Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessReach WebSocket backend over network
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DeliveryPredict valid charging-station identifier
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ExploitConnect reusing existing session ID
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ExecutionImpersonate user or flood sessions
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ImpactAccount takeover or backend denial-of-service
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A07:2025 - Authentication Failures
ASVS 5.0
V7 - Session Management Session expiration enforcement
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| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires the attacker to reach Monta's WebSocket backend endpoint over the network and to supply a charging-station identifier that the backend uses as the session identifier; because these identifiers are predictable and the backend permits multiple endpoints to connect under the same identifier, no credentials are needed (PR:N, no user interaction). The practical prerequisite is knowledge of the valid charging-station identifier format/namespace, which the predictability of the identifiers makes feasible through guessing or enumeration. Limiting factors: the attacker must have network access to the specific Monta backend (an internet-facing cloud/OT service), and impacts are partial (Low) - session impersonation yields limited confidentiality/integrity rather than full account control, and the DoS requires generating enough valid session requests to overwhelm the backend. |
| Impact | The CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L) describes a network-reachable, low-complexity, unauthenticated flaw with limited impact across all three dimensions - consistent with the description's dual outcome of impersonation (authenticating as other users) and denial of service. This is a session-management weakness (CWE-613): the WebSocket backend derives session identity from charging-station identifiers that are both predictable and permitted to be reused across multiple concurrent endpoints. No EPSS score, KEV listing, POC, or SSVC decision data was supplied in the input, so there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and no evidence of active exploitation; the risk rating therefore rests on the CVSS vector and description alone, not on observed threat activity. The signals are internally consistent (network vector matches a WebSocket cloud backend; low privileges match PR:N), so this reads as a genuine moderate-priority issue rather than an inflated high-CVSS score - but note the impacts are all rated Low, meaning successful attacks yield partial account impersonation and service degradation rather than full compromise. Because exploitation probability data (EPSS) is entirely absent, prioritization should lean on exposure: an internet-facing OT/EV-charging cloud backend reachable by unauthenticated attackers warrants timely patching. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An unauthenticated attacker connects to Monta's internet-facing WebSocket backend and supplies a predictable charging-station identifier, which the backend accepts as a session identifier even though another endpoint is already using it. By guessing or enumerating valid station IDs, the attacker can hijack or impersonate another user's session, or open large numbers of valid session requests to overwhelm and deny service to the backend. No public exploit code was identified at time of analysis. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 02, 2026
Unauthenticated session prediction in Monta App's WebSocket backend permits remote attackers to impersonate other charging station sessions or cause denial of service by reusing predictable charging-station identifiers. The CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.3 reflects network reachability, low complexity, no privileges required, and limited confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis.
RemediationAI
No vendor-released patch version is identified in the available intelligence; the CISA advisory ICSA-26-274-02 should be consulted for updated remediation guidance. Until a patch is available, implement compensating controls: replace predictable charging-station identifier-based session tokens with cryptographically random values, enforce strict uniqueness by rejecting any connection that presents a session identifier already in use, and implement proper session expiration (addressing CWE-613) to invalidate stale sessions. Add rate limiting and connection throttling on the WebSocket backend to mitigate denial-of-service attempts, though this may affect legitimate high-volume charging stations. Restrict network access to the WebSocket endpoint to trusted charging-station networks or VPNs where feasible, at the cost of reduced flexibility for mobile or widely distributed stations. Require authentication for session establishment if the protocol allows, converting the unauthenticated attack surface into an authenticated one.
Affected VersionsENISA
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Technical ContextAI · show details
The vulnerability resides in Monta's WebSocket backend, which manages real-time sessions for EV charging stations. Session identifiers are derived from predictable charging-station identifiers, and the backend fails to enforce uniqueness across simultaneous connections, allowing multiple endpoints to bind to the same identifier. This weakness is classified under CWE-613 (Insufficient Session Expiration), but the practical root cause combines predictable session generation and inadequate session-fixation protections-enabling an attacker who can guess or enumerate a valid charging-station identifier to hijack an existing session or create legitimate sessions to exhaust backend resources. The CPE cpe:2.3:a:monta:monta.app:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* confirms that all versions of the Monta App are affected per ENISA EUVD (EUVD-2026-91821). No authentication is required (PR:N), and the attack is network-reachable (AV:N) with no user interaction (UI:N).
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- Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Network-facing WebSocket backend reachable without credentials (AV:N/PR:N/UI:N); predictable, reusable identifiers make exploitation low-complexity (AC:L); impersonation and DoS give partial C/I/A impact.
Primary rating from Vendor (icscert).
CVSS VectorVendor: icscert
Lifecycle Timeline
3DescriptionCVE.org
The WebSocket backend uses charging station identifiers to uniquely associate sessions but allows multiple endpoints to connect using the same session identifier. This implementation results in predictable session identifiers. This vulnerability may allow unauthorized users to authenticate as other users or enable a malicious actor to cause a denial-of-service condition by overwhelming the backend with valid session requests.
Executive ViewAI
A high-severity flaw in the Monta App WebSocket backend allows remote parties to predict session identifiers and impersonate other charging-station sessions or disrupt service availability. Because Monta underpins charging operations for site operators and their drivers, successful abuse could undermine trust in session integrity and billing accuracy, and could interrupt charging availability across affected deployments. Leadership should treat this as an operational and reputational risk to the EV charging service rather than a contained technical defect.
No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis; interim mitigations include restricting network exposure of the WebSocket backend to trusted sources, terminating TLS with mutual authentication, replacing predictable charging-station identifiers with cryptographically random short-lived session tokens, inserting an application-layer gateway to validate session identifiers, applying rate limiting and duplicate-session detection to limit denial of service, and monitoring logs for session reuse or abnormal connection patterns.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.
Unauthenticated WebSocket endpoints in the Monta EV charging platform (monta.app, all versions) allow any network-reacha
Missing rate limiting on the Monta EV-charging platform's WebSocket API authentication endpoint allows unauthenticated r
Authentication identifiers for Monta-managed charging stations are published on publicly accessible web-based mapping pl
EUVD-2026-91821
GHSA-jwgf-7prh-7v76
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
VulDB
Exploit-DB