or other code paths that lack queue support. The vulnerability affects multiple kernel versions and requires local access with limited privileges (CAP_NET_ADMIN or equivalent) to exploit.
Local privilege escalation in Linux kernel Bluetooth subsystem allows authenticated local users to cause denial of service through improper resource management in hci_cmd_sync_queue_once() function. The vulnerability affects Bluetooth HCI synchronization queue handling, where the function fails to properly indicate queue item addition status, leading to potential resource leaks and system unavailability. EPSS score of 0.02% indicates minimal real-world exploitation probability despite moderate CVSS severity.
Memory and reference leaks in the Linux kernel Bluetooth hci_sync subsystem allow local authenticated attackers to cause denial of service by triggering hci_cmd_sync_queue_once() failures without invoking the destroy callback, leading to unreclaimed resources. The vulnerability affects Linux kernel versions prior to 6.19.12 and 7.0, with EPSS score of 0.02% indicating very low real-world exploitation probability despite moderate CVSS score.
Linux kernel Bluetooth MGMT subsystem fails to validate the advertised data length field in mesh send operations, allowing local authenticated attackers to trigger denial of service by reading beyond allocated buffer boundaries. The vulnerability affects the mesh_send() function which accepts a truncated MGMT_OP_MESH_SEND command that passes length checks but contains mismatched adv_data_len and actual payload, leading to out-of-bounds access during async mesh transmission. Patch versions include 6.6.134, 6.12.81, 6.1.168, 6.18.22, and 7.0.
Memory leak in the MACB (Cadence Gigabit Ethernet Controller) driver allows local authenticated attackers to cause denial of service through resource exhaustion by failing to unregister fixed-rate clocks allocated during device probe, resulting in memory and clock resource depletion. EPSS exploitation probability is minimal at 0.02%, indicating low real-world risk despite CVSS score of 5.5. Patch versions are available across all supported kernel branches (5.10.253, 5.15.203, 6.1.168, 6.6.134, 6.12.81, 6.18.22, 6.19.12, 7.0).
Null pointer dereference in Linux kernel net/mlx5 LAG (Link Aggregation) driver allows local authenticated attackers to cause denial of service by accessing debugfs interfaces when LAG device context is invalid. The vulnerability exists in mlx5_ldev_add_debugfs() which creates debugfs entries without validating that a valid LAG context exists, exposing the members file and other interfaces that depend on a valid ldev pointer. EPSS exploitation probability is 0.02% (percentile 7%), indicating low real-world exploitation likelihood despite the vulnerability's availability for patching.
A denial of service vulnerability in the Linux kernel's mlx5 (Mellanox/NVIDIA) network driver causes a kernel panic when switchdev mode initialization fails during rollback to legacy mode. A local unprivileged user on systems with affected mlx5 hardware can trigger improper netdevice unregistration, leading to a kernel BUG at net/core/dev.c:12070 and system crash. The vulnerability affects multiple stable kernel versions; vendor-released patches are available.
Denial of service in Linux kernel eBPF subsystem allows local attackers with standard privileges to crash the system by attaching sleepable eBPF kprobe_multi programs that invoke non-sleepable contexts. The vulnerability exists because bpf_kprobe_multi_link_attach() fails to validate the sleepable flag before program attachment, permitting sleepable helpers like bpf_copy_from_user() to execute in atomic RCU contexts, triggering kernel panics with 'sleeping function called from invalid context' errors. EPSS exploitation probability is very low at 0.02%, suggesting practical exploitation barriers despite local network access requirements.
Denial of service via null pointer dereference in Linux kernel gpio-qixis-fpga driver affects local users with limited privileges. The driver incorrectly checks for NULL return value from devm_regmap_init_mmio(), which returns ERR_PTR() on failure, allowing a local attacker with user-level privileges to trigger a kernel panic by causing improper error handling. EPSS score is low (0.02%), indicating limited exploitation probability despite CVSS 5.5 severity.
Incomplete cleanup in the Linux kernel STM32 OSPI SPI driver exposes local low-privileged users to availability impact on STM32-based systems. The `spi-stm32-ospi` driver's `remove()` callback exits prematurely when `pm_runtime_resume_and_get()` fails, skipping deallocation of the SPI controller and associated resources, which can cause resource exhaustion and system instability upon device unbind or driver removal. No public exploit exists and EPSS at 0.02% (4th percentile) reflects extremely low exploitation probability; this is a narrow-impact issue constrained to embedded hardware running STM32 OSPI peripherals.
The Intel Xe GPU driver's page fault handler in the Linux kernel fails to reject write and atomic access requests targeting read-only Virtual Memory Areas (VMAs), allowing a local unprivileged user to trigger kernel instability or a system crash. Systems running Linux kernel versions prior to 6.19.12 or 7.0 that contain Intel Xe-architecture GPU hardware (Arc discrete GPUs, Meteor Lake/Lunar Lake integrated graphics) are affected. No public exploit exists and EPSS probability sits at 0.02%, indicating very low observed exploitation activity; the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV.
A denial-of-service vulnerability in the Linux kernel's DRM/XE PXP (Protected Execution) driver causes an infinite loop when a restart flag is not cleared after a jump operation, allowing local authenticated users to hang or crash the system. The vulnerability affects multiple kernel versions through a logic error in the pxp_start function that was resolved in stable patches for Linux 6.18.22, 6.19.12, and 7.0.
Resource leak in the Linux kernel's Amlogic A4 SPI Flash Controller (spifc-a4) driver causes availability impact on affected embedded systems. The aml_sfc_probe() function registers a NAND ECC engine but omits the corresponding nand_ecc_unregister_on_host_hw_engine() call on both probe failure unwind and device removal paths. On hardware running affected kernel versions (6.18 through pre-patch commits), this leaves a dangling registered ECC engine that can cause system instability or denial-of-service. No public exploit code exists and EPSS probability is 0.02%, reflecting this is a niche, hardware-specific driver bug with no confirmed active exploitation.
Speculative execution (Spectre v1) in the Linux kernel's DRM compat ioctl subsystem (drm/ioc32) allows a local attacker with access to a DRM device to leak kernel memory by supplying a crafted, out-of-bounds index into the kernel's compat ioctl function pointer table, which the CPU speculatively dereferences before a bounds check resolves. The 'Information Disclosure' classification from Red Hat and SUSE tagging directly contradicts the provided CVSS rating of C:N/A:H - Spectre-class gadgets canonically produce confidentiality impact, not availability impact, and this discrepancy warrants verification against the vendor's official scoring rationale. No active exploitation is confirmed (not in CISA KEV), and the EPSS of 0.02% (7th percentile) reflects the high technical bar Spectre exploitation imposes.
Denial of service in the Linux kernel ALSA ctxfi audio driver allows local authenticated attackers to crash the system via improper error handling in the daio_device_index() function. The ctxfi driver failed to validate return values from index mapping operations, enabling a local user with standard privileges to trigger an unhandled error condition that disables audio functionality or causes system instability.