Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
-
AccessLocal access to FunctionFS DMABUF interface
-
DeliveryIssue transfer ioctl on gadget endpoint
-
ExploitForce ESHUTDOWN or ENOMEM error path
-
Executiondma_fence_put() on uninitialized fence
-
ImpactKernel undefined behavior / crash (DoS)
Vulnerability Assessment
| Exploitation Conditions | Requires a Linux device operating in USB gadget/peripheral mode with the FunctionFS (f_fs) function and its DMABUF transfer support enabled (feature present since ~6.9). Exploitation requires local access to the FunctionFS/DMABUF endpoint and the ability to trigger one of two specific error paths in ffs_dmabuf_transfer(): endpoint-disabled (ESHUTDOWN) or request-allocation failure (ENOMEM). Limiting factors: not remotely reachable (AV:L), requires local privileges over the gadget interface (PR:L), and requires deliberately inducing an error condition rather than a normal transfer, which raises attack complexity (AC:H). Systems not configured as USB gadgets or not using f_fs DMABUF are unaffected. |
| Impact | This is a HIGH-CVSS-but-LOW-REAL-RISK issue. The vendor CVSS of 7.0 (AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) overstates confidentiality/integrity impact: the actual defect is calling dma_fence_put() on a fence that was only kmalloc'd - dma_fence_init() has not run, so the kref refcount and fence->ops are uninitialized. The dominant, well-characterized outcome is undefined behavior manifesting as a kernel crash/oops (decrementing a garbage refcount, possibly reaching release via an uninitialized ops function pointer), NOT information disclosure. There is no EPSS score, no CISA KEV listing, and no public exploit - signals all point to no known real-world exploitation. Attack complexity is genuinely high: the bug lives only on two error paths (endpoint-disabled ESHUTDOWN and request-allocation ENOMEM) inside ffs_dmabuf_transfer(), which an attacker must deliberately induce, and requires local access to a FunctionFS/DMABUF interface on a device operating in USB gadget mode. The CVSS vector and the description agree on local vector (AV:L), which is consistent. My independent assessment is closer to ~4.0-4.5. The 'Information Disclosure' tag conflicts with the technical facts - this is a denial-of-service (crash) bug, not disclosure. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | A local process with access to the FunctionFS DMABUF endpoint on a device running in USB gadget mode issues a DMABUF transfer request while forcing an error condition - e.g. the endpoint is disabled (ESHUTDOWN) or memory pressure causes request allocation to fail (ENOMEM). The error path calls dma_fence_put() on a fence whose refcount and ops are still uninitialized, producing undefined behavior that typically crashes the kernel. No public exploit code exists at time of analysis. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Sep 18, 2026
Local attackers with access to a Linux device configured in USB gadget/peripheral mode can trigger undefined behavior in the FunctionFS (f_fs) DMABUF transfer error paths, causing a kernel crash or other availability impact. Affected kernels are those with f_fs DMABUF support (present since Linux 6.9) where ffs_dmabuf_transfer() handles endpoint-disabled (ESHUTDOWN) or request-allocation failure (ENOMEM) by calling dma_fence_put() on an uninitialized fence; an attacker must have local privileges over the gadget interface and deliberately induce one of these error conditions, making exploitation high-complexity and not remotely reachable. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and the flaw is not confirmed actively exploited (CISA KEV); vendor patches are available in Linux 6.12.110, 6.18.52, 7.2.6, and 7.3-rc1.
RemediationAI
Vendor-released patches are available: upgrade to Linux 6.12.110, 6.18.52, 7.2.6, or 7.3-rc1, or apply the upstream stable commits be539138d9a187af3b884525a395db10797c64f1, 5fd8baacc7dc477df9cac61b45491840247a9b1e, 621707dc67c9846fd876d7579ec951d92aa033f1, and 58952c83dfe6ea3294a74734d2d1018c1120779a from git.kernel.org. If immediate kernel upgrade is not possible, restrict access to USB gadget/peripheral mode and the FunctionFS interface to trusted local users, or disable the FunctionFS DMABUF transfer feature if it is not required; these compensating controls reduce exposure but may break legitimate USB gadget emulation or zero-copy DMABUF functionality. The NVD advisory at https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-93121 and the vendor stable commits provide the authoritative patch details. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, so prioritization should focus on systems that expose USB gadget mode to less-trusted users.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
The vulnerability resides in the Linux kernel’s USB gadget FunctionFS (f_fs) function, specifically the DMABUF transfer path introduced around Linux 6.9. FunctionFS lets user-space implement USB gadget functions, and the DMABUF support allows zero-copy transfer of buffers to USB endpoints. In ffs_dmabuf_transfer(), two error paths-endpoint-disabled (ESHUTDOWN) and request-allocation failure (ENOMEM)-jump to a cleanup label that calls dma_fence_put() on a fence object. At that point the fence has only been allocated with kmalloc() and has not yet been initialized by dma_fence_init(), so its reference count and operations pointers are uninitialized; calling dma_fence_put() on such an object results in undefined behavior. The upstream fix replaces dma_fence_put() with kfree() for these early error paths and renames the label to err_fence_free. The CPE cpe:2.3:a:linux:linux:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* reflects that the affected product is the Linux kernel; no CWE identifier is supplied in the source data, but the defect class is best understood as use of an uninitialized resource rather than a memory-safety flaw that is remotely exploitable. The independent assessment rates the impact as availability-only (C:N/I:N/A:H) with local attack vector, high complexity, and low privileges (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).
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Severity by source
AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Local FunctionFS access (AV:L/PR:L), must deliberately hit a rare error path (AC:H); dma_fence_put on uninitialized fence causes a kernel crash (A:H) with no realistic confidentiality/integrity disclosure (C:N/I:N).
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Primary rating from Vendor (Linux).
CVSS VectorVendor: Linux
Lifecycle Timeline
4DescriptionCVE.org
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
usb: gadget: f_fs: Fix fence cleanup in ffs_dmabuf_transfer() error paths
The error paths for endpoint-disabled (ESHUTDOWN) and request-allocation failure (ENOMEM) in ffs_dmabuf_transfer() jump to err_fence_put which calls dma_fence_put() on the fence. However, at that point the fence has only been kmalloc'd - dma_fence_init() has not been called yet, so the refcount and the fence ops are uninitialized. Calling dma_fence_put() on such an object leads to undefined behavior.
Use kfree() instead, since the fence is just a plain allocation at this stage, and rename the label to err_fence_free to reflect the actual cleanup action.
Executive ViewAI
A high-severity kernel flaw (CVE-2026-93121) affects Linux devices running kernel 6.9 or later that are configured in USB gadget/peripheral mode - a configuration found in embedded, automotive, industrial, and specialized hardware rather than standard servers or office endpoints. Exploitation requires a local attacker who already controls the gadget interface and can deliberately trigger a specific error condition, so the realistic outcome is device availability loss (kernel crash and reboot) rather than remote compromise or data exposure. Leadership should care because, although the practical exposure is narrow, the flaw is confirmed patchable today via vendor-released kernel versions, making remediation a straightforward fleet-maintenance action rather than a research problem.
Apply vendor patch.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.
Same technique Denial Of Service
View allVendor StatusVendor
SUSE
Severity: Moderate| Product | Status |
|---|---|
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 15 SP7 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 15 SP7 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 16.0 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 16.0 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 16.1 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 16.1 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP7 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP7 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time 15 SP7 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP7 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP7 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.1 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.1 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP7 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP7 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.0 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.0 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.1 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.1 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Micro 6.0 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Micro 6.0 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Micro 6.0 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Micro 6.1 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Micro 6.1 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Micro 6.1 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Micro 6.2 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Micro 6.2 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Micro Extras 6.0 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Micro Extras 6.0 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Micro Extras 6.0 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Micro Extras 6.1 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Micro Extras 6.1 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Real Time Module 15 SP7 | Not-Affected |
| openSUSE Leap 16.0 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 12 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP6 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 LTSS EXTREME CORE | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 LTSS EXTREME CORE | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP4-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP4-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP5-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP5-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP6 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP6-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP6-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server LTSS Extended Security 12 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server LTSS Extended Security 12 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP6 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP6 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE CaaS Platform 4.0 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Enterprise Storage 6 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Enterprise Storage 7 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Enterprise Storage 7.1 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 11 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP1 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP2 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP6 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP1 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP1-ESPOS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP1-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP2 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP2-ESPOS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP2-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP3-ESPOS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP3-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.0 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.1 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.2 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Micro 5.2 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP1 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP2 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP1 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP2 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time 15 SP2 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time 15 SP3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time 15 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time 15 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time 15 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP1 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP1-BCL | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP1-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP1-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP2 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP2-BCL | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP2-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP2-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP3-BCL | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP3-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP3-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP1 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP2 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Manager Proxy 4.0 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Manager Proxy 4.1 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Manager Proxy 4.2 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Manager Proxy 4.3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Manager Proxy LTS 4.3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Manager Retail Branch Server 4.0 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Manager Retail Branch Server 4.1 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Manager Retail Branch Server 4.2 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Manager Retail Branch Server 4.3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Manager Retail Branch Server LTS 4.3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Manager Server 4.0 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Manager Server 4.1 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Manager Server 4.2 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Manager Server 4.3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Manager Server LTS 4.3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Real Time Module 15 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Real Time Module 15 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| openSUSE Leap 15.3 | Not-Affected |
| openSUSE Leap 15.4 | Not-Affected |
| openSUSE Leap 15.4 | Not-Affected |
| openSUSE Leap 15.5 | Not-Affected |
| openSUSE Leap 15.5 | Not-Affected |
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | Not-Affected |
EUVD-2026-82229
GHSA-vg86-rjrh-q8jw
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Exploit-DB