Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessIdentify internet-facing AVideo instance and record public base URL
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DeliverySend unauthenticated POST requests to encryptPass.json.php with chosen password values
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ExploitCollect HMAC-derived encrypted hashes from endpoint responses
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ExecutionObtain AVideo user credential database via separate compromise
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PersistMatch stored hashes against oracle-generated lookup table offline
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ImpactRecover plaintext passwords without server-side rate-limit constraints
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A04:2025 - Cryptographic Failures
ASVS 5.0
V11 - Cryptography Key management, no hard-coded keys
|
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires only network-level access to the encryptPass.json.php endpoint - no authentication, account credentials, or special configuration is needed, as the HMAC key is the site's public base URL which any visitor can observe. The current time is also an input to the token computation, but since the attacker controls the request timing, this is not a meaningful constraint. The full chained impact (offline credential recovery) additionally requires the attacker to have separately obtained a copy of the AVideo user password database through an independent compromise vector. Without a stolen database, the attack yields hashes only for attacker-supplied inputs, limiting standalone impact to hash oracle information disclosure. The vulnerability is present in all AVideo deployments through commit 9c39d8c8 regardless of configuration. |
| Impact | The CVSS 4.0 score of 6.9 with AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N accurately captures the direct, standalone impact: low confidentiality exposure (hash oracle output for attacker-chosen inputs) with no integrity or availability consequence. Real-world risk is context-dependent and elevated in a chained scenario: if an attacker has separately exfiltrated an AVideo user database, this oracle collapses offline cracking difficulty by providing on-demand hash generation without server-side rate limiting or lockout. As a standalone attack with no stolen database, the immediate impact is limited. No KEV listing and no identified public exploit code indicate the vulnerability is not currently being mass-exploited. EPSS data is absent from provided inputs, so exploitation probability cannot be quantified from available signals. The primary realistic threat is a motivated attacker targeting a specific AVideo instance post-breach, not automated mass exploitation. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker identifies a public AVideo installation, notes the base URL (e.g., https://example.com/avideo), and sends unauthenticated HTTP requests to encryptPass.json.php with attacker-chosen passwords, collecting the resulting HMAC-derived hashes for each input. Using a separately obtained dump of the AVideo user table, the attacker cross-references stored hashes against their precomputed oracle output, recovering plaintext credentials without triggering server-side authentication lockouts or rate limits. No exploit code is publicly confirmed, but the attack requires only basic HTTP tooling and knowledge of the public URL. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Sep 01, 2026
Unauthenticated HMAC token forgery in WWBN AVideo through commit 9c39d8c8 exposes a cryptographic oracle via encryptPass.json.php, allowing any remote attacker to compute valid authentication tokens using only the publicly known site base URL as the HMAC key. The endpoint accepts arbitrary plaintext passwords and returns AVideo-formatted encrypted hashes, functioning as an unrestricted hash oracle that enables offline precomputation attacks - particularly dangerous when combined with a separately stolen AVideo credential database. No active exploitation is confirmed (not in CISA KEV), and no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.
RemediationAI
Apply the fix referenced in vendor advisory GHSA-q92q-q2f7-v4fc at https://github.com/WWBN/AVideo/security/advisories/GHSA-q92q-q2f7-v4fc, which addresses the predictable HMAC key derivation in encryptPass.json.php. No specific patched release version number is provided in the available input data - administrators should update to a commit beyond 9c39d8c8 once a fix is confirmed merged upstream and verify with the advisory. As an interim compensating control, restrict unauthenticated external access to encryptPass.json.php via web server rules (nginx location block with deny or Apache .htaccess), noting this may break legitimate client workflows that call the endpoint without prior session authentication and should be tested before deployment. Additionally, rotate AVideo user passwords as a precaution if the instance is internet-facing, since hash oracle exposure reduces the cost of future credential cracking.
Affected VersionsENISA
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Technical ContextAI · show details
The root cause is CWE-321 (Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key), where the HMAC key in encryptPass.json.php is derived from the site's public base URL - a value any visitor can observe - rather than a server-side secret. PHP's hash_hmac function is called with this predictable key, meaning the full cryptographic operation is reproducible by any network-accessible party without credentials. The affected product is WWBN AVideo (CPE: cpe:2.3:a:wwbn:avideo:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*), an open-source PHP video-sharing and management platform. By submitting arbitrary passwords to the endpoint and collecting the resulting hashes, an attacker builds a lookup table or precomputed rainbow table keyed to AVideo's specific hashing scheme, dramatically reducing the cost of cracking any subsequently obtained AVideo password store.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Network-accessible unauthenticated endpoint yields only hash oracle output (VC:L); no integrity or availability impact applies.
Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).
CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck
DescriptionCVE.org
WWBN AVideo through commit 9c39d8c8 contains an incomplete authentication bypass in encryptPass.json.php that allows unauthenticated attackers to compute valid HMAC tokens using the public site URL and current time. Attackers can forge authentication tokens by computing hash_hmac with the site's base URL as the key and submit arbitrary passwords to receive encrypted hashes, enabling offline precomputation attacks against stolen password databases.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.
A cross-site scripting (xss) vulnerability exists in the functiongetOpenGraph videoName functionality of WWBN AVideo 11.
An issue in WWBN AVideo v.12.4 through v.14.2 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the systemRootPath
A directory traversal vulnerability exists in the unzipDirectory functionality of WWBN AVideo 11.6 and dev master commit
An insufficient entropy vulnerability exists in the salt generation functionality of WWBN AVideo dev master commit 15fed
Unauthenticated SQL injection in AVideo before 24.0.
OS injection vulnerability in World Wide Broadcast Network AVideo version before 12.4, allows attackers to execute arbit
A reflected cross-site scripting (xss) vulnerability exists in the charts tab selection functionality of WWBN AVideo 11.
A cross-site scripting (xss) vulnerability exists in the channelBody.php user name functionality of WWBN AVideo 11.6 and
A cross-site scripting (xss) vulnerability exists in the videoAddNew functionality of WWBN AVideo 11.6 and dev master co
An insufficient entropy vulnerability exists in the userRecoverPass.php recoverPass generation functionality of WWBN AVi
WWBN AVideo is an open source video platform. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable
AVideo is an open source video platform. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low
EUVD-2026-69725
GHSA-748m-wrhq-3hc2
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
VulDB
Exploit-DB