Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessObtain any authenticated WordPress account
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DeliverySend POST to wp-admin/admin-ajax.php with action=groundhogg_get_contacts_table
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ExploitInject SQL payload in 'after' parameter (no nonce or capability check enforced)
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ExecutionStacked query executes against WordPress database
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ImpactExfiltrate CRM contacts, PII, and wp_users table data
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Parameterized queries, prepared statements
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Initial Access, Persistence The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires a valid WordPress authenticated session at any role level - subscriber, contributor, author, editor, or administrator - because the wp_ajax_groundhogg_get_contacts_table handler's capability check is commented out and no nonce is verified. The Groundhogg plugin must be installed and active on the target WordPress site at version 4.5.4 or earlier. No specific non-default configuration is required beyond plugin installation. What limits exploitation: the attacker must hold any authenticated account on the WordPress site; exploitation against sites with closed user registration requires credential theft or social engineering first. The attack surface is limited to data exfiltration (read-only SQL injection) and does not appear to enable write operations or remote code execution based on available description. The CVSS vector PR:L reflects the authenticated-user requirement, but the effective bar is lower than 'Sales Manager' as the CVE description initially implies. |
| Impact | The provided CVSS 3.1 score of 6.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N) reflects a network-accessible, low-complexity, low-privilege SQL injection with high confidentiality impact and no integrity or availability impact. In practice, the risk is somewhat higher than the score implies: the capability check being commented out means the effective privilege requirement is any authenticated WordPress user, not a Sales Manager role, which on sites with open user registration approaches a near-unauthenticated condition. The impact is confined to data exfiltration (C:H) - the injection pattern described is read-only ('extract sensitive information'), consistent with a stacked/blind read rather than write capability. No EPSS data was provided in the input and this CVE is not listed in CISA KEV, meaning active exploitation is not confirmed. The Wordfence changeset reference (revision 3585561) suggests a patch was committed upstream, which partially reduces urgency. However, CRM databases in Groundhogg deployments routinely contain customer PII, email lists, and marketing analytics - making exfiltration highly impactful for affected businesses. The discrepancy between the CVE description's 'Sales Manager-level' qualifier and the actual commented-out capability check is notable: defenders should treat the real bar as any authenticated user, not Sales Manager. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker registers or otherwise obtains any authenticated WordPress account (including subscriber-level) on a target site running Groundhogg 4.5.4 or earlier. The attacker then sends a crafted POST request to wp-admin/admin-ajax.php with action=groundhogg_get_contacts_table and an SQL-injected value in the 'after' parameter, bypassing the commented-out capability check and absent nonce verification. The injected SQL appends additional SELECT clauses, enabling the attacker to read arbitrary database tables including WordPress user credentials, contact PII, and CRM data. No public POC code has been identified at time of analysis. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Jun 26, 2026
SQL Injection in the Groundhogg WordPress plugin (versions up to and including 4.5.4) allows any authenticated WordPress user - regardless of role - to extract sensitive data from the underlying database via the unsanitized 'after' parameter in the contacts table AJAX handler. The critical amplifier here is that the AJAX handler wp_ajax_groundhogg_get_contacts_table has its role capability check commented out and lacks nonce verification, effectively reducing the privilege bar from Sales Manager (as the CVE description initially implies) to any authenticated user including subscribers on open-registration sites. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the low exploitation bar and the data exfiltration potential against CRM databases containing customer PII make this a meaningful risk for affected deployments.
RemediationAI
The primary fix is to update the Groundhogg plugin to a version beyond 4.5.4; a patch was committed to the WordPress plugin SVN repository as changeset 3585561 (https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=&sfph_mail=&reponame=&old=3585561%40groundhogg&new=3585561%40groundhogg&sfp_email=&sfph_mail=), however the exact released version number containing this fix is not independently confirmed from the available input data - administrators should check the WordPress.org plugin page for the latest release and verify it is newer than 4.5.4. As an immediate compensating control if patching is not immediately possible, restrict WordPress user registration to prevent untrusted parties from obtaining any authenticated session, and audit which roles have access to the WordPress admin dashboard. Web application firewall rules targeting SQL metacharacter injection patterns in the 'after' POST parameter on wp-admin/admin-ajax.php requests can provide additional depth, though these may produce false positives on legitimate contact queries. The Wordfence advisory at https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/f2ba40d9-2d37-453a-a731-078f1de1fc69 should be monitored for confirmation of the fixed version.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
Groundhogg is a WordPress CRM, email marketing, and automation plugin developed by trainingbusinesspros. The vulnerability is rooted in CWE-89 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command), specifically in the legacy-contact-query.php file where the 'after' parameter is appended to SQL queries without adequate escaping or parameterized preparation. Source references pinpoint the vulnerable lines at legacy-contact-query.php#L1013 and #L1017, contact-query.php#L2586, and contacts-page.php#L766. The AJAX action wp_ajax_groundhogg_get_contacts_table, registered through WordPress's AJAX API, is meant to be restricted by a capability check - however, that check is commented out in the 4.5.4 source (contacts-table.php#L101), and the handler performs no nonce verification. In WordPress's AJAX architecture, the wp_ajax_ hook requires only that a user be logged in, so the effective privilege requirement collapses to any valid WordPress session. The CPE cpe:2.3:a:trainingbusinesspros:groundhogg_-_crm,_newsletters,_and_marketing_automation:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* covers all versions through 4.5.4.
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Network-reachable AJAX endpoint, any authenticated user exploitable due to commented-out capability check; impact is read-only data exfiltration, so I:N and A:N.
Primary rating from Vendor (Wordfence).
CVSS VectorVendor: Wordfence
DescriptionCVE.org
The Groundhogg - CRM, Newsletters, and Marketing Automation plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to generic SQL Injection via the 'after' parameter in all versions up to, and including, 4.5.4 due to insufficient escaping on the user supplied parameter and lack of sufficient preparation on the existing SQL query. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Sales Manager-level access and above, to append additional SQL queries into already existing queries that can be used to extract sensitive information from the database. The AJAX handler wp_ajax_groundhogg_get_contacts_table has its capability check commented out and performs no nonce verification, meaning any authenticated user regardless of role can reach the vulnerable code path.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
SQL injection exploits the way applications construct database queries by mixing user input directly into SQL statements.
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EUVD-2026-39615
GHSA-rxvc-vf4p-vf7c
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
Exploit-DB