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Wind River VxWorks EUVDEUVD-2026-88440

| CVE-2026-97686 MEDIUM
Missing Release of Resource after Effective Lifetime (CWE-772)
2026-09-28 WindRiver GHSA-j8ph-g6vq-c5h6
5.5
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: WindRiver
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Gain low-privilege code execution on device
  2. Delivery
    Issue syscalls with leak-triggering arguments
  3. Exploit
    IPNET fails to free kernel memory and fds
  4. Execution
    Repeat to exhaust kernel resources
  5. Impact
    Denial of service / device instability

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Resource cleanup on lifecycle end
Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires the attacker to already be executing a local, low-privileged application on the VxWorks 7 target (AV:L/PR:L) and to invoke system calls with the specific argument values that trigger the IPNET subsystem's failure to release kernel memory and file descriptors. The impact is confined to availability - no confidentiality or integrity effect - and no user interaction is needed (UI:N). Limiting factors: it cannot be triggered remotely or without prior code-execution access on the device, so it is realistically a concern only where untrusted or low-trust tasks/applications run on the same VxWorks image (multi-tenant, third-party-app, or compromised-process scenarios); pre-26.09 firmware is the only affected condition.

Impact

This is a genuine but low-to-moderate priority issue best characterized as a local, availability-only denial-of-service. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H, base 5.5) is internally consistent with the CWE-772 (missing resource release) description: an already-authorized low-privilege application on the device passes specific system-call arguments that cause the IPNET network subsystem to leak kernel memory and file descriptors on each invocation, eventually exhausting kernel resources. There is no confidentiality or integrity impact (C:N/I:N), so the 'Information Disclosure' tag directly contradicts the vector and the description - this is availability degradation, not an info leak. No EPSS score, CISA KEV listing, or public POC is present in the provided data, so no public exploit identified at time of analysis; the low real-world urgency is driven by the local attack vector (attacker must already run code on the device) rather than any network-facing exposure. Net: a real, vendor-confirmed reliability/DoS bug worth patching on multi-tenant or untrusted-workload VxWorks deployments, but not an emergency - it is not a high-CVSS-but-fake issue, rather a correctly-scored medium whose local prerequisite bounds real risk.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A low-privilege application or task already running on a VxWorks 7 target repeatedly issues syscalls with the specific argument pattern that trips the IPNET leak, and each call permanently loses kernel memory and file descriptors. Over time the kernel exhausts its memory pool or fd table, degrading or crashing networking and other services on the device. No public exploit code is identified in the available data, and exploitation requires local low-privileged execution rather than remote access.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Sep 28, 2026

Local resource exhaustion in Wind River VxWorks 7 (versions prior to 26.09) allows a low-privileged local application to leak kernel memory and system file descriptors by invoking system calls with specific argument values, causing the IPNET subsystem to fail to release those resources before the calling application terminates. Per the assessed vector (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H, base 5.5), an attacker must already be executing code on the device, so this is an availability-only denial-of-service rather than a remote or unauthenticated attack, and there is no confidentiality or integrity impact. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and no confirmed active exploitation (CISA KEV); Wind River has released a fixed version, 26.09, so the primary remediation is a firmware upgrade.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: upgrade to Wind River VxWorks 7 version 26.09, which fixes the IPNET resource-release defect; per-CVE guidance and the affected/fixed matrix are available from the Wind River support portal at https://support2.windriver.com/index.php?page=cve&order_by=cve_modified_date&order_way=asc#list, and embedded device operators should obtain the corresponding 26.09-based firmware or BSP from their device vendor since VxWorks is rarely patchable independently of the OEM image. Where upgrading immediately is not feasible, compensating controls should focus on the local code-execution prerequisite: restrict the ability to load or execute untrusted, third-party, or customer-supplied applications on the device (disabling dynamic application loading or sandboxing/reducing the privilege of such tasks), which removes the trigger condition but sacrifices the extensibility that multi-tenant deployments rely on; instrument kernel memory and file-descriptor usage and configure a watchdog or scheduled reboot on threshold breach, which limits the DoS window but causes service interruption and is not a fix; and isolate or network-segment affected devices so that a resource-exhaustion event cannot cascade into safety, control, or monitoring systems. Note that hardening network-facing services does not mitigate this issue, because exploitation is local and availability-only; the only complete remedy is the 26.09 upgrade.

Affected VersionsENISA

VxWorks 7 VxWorks 7

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Technical ContextAI · show details

VxWorks 7 is a real-time operating system widely deployed in embedded and industrial devices, and IPNET is its networking subsystem that handles sockets, network interfaces, and the associated kernel-side descriptors. The defect is classified as CWE-772 (Missing Release of Resource after Effective Lifetime): when an application issues system calls with particular argument combinations, IPNET terminates the calling task without first freeing the kernel memory buffers and file descriptors that were allocated on its behalf. Because the leak accumulates in kernel space and descriptor tables that are not reclaimed, repeated triggering steadily consumes finite system resources and can eventually degrade or halt networking and other services on the device - a classic resource-exhaustion path rather than memory corruption. The CPE cpe:2.3:a:wind_river:vxworks_7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* confirms the affected platform as the VxWorks 7 product line across all pre-26.09 builds, and the CVSS vector's AV:L/PR:L components indicate the trigger requires a local, low-privileged execution context on the target image, which is why the practical exposure is limited to images that host untrusted, third-party, or multi-tenant tasks.

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Severity by source

Vendor (WindRiver) PRIMARY 5.5 MEDIUM
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
vuln.today AI 5.5 MEDIUM

Requires local low-privileged code execution issuing crafted syscalls (AV:L/PR:L), reliably triggerable (AC:L), and only exhausts kernel resources for a DoS (A:H, C/I:N).

3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
4.0 AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (WindRiver).

CVSS VectorVendor: WindRiver

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

DescriptionCVE.org

Wind River VxWorks 7 prior to 26.09, specific system call arguments can result in the IPNET subsystem failing to properly release allocated kernel memory and system file descriptors before terminating the calling application. Fixed in Version 26.09.

Security Researcher: Zhi Yang Bingren Wu Finding

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.1%
Top 99% exploitable
Prevalence
High
VxWorks is a widely-deployed commercial RTOS across embedded, industrial, network and aerospace devices
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.1%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable
No
Human Impact· derived
High
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

28
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +28
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

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