Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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ReconAttacker crafts Referer header with */ payload
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DeliveryVictim lured to attacker-controlled page
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ExploitBrowser auto-sends Referer on redirect to AVideo
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InstallshowAlertMessage() inserts raw header into JS comment
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C2Comment block closed by */
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ExecuteInjected JavaScript executes in AVideo origin
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ImpactSession token or credentials exfiltrated
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Output encoding, context-aware escaping
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Initial Access, Execution The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | The attack requires that a victim navigate to a vulnerable AVideo page directly from an attacker-controlled origin, so the browser sends an attacker-crafted Referer header. The victim does not need to be authenticated - however, impact is substantially higher against authenticated sessions (admin, uploader roles) where JavaScript execution enables session hijacking. The vulnerable code path must be reachable via a normal GET request to the AVideo endpoint that invokes showAlertMessage(). No special server configuration is required beyond running an unpatched AVideo instance. Exploitation is limited by the social engineering requirement: the victim must click a link or be redirected from the attacker's page, as modern browsers do not send Referer headers across direct address-bar navigation. Same-origin and secure contexts (HTTPS → HTTPS) impose standard browser Referer-Policy constraints, which may suppress or truncate the header in some configurations, further narrowing the effective attack surface. |
| Impact | The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N) scores 5.3, reflecting the medium-severity realistic impact: no privileges required for the attacker (PR:N), but passive user interaction is required (UI:P - victim must navigate from attacker's page). The SC:L/SI:L downstream impact acknowledges that script execution in the AVideo origin can affect the user's session and data integrity within that application, but is bounded in scope. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and no CISA KEV listing is present. EPSS data is not supplied. The real-world risk is meaningful for AVideo deployments that serve authenticated users with sessions worth hijacking (admins, content creators), but the social engineering prerequisite - inducing victims to click links from attacker-controlled pages - limits opportunistic mass exploitation. This is a prioritize-and-patch rather than emergency-response scenario. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker creates a webpage at their controlled domain that either embeds a link or issues a redirect to a target AVideo installation's endpoint where showAlertMessage() is triggered, with the Referer header crafted to contain */ alert(document.cookie) /* . When a logged-in AVideo user visits the attacker's page and follows the link (or is automatically redirected), the browser sends the malicious Referer header; the AVideo server reflects it unencoded into the page's JavaScript, the comment is broken, and the injected script executes, exfiltrating the session cookie to an attacker-controlled server. No POC has been publicly released at time of analysis, but the attack primitive is straightforward for any developer familiar with HTTP header manipulation. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Sep 11, 2026
Reflected XSS in WWBN AVideo's showAlertMessage() function allows unauthenticated attackers to inject arbitrary JavaScript into the site's execution context by abusing how the raw HTTP Referer header is embedded inside a JavaScript block comment without output encoding. Exploitation requires luring a victim to navigate to AVideo from an attacker-controlled page so the browser automatically includes the crafted Referer header. The injected script executes under the AVideo site origin, enabling session theft, credential harvesting, or UI redressing against authenticated users.
RemediationAI
Apply the fix documented in GitHub Security Advisory GHSA-3pp9-g99w-qw3j at https://github.com/WWBN/AVideo/security/advisories/GHSA-3pp9-g99w-qw3j. The remediation requires encoding or sanitizing the Referer header value before embedding it into any JavaScript context in showAlertMessage() - appropriate controls include HTML-encoding, JavaScript string escaping, or removing the Referer value from the JS output entirely. No specific patched release version is independently confirmed in the available data; operators should verify against the repository's commit history post-c3edcc274 for a tagged release or apply the patch from HEAD. As a compensating control pending upgrade, a Content-Security-Policy (CSP) header configured to block inline scripts (script-src 'nonce-...' or 'strict-dynamic') would prevent injected inline JS from executing, with the trade-off that any existing inline scripts in AVideo would also require nonce attribution. Alternatively, a web application firewall rule stripping or blocking Referer headers containing */ sequences can interrupt the injection vector at the network layer.
Affected VersionsENISA
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Technical ContextAI · show details
AVideo (CPE: cpe:2.3:a:wwbn:avideo:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*) is an open-source PHP/JavaScript video hosting platform maintained under the WWBN GitHub organization. The root cause is CWE-79 (Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation), specifically a variant where HTTP header data is reflected into a JavaScript comment context rather than HTML. When the showAlertMessage() JavaScript function embeds the raw Referer header value directly into a JS comment (e.g., /* <referer> */), an attacker can include the sequence */ in the Referer header to prematurely close the comment block and append arbitrary JavaScript tokens. Because browsers automatically send the Referer header when navigating between pages, no user-supplied form input or URL parameter manipulation is needed - the injection vector is the HTTP request header itself.
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- Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N
Network-delivered reflected XSS, no attacker privileges needed, victim must navigate from attacker page (UI:R), scope changes to user browser context (S:C).
Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).
CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck
DescriptionCVE.org
WWBN AVideo through commit c3edcc274c389816d434acadac07ee78eaf330c1 contains a reflected cross-site scripting vulnerability in the showAlertMessage() function that inserts the raw Referer header into a JavaScript comment without encoding. Attackers can craft a Referer header containing */ to close the comment and inject arbitrary JavaScript that executes in the site origin for visitors arriving from the attacker-controlled page.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Cross-Site Scripting occurs when an application accepts untrusted data and sends it to a web browser without proper validation or encoding.
A cross-site scripting (xss) vulnerability exists in the functiongetOpenGraph videoName functionality of WWBN AVideo 11.
An issue in WWBN AVideo v.12.4 through v.14.2 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the systemRootPath
A directory traversal vulnerability exists in the unzipDirectory functionality of WWBN AVideo 11.6 and dev master commit
An insufficient entropy vulnerability exists in the salt generation functionality of WWBN AVideo dev master commit 15fed
Unauthenticated SQL injection in AVideo before 24.0.
OS injection vulnerability in World Wide Broadcast Network AVideo version before 12.4, allows attackers to execute arbit
A reflected cross-site scripting (xss) vulnerability exists in the charts tab selection functionality of WWBN AVideo 11.
A cross-site scripting (xss) vulnerability exists in the channelBody.php user name functionality of WWBN AVideo 11.6 and
A cross-site scripting (xss) vulnerability exists in the videoAddNew functionality of WWBN AVideo 11.6 and dev master co
An insufficient entropy vulnerability exists in the userRecoverPass.php recoverPass generation functionality of WWBN AVi
WWBN AVideo is an open source video platform. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable
AVideo is an open source video platform. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low
EUVD-2026-76051
GHSA-hvjj-pf95-jcvw
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
Exploit-DB