Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Cookie is parsed pre-auth over HTTP so AV:N/PR:N/UI:N; viable gadget chain is a real but low-effort barrier mapped to AC:L in 3.1, with full RCE giving C:H/I:H/A:H.
Primary rating from Vendor (Joomla).
CVSS VectorVendor: Joomla
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionCVE.org
SP LMS (com_splms) < 4.1.4 by JoomShaper deserializes user-controlled cookie data without validation, enabling an unauthenticated remote attacker to execute arbitrary code on the server.
AnalysisAI
Unauthenticated remote code execution in JoomShaper's SP LMS (com_splms) Joomla extension versions 1.0.0 through 4.1.3 allows network attackers to run arbitrary code on the server by sending a crafted cookie that the component deserializes without validation. The flaw is a textbook PHP object injection (CWE-502) with a CVSS 4.0 base score of 9.5, but at time of analysis there is no public exploit identified and the issue is not on the CISA KEV list. Risk is elevated because the trigger is a cookie value parsed before any authentication check.
Technical ContextAI
The vulnerable component is SP LMS, a learning-management extension for the Joomla CMS published by JoomShaper (CPE cpe:2.3:a:joomshaper.net:sp_lms_extension_for_joomla). The root cause is CWE-502, Deserialization of Untrusted Data: the extension reads attacker-controlled cookie data and passes it to PHP's unserialize() (or a similar object-rebuilding routine) without integrity checks or an allow-list of classes. In a Joomla deployment the rebuilt object can chain into magic methods (__wakeup, __destruct, __toString) across loaded libraries, producing a POP-chain that yields arbitrary code execution under the web server account, which on most LAMP stacks is www-data or apache.
RemediationAI
Vendor-released patch: SP LMS 4.1.4 - upgrade com_splms to 4.1.4 or later via the Joomla extension manager as the primary fix, sourcing the package from https://www.joomshaper.com/ and cross-checking the advisory at https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-48909 and https://vuldb.com/vuln/372540. Until the upgrade is applied, restrict reachability of the com_splms endpoints at the web server or WAF layer by blocking requests carrying the specific cookie name(s) the extension consumes, or by limiting access to authenticated sessions from known IPs; note that cookie stripping can break legitimate course state and that WAF rules on serialized PHP payloads (e.g. strings beginning with O: or a:) may produce false positives on other plugins. Disabling the com_splms component entirely is the highest-assurance interim control but takes the LMS offline for users.
Same weakness CWE-502 – Deserialization of Untrusted Data
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External POC / Exploit Code
Leaving vuln.today
EUVD-2026-38108
GHSA-gf8c-xmwj-whrh