Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Authenticated low-priv user over the network with no UI (PR:L, AV:N, AC:L, UI:N); overwrite/reassignment drives I:H, recipient-list exposure gives C:L, and A:N since lockout is a consequence of integrity loss.
Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).
CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck
Lifecycle Timeline
3DescriptionCVE.org
Gophish through 0.12.1 contains an insecure direct object reference vulnerability that allows authenticated users to take over other users' groups, templates, landing pages and sending profiles. Attackers can supply another user's sequential id in POST requests to /api/groups/, /api/templates/, /api/pages/ or /api/smtp/ to overwrite and reassign objects, locking out owners and exposing victims' recipient lists.
AnalysisAI
Insecure direct object reference (IDOR) in Gophish through 0.12.1 lets any authenticated, low-privileged user take over other users' groups, templates, landing pages, and sending profiles by supplying a victim's sequential object ID to the API create endpoints (/api/groups/, /api/templates/, /api/pages/, /api/smtp/). Because the server trusts the client-supplied ID instead of assigning a new one, the attacker can overwrite and reassign the victim's objects, locking the original owner out and exposing their recipient lists. …
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Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata
Vulnerability AssessmentAI
| Exploitation | Requires the attacker to hold a valid authenticated account (any low-privileged user) on a Gophish instance running version 0.12.1 or earlier, and the deployment must be multi-user so that other users' groups, templates, landing pages, or sending profiles exist to hijack - a single-operator install has no victims. … Additional conditions and limiting factors are described in the full assessment. |
| Risk Assessment | This is a genuine but context-gated issue rather than an internet-wide emergency. … Full risk analysis with EPSS, KEV, and SSVC signal comparison available after sign-in. |
| Exploit Scenario | Full exploit scenario with step-by-step reproduction available after sign-in. |
| Remediation | No vendor-released patch was identified at time of analysis; the references point to the vulnerable source in the Gophish repository (commit b1648f0) rather than to a fixed release, so upgrading should be tracked against the upstream project at https://github.com/gophish/gophish and the VulnCheck advisory at https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/gophish-through-0.12.1-object-takeover-via-client-supplied-id-on-api-create-endpoints before assuming any version resolves it. … Detailed patch versions, workarounds, and compensating controls in full report. |
Recommended ActionAI
Within 24 hours, inventory all Gophish installations to confirm which run version 0.12.1 or earlier and identify every multi-user deployment, since single-operator installs present no hijackable objects; for each multi-user deployment, reduce the account roster to the minimum trusted administrators, revoke or disable dormant and shared accounts, and restrict network access to the Gophish web console and API to a hardened management network or VPN with allow-listed source addresses. …
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Same technique Authentication Bypass
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External POC / Exploit Code
Leaving vuln.today
EUVD-2026-94401
GHSA-5h35-6pm3-mw32