Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
-
AccessObtain KiviCare Doctor/Receptionist/Clinic Admin credential
-
DeliveryAuthenticate to WordPress REST API
-
ExploitCraft malicious 'orderby' parameter payload
-
ExecutionSubmit request to DoctorSessionController endpoint
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PersistKCQueryBuilder appends unsanitized input to SQL ORDER BY
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ImpactExtract sensitive patient or credential data from database
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Parameterized queries, prepared statements
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Initial Access, Persistence The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires a valid WordPress account that has been assigned one of three KiviCare plugin-specific roles: Doctor, Receptionist, or Clinic Admin. Standard WordPress roles (subscriber, contributor, author, editor) do NOT satisfy this condition - the REST endpoint enforces KiviCare's own capability checks. The vulnerable parameter is 'orderby' on a DoctorSessionController REST API endpoint, meaning the WordPress installation must have the KiviCare plugin installed and active, and the target site must expose the WP REST API (enabled by default). What limits exploitation: (1) the attacker must possess a KiviCare-role credential, limiting meaningful risk to insider threats or credential-compromise scenarios; (2) impact is read-only (I:N/A:N), so the attacker cannot modify or destroy data through this vector; (3) the injection class is ORDER BY, which typically prevents stacked queries and limits attack technique to UNION-based or time-based blind extraction depending on database configuration. |
| Impact | The official CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N) scores 6.5 and accurately characterizes the attack: network-reachable, low complexity, low-privilege authenticated, no scope change, confidentiality-only impact. The PR:L designation is the most important limiting signal - exploitation is gated behind a KiviCare-specific role that would only be assigned to clinic staff, not arbitrary WordPress users. This substantially reduces the effective attack surface compared to a PR:N flaw. No KEV listing exists, and no POC is confirmed from available data, making this a low-urgency but real confidentiality risk for organizations running this plugin with multiple staff accounts. The S:U scoping confirms database impact stays within the WordPress installation's database schema. No EPSS probability was provided in the source data, so exploitation likelihood cannot be quantified beyond the structural signals above. The absence of integrity and availability impact (I:N/A:N) is consistent with a read-only ORDER BY injection that cannot write data. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker who holds a KiviCare Doctor or Receptionist account - whether a malicious insider or an external actor who has compromised a staff credential - authenticates to the WordPress REST API and submits a crafted GET or POST request to the DoctorSessionController endpoint with a payload such as 'orderby=id,(SELECT+1+FROM+(SELECT+SLEEP(5))x)' or a UNION-based extraction string. Because the parameter is appended directly into the ORDER BY clause via KCQueryBuilder, the injected SQL executes against the WordPress database and can return patient records, appointment data, or credential hashes. No public proof-of-concept has been confirmed, but the vulnerability class is well-understood and the code path is publicly visible in the plugin repository. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Jul 11, 2026
SQL injection in the KiviCare - Clinic & Patient Management System (EHR) WordPress plugin through version 4.5.0 enables authenticated clinic users to extract arbitrary data from the underlying database via a manipulated 'orderby' REST API parameter. The flaw resides in DoctorSessionController.php (lines 648 and 660) where user-supplied sort values are concatenated into queries without escaping or prepared-statement protections, cascading through KCQueryBuilder.php. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing is identified at time of analysis; EPSS data was not provided, but the authenticated-only prerequisite and niche deployment footprint materially limit real-world impact.
RemediationAI
An upstream fix has been committed to the WordPress plugin repository as changeset 3602561 (https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?reponame=&old=3602561%40kivicare-clinic-management-system&new=3602561%40kivicare-clinic-management-system); however, the exact patched release version is not independently confirmed from available data - update to any version released after 4.5.0 once available in the WordPress plugin directory. As a compensating control prior to patching, administrators should restrict the KiviCare Doctor, Receptionist, and Clinic Admin roles to the minimum number of trusted staff accounts, since exploitation requires one of these role assignments - reducing the number of accounts with these roles directly reduces exposure. Additionally, a web application firewall rule blocking SQL metacharacter sequences in ORDER BY parameters on the KiviCare REST API paths can interrupt exploitation attempts, though this adds maintenance overhead and may interfere with legitimate sorting functionality.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
CWE-89 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command) describes the root cause: user-controlled input is concatenated directly into a SQL ORDER BY clause rather than being validated against an allowlist or parameterized. The WordPress plugin trac references confirm the vulnerable logic in DoctorSessionController.php (lines 648 and 660) and the shared query-building layer KCQueryBuilder.php (line 470). The REST API endpoint is registered by the KiviCare plugin under its own access-control layer, meaning WordPress core role capabilities (subscriber, contributor, editor) are irrelevant - only KiviCare-native roles (Doctor, Receptionist, Clinic Admin) are checked. The affected CPE is cpe:2.3:a:iqonicdesign:kivicare_-_clinic_&_patient_management_system_(ehr):*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, covering all releases through 4.5.0.
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Network REST API endpoint (AV:N), no special conditions beyond role possession (AC:L), requires plugin-specific authenticated role (PR:L); read-only ORDER BY injection yields confidentiality impact only (C:H/I:N/A:N).
Primary rating from Vendor (Wordfence).
CVSS VectorVendor: Wordfence
DescriptionCVE.org
The KiviCare - Clinic & Patient Management System (EHR) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to generic SQL Injection via the 'orderby' parameter in all versions up to, and including, 4.5.0 due to insufficient escaping on the user supplied parameter and lack of sufficient preparation on the existing SQL query. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Doctor-level access and above, to append additional SQL queries into already existing queries that can be used to extract sensitive information from the database. Exploitation requires a KiviCare Doctor, Receptionist, or Clinic Admin role at minimum, as the vulnerable REST endpoint is restricted to authenticated users with custom plugin-level access.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
SQL injection exploits the way applications construct database queries by mixing user input directly into SQL statements.
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EUVD-2026-43121
GHSA-hvqv-gc8j-r5g2
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
VulDB
Exploit-DB