Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessReach admin login page remotely
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ExploitInject SQL into uname/pass fields
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ExecutionUnsanitized mysqli_query executes payload
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ImpactBypass authentication or extract data
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Parameterized queries, prepared statements
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Initial Access, Persistence The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires network access to the application's administrative login endpoint Admin/mlogin.php and the ability to submit the uname and/or pass parameters, which are passed into mysqli_query without sanitization - no authentication, user interaction, or non-default configuration is required (PR:N/UI:N). The practical limiting factors are deployment-specific: the target must be an internet- or network-reachable instance of girishsaraf Online-Appointment-Booking-System, a rarely deployed open-source project, and because it is rolling-release there is no vendor patch, so the only mitigations are custom input sanitization/prepared statements or restricting access to the admin interface. |
| Impact | The input CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N) describes a remotely reachable, low-complexity, unauthenticated SQL injection, which is consistent with the description of a login handler flaw manipulable via the uname/pass parameters before authentication - the signals are internally coherent here. However, the base score of 6.9 (Medium) reflects the fact that all impact metrics are only Low (VC:L/VI:L/VA:L), i.e. partial rather than total compromise, which is atypical for a classic authentication-bypass SQLi and may understate real impact if the injection permits full database extraction. EPSS and SSVC data are not provided, and the vector's E:P (Exploit:Proof-of-Concept) plus the GitHub issue reference confirm only that public exploit code exists - this is NOT active exploitation; there is no CISA KEV listing. The dominant risk-lowering factor is prevalence: this is an obscure hobbyist GitHub project with a rolling-release model and an unresponsive maintainer, so despite trivial exploitability this is a low real-world priority rather than a widespread threat. Net assessment: technically easy to exploit and POC-backed, but confined to a tiny deployment footprint, making it a targeted/opportunistic concern rather than a mass-exploitation priority. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | A remote, unauthenticated attacker sends a crafted HTTP POST to Admin/mlogin.php with malicious SQL metacharacters in the uname or pass field, causing the unsanitized mysqli_query to execute attacker-controlled SQL. Public proof-of-concept exists (referenced in the project's GitHub issue tracker), so an attacker could bypass admin login or extract/modify database records without prior credentials. Because the login page is network-facing and complexity is low, no special timing or privileges are needed. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 05, 2026
Unauthenticated SQL injection in the administrative login handler (Admin/mlogin.php) of girishsaraf's Online-Appointment-Booking-System allows remote attackers to manipulate the uname and pass parameters, which are passed unsanitized into mysqli_query. Exploitation requires only network reachability to the admin login endpoint - no credentials, user interaction, or non-default configuration - making it trivially automatable against any exposed instance; the CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N) is rated 6.9, and publicly available exploit code exists (reported via VulDB). The vendor was notified through a GitHub issue but has not responded, and because the project follows a rolling-release model there is no fixed version to upgrade to, so no vendor-released patch is identified at time of analysis. The project is a rarely deployed open-source PHP application, so real-world exposure is limited to internet- or network-reachable instances.
RemediationAI
No vendor-released patch is identified at time of analysis: the maintainer was notified via GitHub issue #6 (https://github.com/girishsaraf/Online-Appointment-Booking-System/issues/6) but has not responded, and the rolling-release model means no fixed version exists to upgrade to. The durable fix must be applied as a code change: replace the string-concatenated mysqli_query() call in Admin/mlogin.php with parameterized prepared statements (mysqli_prepare/bind_param) or, at minimum, strict input escaping via mysqli_real_escape_string with an explicit allowlist for the uname and pass fields; note that escaping alone is a weaker control than prepared statements and can be bypassed if the surrounding query logic changes. As compensating controls until code is fixed, restrict network access to Admin/mlogin.php by bind/allowlisting source IPs at the reverse proxy or WAF (this breaks legitimate remote admin access and requires VPN or bastion use), block direct access to the Admin/ directory via web-server rules such as Apache .htaccess or nginx deny directives, and deploy WAF signatures targeting SQL metacharacters in login POST bodies - WAF filtering is evasive-attack-prone and should not be treated as a permanent fix. Rotate any database credentials handled by the application, since injection into the login path may expose backend data. Monitor the VulDB entry (https://vuldb.com/vuln/413614) and the upstream repository for a future commit; if one lands, treat it as an upstream fix available via commit rather than as an independently confirmed released version.
Affected VersionsENISA
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Technical ContextAI · show details
The flaw is a classic CWE-89 SQL injection in a PHP application. The file Admin/mlogin.php handles administrative authentication and builds a database query with the mysqli_query() function using the user-supplied uname and pass request parameters directly, without parameterization, escaping, or type validation. Because the query is constructed before any authentication check, an attacker can inject SQL syntax through the login form to alter query logic (e.g., bypassing the credential check or extracting data from the backing MySQL/MariaDB database). The CPE entry cpe:2.3:a:girishsaraf:online-appointment-booking-system:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* matches all releases with no version constraint, consistent with the project's rolling-release model where the tracked snapshot is commit f427b4757128ca253d33d0cc4e87bbb9c999a4d5 and no discrete affected/fixed versions are published. The root cause class is improper neutralization of special elements used in an SQL command, aggravated by the fact that the tainted input is consumed by the login handler - a component that is typically internet-exposed for administrative access.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
Pre-authentication SQLi on a network-facing login handler justifies AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N; impacts kept Low to mirror the source 4.0 partial VC/VI/VA rather than assuming full DB compromise.
Primary rating from Vendor (VulDB).
CVSS VectorVendor: VulDB
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionCVE.org
A vulnerability was found in girishsaraf Online-Appointment-Booking-System up to f427b4757128ca253d33d0cc4e87bbb9c999a4d5. This affects the function mysqli_query of the file Admin/mlogin.php of the component Login Handler. Performing a manipulation of the argument uname/pass results in sql injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used. This product uses a rolling release model to deliver continuous updates. As a result, specific version information for affected or updated releases is not available. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
SQL injection exploits the way applications construct database queries by mixing user input directly into SQL statements.
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NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
VulDB
Exploit-DB