Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
NFSv4.2 COPY offload requires authenticated NFS client (PR:L) and a timing race with concurrent I/O (AC:H); no confidentiality impact, integrity-only data loss.
Primary rating from Vendor (Linux).
CVSS VectorVendor: Linux
Lifecycle Timeline
6DescriptionCVE.org
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
nfsd: sample writeback error cursor before async COPY loop
_nfsd_copy_file_range() samples dst->f_wb_err into "since" after the copy loop, then uses it to detect writeback errors via filemap_check_wb_err() once vfs_fsync_range() returns. Because the nfsd_file cache reuses a single struct file across requests targeting the same inode, a concurrent COMMIT or stable WRITE on dst advances dst->f_wb_err to the current mapping->wb_err via file_check_and_advance_wb_err() during its own vfs_fsync_range(). If that advancement lands between the writeback error appearing in mapping->wb_err and the COPY worker sampling "since", the worker captures the already-advanced cursor, errseq_check() sees cur == since and returns zero, and NFSD4_COPY_F_COMMITTED is set even though writeback failed. CB_OFFLOAD then encodes wr_stable_how = FILE_SYNC4, the client treats the copied data as durable, and the failure becomes silent data loss.
Sample since once at the start of the function. The cursor then reflects state in effect before this COPY issues any writes, and filemap_check_wb_err() detects any error that occurs during the copy regardless of which thread first observes it. This matches the pattern used by nfsd_vfs_write() and nfsd4_clone_file_range().
AnalysisAI
Silent data loss in the Linux kernel NFSD NFSv4.2 async COPY offload path allows writeback errors to go undetected, causing clients to treat unwritten data as durably committed. The vulnerability stems from a TOCTOU race in _nfsd_copy_file_range(): the writeback-error cursor 'since' is sampled after the copy loop rather than before it, so a concurrent COMMIT or stable WRITE on the same destination inode can advance the error cursor before the COPY worker reads it, masking any writeback failure. …
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Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata
Vulnerability AssessmentAI
| Exploitation | Exploitation requires all of the following: (1) The Linux kernel NFSD must be serving NFSv4.2 with async COPY offload enabled - kernels compiled without NFSv4.2 or deployments not using COPY are unaffected. … Additional conditions and limiting factors are described in the full assessment. |
| Risk Assessment | The NVD-assigned CVSS of 7.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N) significantly overstates real-world risk. … Full risk analysis with EPSS, KEV, and SSVC signal comparison available after sign-in. |
| Exploit Scenario | Full exploit scenario with step-by-step reproduction available after sign-in. |
| Remediation | The primary fix is to upgrade to a patched kernel release: Linux 6.12.109, 6.18.50, 7.2.4, or 7.3-rc1, with upstream commits available at https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/52b2db7a72e19ac2686fa4b2a52406661e7bf9e2 (and sibling commits 8277d4a11ae2cb5495842be558fd946032c24363, a1cbafe756cd5e6ab0e099062f37da7a5b081169, 20a67a7d18221af736f124770c2c5e859b479046). … Detailed patch versions, workarounds, and compensating controls in full report. |
Recommended ActionAI
Within 24 hours, identify all Linux NFS servers in production with NFSv4.2 async COPY offload enabled and prioritize those in critical data paths. …
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External POC / Exploit Code
Leaving vuln.today
EUVD-2026-76616
GHSA-f634-v549-95r8