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TDuck Survey Form EUVDEUVD-2026-97370

| CVE-2026-109164 HIGH
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key (CWE-639)
2026-10-12 disclosure@vulncheck.com GHSA-cjgh-vqwv-7g46
7.1
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: vulncheck
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Authenticate as low-privileged TDuck user
  2. Exploit
    Craft POST to user-form-data-delete with own formKey
  3. Execution
    Iterate sequential submission IDs in request body
  4. Impact
    Permanently delete other users' submissions platform-wide

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Object-level authorization, IDOR prevention
Exploitation Conditions

Requires a valid authenticated account on the TDuck platform (PR:L) and network reachability to the POST user-form-data-delete / form-data endpoint; the specific prerequisite is that the attacker supplies their own formKey in the request path together with arbitrary, sequentially iterable submission IDs in the request body, which the server fails to authorize against the requester. LIMITING FACTORS: exploitation is gated by needing any authenticated session (so instances restricted to trusted internal users are far lower risk), and impact is confined to permanent deletion of other users' submissions (data loss) - there is no code execution, data exfiltration, or privilege escalation. No special non-default configuration is required beyond running an affected version (through 6.0) with registrable or multi-user access.

Impact

This is a credible but bounded data-integrity/availability risk rather than a top-tier emergency. The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N) describes a low-complexity, network-reachable attack requiring only a low-privileged authenticated account, with high availability impact to victim data (VA:H), low integrity impact (VI:L), and no confidentiality impact (VC:N) - consistent with an IDOR that permanently destroys other users' submissions but does not read or corrupt them in place. Publicly available POC exploit code exists (a Python script in the referenced GitHub repo), which raises practical exploitability, but this CVE is NOT in CISA KEV and shows no public evidence of active exploitation, so POC availability must not be conflated with in-the-wild use. No EPSS score was provided in the input, so probabilistic exploitation likelihood cannot be assessed here. SSVC inputs are not fully supplied, but the design implies the flaw is highly automatable (sequential ID iteration) with a technical impact limited to data destruction, not code execution or privilege escalation. The input Tag 'Authentication Bypass' conflicts with both the description and the PR:L vector: exploitation REQUIRES a valid authenticated session, and the VulnCheck advisory frames this as an authorization bypass (IDOR), not authentication bypass - verify the tag classification. Net: a genuine priority for anyone running internet-exposed TDuck instances with untrusted registered users, but its low real-world footprint and lack of KEV/active-exploitation signals keep it below critical-triage urgency.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker registers or obtains any low-privileged account on an internet-exposed TDuck survey platform, then sends POST requests to the form-data-delete endpoint placing their own formKey in the path while iterating sequential, attacker-controlled submission IDs in the request body. Because the server does not verify ownership of the submission IDs, it permanently deletes other users' form responses platform-wide. A public Python POC (poc_form_data_delete_idor.py) automates this request pattern.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
1 PoC candidate (unverified) No patch listed yet 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 12, 2026

Permanent deletion of other users' survey submissions is possible in TDuck survey form through version 6.0 because the delete handler does not verify that the submission IDs in the request body belong to the caller. Authenticated users (CVSS vector PR:L) who can reach the POST user-form-data-delete endpoint can supply their own formKey in the path while iterating arbitrary, sequential submission IDs, allowing platform-wide erasure of form responses. Publicly available exploit code exists (a Python proof-of-concept is linked in the advisory), but there is no confirmed active exploitation (CISA KEV), so this is best treated as a bounded data-integrity and availability risk with an assessed CVSS of 7.1 (I:L/A:H, no confidentiality or code-execution impact). Instances exposed only to trusted internal users are substantially lower risk given the authentication prerequisite.

RemediationAI

No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis; no fixed version number is available in the supplied intelligence, so do not assume a specific upgrade target. Because the project is open source, the most direct fix is to backport an ownership check in the delete path - validate in UserFormResultController (lines ~182-187) and UserFormDataServiceImpl (lines ~149-154) that each submission ID in the request body belongs to the authenticated user and/or the formKey being operated on before any delete is executed, or replace raw client-supplied IDs with server-side lookups scoped to the caller; this requires code changes and a rebuild/redeploy of the tduck-api and tduck-form services. Until that is done, the highest-value compensating control is to remove the destructive capability from untrusted users: disable the submission-delete function for non-administrator roles, restrict the POST user-form-data-delete / form-data endpoint at the reverse proxy or API gateway so only trusted administrative networks or roles can reach it (trade-off: legitimate users lose self-service deletion), and close open self-registration so only vetted accounts exist - this directly neutralizes the PR:L prerequisite and is the cheapest mitigation, though it does not protect against a malicious insider with a valid account. Additionally, treat submission data as recoverable-only-by-backup: take and verify frequent database backups of the form-data tables so deletions can be restored (trade-off: recovery is point-in-time and cannot resurrect records created after the last backup), and monitor for rapid sequential delete requests or an abnormally high delete volume per session as a detection signal. Escalate to the maintainers and track the advisory at https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/tduck-survey-form-through-6.0-authorization-bypass-via-user-controlled-submission-ids-in-post-user-form-data-delete-formkey for a patched release.

Affected VersionsENISA

tduck-survey-form 0 ≤6.0

Affected Packages

euvd tduck_survey_form no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The flaw is a classic CWE-639 authorization bypass through a user-controlled key: the object identifier (submission ID) is taken directly from the request body and used to perform a destructive operation without an ownership check against the authenticated principal. TDuck is a Java/Spring-based survey platform where the REST controller layer (UserFormResultController, around lines 182-187) accepts a delete request and delegates to the service implementation (UserFormDataServiceImpl, around lines 149-154), which removes the referenced form data record by ID. Because the path segment (formKey) is supplied by the attacker and is not correlated with the submission IDs being deleted, the service resolves and deletes records belonging to any user on the platform; sequential/guessable integer IDs make enumeration trivial. The assessed vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H reflects that exploitation requires only a valid low-privileged account over the network, with no user interaction, and that the sole impact is irreversible loss of data (high availability impact) rather than disclosure or privilege gain. Note that the 'Authentication Bypass' tag associated with this record overstates the issue: the endpoint still enforces authentication, and the defect is broken object-level authorization, not a bypass of the login mechanism itself.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (vulncheck) PRIMARY 7.1 HIGH
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
vuln.today AI 7.1 HIGH

Network-reachable, low-complexity IDOR needing any authenticated account (PR:L); permanent deletion of others' data gives A:H and minor I:L, with no confidentiality exposure (C:N).

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (vulncheck).

CVSS VectorVendor: vulncheck

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
None
Vulnerable system: Integrity
Low
Vulnerable system: Availability
High
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

TDuck survey form through 6.0 contains an insecure direct object reference vulnerability that allows authenticated users to delete other users' form submissions by supplying arbitrary submission ids. Attackers can place their own formKey in the path and iterate sequential submission ids in the request body to permanently delete submissions platform-wide.

Technical POC Analysis

CWE-639 (Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key) - a destructive IDOR in the Java backend of TDuck survey form through 6.0.

Full technical POC analysis - root cause, step-by-step exploitation and patch breakdown - is part of the Pro and Business plans.

Latest POC

1 PoC candidate from github (unverified)

Sign in to open the public PoC links collected for this CVE.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

TDuck survey form deployments through version 6.0 allow any authenticated user to permanently delete other users' survey submissions platform-wide, corrupting or destroying collected response data with no confidentiality or code-execution exposure. Because the flaw requires only a low-privilege account and publicly available exploit code exists, any organization running an affected instance - particularly one reachable by a broad or external user base - should treat survey data integrity as unreliable until mitigated. Leadership should care because erased submissions are typically unrecoverable and may undermine research, compliance, or customer-facing reporting.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Interim mitigations: restrict access to the affected POST user-form-data-delete endpoint to trusted networks or administrative accounts; tighten authentication and role assignments to the minimum necessary; deploy a reverse-proxy or WAF rule to block or rate-limit requests iterating sequential submission IDs; enable logging and alerting on delete activity; and maintain verified, isolated backups of survey response data with tested restores.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 78% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
niche open-source survey/form builder, limited enterprise deployment footprint
Social Media
1
Sightings
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC Yes
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
Poc
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact
High

Priority Score

56
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +36
PoC: +20
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

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