Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessSubmit crafted comment on target post
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DeliveryComment indexed into Relevanssi search data
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ExploitPrefix-matching regex fails to strip malicious tag
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ExecutionExcerpt rendered unsanitized on search page
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ImpactScript executes in viewer's browser session
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Output encoding, context-aware escaping
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Initial Access, Execution The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires a specific non-default admin configuration: the 'Allowable tags in excerpts' setting must hold a non-empty value (e.g. the documented example <p><a><strong>), AND comment content must be indexed and displayed in Relevanssi excerpts (relevanssi_index_comments enabled). The injected tag only bypasses sanitization when its name is prefixed by an allowed tag name (the prefix-matching regex flaw - allowed <a> permits injected <audio>, allowed <p> permits <picture>, etc.); if the allowable-tags setting is empty, exploitation is not possible. Attacker-side requires only the ability to submit a comment (unauthenticated, PR:N), but the victim must subsequently view a search results/excerpt page that renders the injected comment. These limiting factors - dependence on operator configuration and the prefix-tag constraint - meaningfully narrow realistic exploitability below what the raw CVSS score implies. |
| Impact | This is a stored XSS (CWE-79) in the Relevanssi WordPress search plugin, rated CVSS 7.2 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N) by the reporting source Wordfence. The headline-elevating factors are the network vector, no-privilege (PR:N, unauthenticated) injection point, and the changed scope (S:C) reflecting script execution in victims' browser context. However, the real-world risk is substantially gated by non-default preconditions that the CVSS AC:L metric understates: per the description, exploitation ONLY works when the administrator has set a non-empty 'Allowable tags in excerpts' value AND comment content is indexed/shown in excerpts, with success further depending on a quirk where an allowed tag name is a prefix of the injected tag (e.g. allowed <a> enabling injected <audio>). There is NO EPSS score, NO CISA KEV listing, and NO public POC provided, so exploitation status is 'no public exploit identified at time of analysis' - this is a vendor/researcher-disclosed, already-patched flaw rather than an actively exploited one. Net: a legitimate stored-XSS issue worth patching on affected sites, but not an emergency-priority, mass-exploitable bug - the configuration dependency and prefix-matching requirement make it closer to a conditional, moderate-risk issue than the 7.2 'High' score suggests in isolation. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | On a site running Relevanssi ≤4.28.3 where the admin has configured a non-empty 'Allowable tags in excerpts' value (e.g. the example <p><a><strong>) and comment indexing is enabled, an unauthenticated attacker posts a comment containing a crafted tag whose name shares a prefix with an allowed tag (such as <audio ... onerror=...> slipping past the <a> allowance). When the comment content is surfaced in a Relevanssi search excerpt, the sanitization regex fails to strip the tag and the script executes in the browser of any user who views the injected search result page. No public exploit code was identified at time of analysis. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 02, 2026
Stored cross-site scripting in the Relevanssi - A Better Search WordPress plugin through 4.28.3 lets unauthenticated attackers submit comment content that is later rendered as executable markup in search-result excerpts, so scripts run in the browser of any visitor or administrator who views an affected excerpt page. Exploitation is conditional rather than universal: the site's 'Allowable tags in excerpts' option must be non-empty (for example the documented default example of <p><a><strong>), comment content must be indexed and displayed (relevanssi_index_comments enabled), and the injected tag name must be prefixed by an allowed tag name - allowed <a> permits injected <audio>, allowed <p> permits <picture> - because of a prefix-matching regex flaw that fails to require complete tag names. Wordfence rates this 7.2 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N), while this assessment applies AC:H in recognition of the operator-configuration dependency; no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis and there is no evidence of confirmed active exploitation.
RemediationAI
No tagged patched release is confirmed in the provided data; the vendor fix exists as upstream commit 3dddec3416fbda298e18649127f31557398d10b0 (https://github.com/msaari/relevanssi/commit/3dddec3416fbda298e18649127f31557398d10b0), which adds wp_kses_post() output filtering and corrects the prefix-matching tag regex - so treat this as 'Upstream fix available (PR/commit); released patched version not independently confirmed' and pull the patched plugin build once a version above 4.28.3 is published. If the fix cannot be deployed immediately, the single most effective workaround is to clear the 'Allowable tags in excerpts' setting to an empty value, which removes the regex path entirely and makes exploitation impossible; the trade-off is that excerpts lose all permitted inline HTML formatting (bold, links) and render as plain text. A second option is to disable comment indexing (relevanssi_index_comments) and then re-save or reindex so previously stored comment-derived content is no longer returned in excerpts - this costs comment search coverage. Restricting or moderating comment submission reduces attacker reach but does not eliminate the flaw, since any approved, indexed comment can carry the payload. After any of these changes, re-run indexing so stale excerpt data is regenerated, and monitor the Wordfence advisory at https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/47751ff1-2f22-4335-8e75-7ff1b6214426?source=cve for an updated fixed-version note. As a compensating control, a WAF rule or Content-Security-Policy that blocks inline event handlers and javascript: URIs would blunt the payloads described in the regression tests, though neither addresses the root cause.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
The flaw is a CWE-79 improper-neutralization issue in Relevanssi's excerpt-rendering pipeline, specifically the relevanssi_fix_entities() and excerpt-highlighting routines in lib/excerpts-highlights.php (around lines 216, 421 and 883) plus related output paths in lib/admin-ajax.php (line ~492), lib/utils.php and the indexing code in lib/indexing.php (line ~1067). Relevanssi indexes post content and, when relevanssi_index_comments is enabled, also stores comment text, then builds highlighted excerpts on the fly for search results. To preserve small formatting fragments in those excerpts the plugin maintains an 'Allowable tags in excerpts' option and, in relevanssi_fix_entities(), decodes entities and re-permits tags from that list using a regular expression built from the configured tag names. The regex was constructed without a complete-tag boundary match, so an allowed tag such as <a> also matched the prefix of an injected tag such as <audio>, allowing attacker-supplied markup - including event handler attributes like onerror or javascript: URIs - to survive entity decoding and reach the page as live HTML; the allowed-tag list was also treated as implying attribute safety. The upstream fix adds wp_kses_post() calls at each excerpt output point (lib/excerpts-highlights.php, lib/admin-ajax.php, lib/utils.php) and rewrites the regex so an allowed name must be followed by whitespace, a slash or the tag close, e.g. <a> no longer restores <audio>. New unit tests explicitly assert that <audio src=x onerror=...> from encoded comment content remains escaped and that onclick/javascript: attributes are stripped while legitimate <strong>/<a href> formatting is retained.
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
Unauthenticated comment injection keeps PR:N and AV:N, but success depends on non-default admin config plus a prefix-tag match, so AC:H; stored XSS crosses into the browser context, hence S:C with C:L/I:L and A:N.
Primary rating from Vendor (Wordfence).
CVSS VectorVendor: Wordfence
DescriptionCVE.org
The Relevanssi - A Better Search plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting via Comment Content in all versions up to, and including, 4.28.3 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user accesses an injected page. This is only exploitable when the administrator has configured a non-empty value for the "Allowable tags in excerpts" setting, such as the default example value of <p><a><strong>, as the prefix-matching regex must have an allowable tag whose name is a prefix of the injected tag name.
Executive ViewAI
A stored cross-site scripting flaw in the Relevanssi search plugin (versions through 4.28.3) lets unauthenticated visitors plant persistent malicious scripts that execute in the browsers of anyone - including administrators - who later views an affected search-result excerpt. Successful exploitation can lead to administrator session hijacking, account takeover, defacement, and further compromise of site content and visitor data. Because Relevanssi is widely deployed across WordPress estates and no vendor fix is currently available, leadership should treat this as an active web-presence and brand-trust exposure requiring coordinated mitigation.
No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Interim mitigations: deactivate or remove the Relevanssi plugin where search excerpts are not essential; clear the 'Allowable tags in excerpts' option (the exploit path requires a non-empty allow-list) and disable relevanssi_index_comments so comment content is not indexed into excerpts; enforce comment moderation and disable comment indexing until patched; deploy WAF/virtual-patching signatures to block script and event-handler markup in comment submissions and search-result responses; enforce MFA and review privileges for administrator accounts; and monitor comment and authentication logs for injected markup or anomalous activity.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Cross-Site Scripting occurs when an application accepts untrusted data and sends it to a web browser without proper validation or encoding.
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