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Oracle Java SE EUVDEUVD-2026-46555

| CVE-2026-60147 MEDIUM
Improper Access Control (CWE-284)
2026-07-21 oracle GHSA-4pv6-97j8-3pwq
Authentication Bypass Java Oracle Oracle Java Se Oracle Graalvm Enterprise Edition Oracle Graalvm For Jdk Oracle Corporation
6.5
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: oracle
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Identify network-exposed Java web service
  2. Exploit
    Send crafted multi-protocol request to Security API endpoint
  3. Execution
    Trigger authentication bypass in Security component
  4. Impact
    Read subset of accessible data or perform unauthorized data writes

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
CWE-284
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Access control enforcement
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Defense Evasion

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

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Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires network access to a system running one of the specifically enumerated affected Java SE versions (8u491, 8u491-perf, 11.0.31, 17.0.19, 21.0.11, 25.0.3, or 26.0.1) or GraalVM versions (for JDK 17.0.19 or 21.0.11; Enterprise Edition 21.3.18) where the Security component APIs are exposed - typically through a Java web service or API gateway deployed to handle network requests. The server-side path requires no special configuration beyond a running Java application that consumes Security APIs and accepts network requests, which describes the majority of Java-based server deployments. A secondary path requires a client environment that still supports and executes sandboxed Java Web Start applications or Java applets loading untrusted code from the internet - this is a non-default condition in modern Java distributions where browser plugins and Web Start have been removed, limiting this vector to legacy Java 8 JRE deployments with active browser integration. No authentication, elevated privileges, or user interaction are required for the server-side exploitation path per the PR:N/UI:N CVSS metrics. Exploitation is bounded by partial data impacts only - no code execution or availability disruption is indicated by Oracle's impact description.
Impact

The CVSS 3.1 base score of 6.5 (Medium) with vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N carries several amplifying factors beyond the numeric score. Oracle's own characterization as 'easily exploitable' with zero prerequisites (no privileges, no user interaction, low attack complexity) over the network is a meaningful signal - Oracle applies this label rarely and it often precedes rapid weaponization. The Scope Unchanged (S:U) metric limits blast radius to the Java process itself, and the partial impacts (C:L/I:L) with no availability impact suggest data exposure or manipulation rather than full compromise or denial of service. No EPSS score was provided in the intelligence data, and this CVE does not appear in the CISA KEV catalog, meaning no confirmed active exploitation is known at time of analysis - POC code status is likewise unconfirmed. The most significant risk amplifier is breadth: this spans seven Java SE versions from Java 8 through Java 26 and two GraalVM product lines, meaning virtually every Java deployment generation is affected simultaneously. The dual exploitation paths (server-side web service APIs and client-side sandboxed applet environments) widen the potential victim population. Defenders should not be lulled by the Medium CVSS score given the combination of zero-prerequisite network exploitability and the ubiquitous Java deployment footprint.
Exploit ScenarioDerived

An unauthenticated remote attacker sends a crafted request over a standard network protocol - such as HTTPS or LDAP - to an externally accessible Java-based web service that internally invokes the Oracle Java Security APIs. By exploiting the authentication bypass in the Security component, the attacker reads a subset of data the service has access to or performs unauthorized insert, update, or delete operations against accessible data stores, without presenting any credentials. No public exploit code is known at time of analysis, though Oracle's 'easily exploitable' classification suggests that development of functional exploit code would require minimal attacker sophistication.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Jul 22, 2026

Oracle Java SE's Security component across versions 8u491 through 26.0.1 - and GraalVM for JDK/Enterprise Edition counterparts - contains an authentication bypass that allows unauthenticated network attackers to perform unauthorized read and write operations against data accessible by the Java runtime. Oracle classifies this as 'easily exploitable' via multiple protocols with no user interaction required, reachable either through server-side web services consuming Security APIs or through sandboxed Java Web Start and applet clients loading untrusted code. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the no-complexity network vector across a ubiquitous technology warrants priority patching.

RemediationAI

Apply Oracle's Critical Patch Update for July 2026, detailed at https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2026.html. The advisory covers all three affected product lines; administrators should consult the CPU patch availability matrix to identify the exact remediated build for their installed Java SE or GraalVM version, as specific fixed build numbers were not extracted from the available intelligence data - confirmed fix versions should be verified directly against Oracle's CPU documentation before deployment. As a compensating control for server-side deployments that cannot be patched immediately, restrict network access to Java-based web services exposing Security APIs to trusted internal network segments, reducing exposure from internet-facing networks where unauthenticated access is most dangerous - note this does not eliminate risk from internal threats. For client-side environments running Java Web Start or browser applets loading untrusted code, disabling or removing the Java browser plugin and Web Start runtime eliminates that secondary attack surface entirely, with the trade-off of breaking legacy Java applet workflows that depend on these mechanisms. Environments running multiple Java versions (LTS and current) should prioritize patching all active runtime versions simultaneously, as this CVE spans the entire supported Java version range.

Affected VersionsENISA

Oracle Java SE 8u491
Oracle Java SE 11.0.31
Oracle Java SE 25.0.3
Oracle GraalVM for JDK 17.0.19
Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition 21.3.18
Oracle Java SE 17.0.19
Oracle Java SE 26.0.1
Oracle GraalVM for JDK 21.0.11
Oracle Java SE 8u491-perf
Oracle Java SE 21.0.11

Affected Packages

euvd oracle_graalvm_enterprise_edition no fix
euvd oracle_graalvm_for_jdk no fix
euvd oracle_java_se no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 3 packages in euvd

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Technical ContextAI · show details

The vulnerability is rooted in the Security component of Oracle Java SE - the suite of packages governing cryptographic operations, authentication policy enforcement, and trust management (java.security, javax.security, and related subsystems including JSSE, JCE, and JAAS). The 'Authentication Bypass' tag in the intelligence metadata indicates the flaw permits circumvention of security policy or trust verification within these APIs rather than a simple crash or data corruption. The CWE is listed as N/A, so no formal root-cause class has been assigned by NVD. Oracle's description confirms the attack surface spans 'multiple protocols,' consistent with Security API usage across HTTPS, LDAP, Kerberos, and other network-facing Java services. The secondary attack surface - sandboxed Java Web Start applications and applets loading untrusted code - reflects the historic browser-plugin Java sandbox model, still technically present in older JRE deployments. CPE identifiers confirm three distinct product lines are affected: cpe:2.3:a:oracle_corporation:oracle_java_se, cpe:2.3:a:oracle_corporation:oracle_graalvm_for_jdk, and cpe:2.3:a:oracle_corporation:oracle_graalvm_enterprise_edition.

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Severity by source

Vendor (oracle) PRIMARY 6.5 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
vuln.today AI 6.5 MEDIUM

Network-reachable Security APIs with no credential requirement justify AV:N/PR:N; partial data impact with no code execution or DoS confirms C:L/I:L/A:N and S:U.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SUSE MEDIUM
Red Hat 6.5 MEDIUM

Primary rating from Vendor (oracle).

CVSS VectorVendor: oracle

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
Low
Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

Vulnerability in the Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Java SE (component: Security). Supported versions that are affected are Oracle Java SE: 8u491, 8u491-perf, 11.0.31, 17.0.19, 21.0.11, 25.0.3, 26.0.1; Oracle GraalVM for JDK: 17.0.19 and 21.0.11; Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition: 21.3.18. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition accessible data as well as unauthorized read access to a subset of Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition accessible data. Note: This vulnerability can be exploited by using APIs in the specified Component, e.g., through a web service which supplies data to the APIs. This vulnerability also applies to Java deployments, typically in clients running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets, that load and run untrusted code (e.g., code that comes from the internet) and rely on the Java sandbox for security. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 6.5 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N).

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 81% exploitable
Prevalence
Ubiquitous
Oracle Java SE underpins the vast majority of enterprise application stacks globally.
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High
EUVD 🇯🇵JVN NVD CVE.org EPSS MSRC Vendor VulDB

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
Yes
Human Impact· derived
High

Priority Score

32
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +32
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication Bypass CRITICAL

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

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Same weakness CWE-284 – Improper Access Control

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CVE-2014-3120 HIGH POC
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Same technique Authentication Bypass

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Vendor StatusVendor

SUSE

Severity: Moderate
Product Status
SUSE Liberty Linux 8 Fixed
SUSE Liberty Linux 9 Fixed
openSUSE Tumbleweed Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOS Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-LTSS Affected

References

Advisories & patches
ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:42876 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:42877 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:42878 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:42879 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:42880 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:42881 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:42882 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:42887 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:42889 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:42893 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:42895 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:42897 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:42898 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:42900 ADVISORY https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-60147 ADVISORY https://ubuntu.com/security/notices/USN-8681-1 ADVISORY https://vuldb.com/vuln/381201 ADVISORY https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2026.html

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