Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessAuthenticate as low-privileged user
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ExploitCraft malicious ID parameter in chat.php link
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ExecutionVictim opens crafted link
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ImpactScript executes in victim browser session
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Output encoding, context-aware escaping
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Initial Access, Execution The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation targets the ID argument of the chat.php script and produces reflected cross-site scripting. Per the CVSS 4.0 vector, it requires an authenticated low-privileged account (PR:L) and victim user interaction (UI:P) - typically the victim opening an attacker-crafted link - so it is not a default, unauthenticated, zero-interaction scenario. Impact is limited to integrity on the vulnerable system (VI:L) with no confidentiality or availability effect. Realistic risk is further constrained by the product's niche, non-enterprise footprint and by the absence of any released fix, since the project uses a rolling release and has not responded to the report. The precise injection/trigger mechanics beyond the ID parameter are not described in the available sources. |
| Impact | This is a low-severity reflected cross-site scripting issue (CWE-79) in the chat.php component of an obscure GitHub-hosted payroll application, and nearly every available signal points to low real-world priority. The supplied CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N) scores only 2.0: network-reachable and low-complexity, but requiring an authenticated low-privileged account (PR:L) and victim interaction (UI:P), with impact limited to integrity-low on the vulnerable system and no confidentiality or availability effect. EPSS reinforces this at 0.20% (10th percentile), indicating very low predicted exploitation likelihood. The CVE is not listed in CISA KEV, so there is no confirmed active exploitation, and the vuln.today decision label is 'monitor' rather than any act-now tier. The exploit signal is weak: the input shows only a PoC reference (a GitHub issue), not verified working exploit code, so POC availability should not be conflated with active exploitation. All signals are consistent here - low CVSS, low EPSS, no KEV, monitor decision - so this is a genuinely low-priority finding rather than a high-CVSS/low-real-risk mismatch. The main open gap is that the product uses a rolling release with no affected or fixed version identifiers, and the vendor has not responded to the issue report, so there is no vendor-confirmed remediation. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An authenticated low-privileged user of the payroll system crafts a malicious value for the ID argument of chat.php and lures another logged-in user into opening the resulting link, causing attacker-controlled script to execute in the victim's browser session. A public PoC reference exists (a GitHub issue) but is not verified as working exploit code, so practical weaponization is unconfirmed. The low-complexity network vector is offset by the required authentication and victim interaction. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 28, 2026
Reflected cross-site scripting in the chat.php script of MD-MAFUJUL-HASAN Online-Payroll-Management-System allows an authenticated low-privileged user to manipulate the ID argument so that attacker-supplied script runs in a victim's browser when the victim follows a crafted link. Scoring is low: the CVE carries CVSS 4.0 base 2.0 and our independent assessment rates it CVSS 3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N, with impact confined to limited integrity change and no confidentiality or availability effect. A public PoC reference exists at the project's GitHub issue tracker; it is not verified as working exploit code, EPSS is 0.20% (10th percentile), there is no CISA KEV entry and no confirmed active exploitation, and the maintainer has not responded to the report, so no fixed release is available for this rolling-release project.
RemediationAI
No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis: the maintainer was notified through the GitHub issue tracker but has not responded, and the rolling-release model means there is no tagged fixed version to upgrade to, so re-check https://github.com/MD-MAFUJUL-HASAN/Online-Payroll-Management-System/ and the VulDB entry https://vuldb.com/vuln/426580 for a commit that neutralizes the ID parameter in chat.php. Until such a fix lands, apply compensating controls at the deployment: add contextual HTML/attribute output encoding (or reject non-numeric values) for the ID argument in chat.php, which closes the reflection but requires modifying third-party code that a later upstream pull may overwrite; restrict chat.php to authenticated, trusted staff and place it behind network or SSO-level access control, which reduces the exposed population but does not remove the flaw for legitimate users; and deploy a content security policy plus a WAF rule matching script payloads in the ID parameter, which can block common vectors but is bypassable and needs tuning to avoid breaking chat functionality.
Affected VersionsENISA
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Technical ContextAI · show details
The target is a PHP-based payroll web application hosted on GitHub by MD-MAFUJUL-HASAN, tracked by a wildcard CPE (cpe:2.3:a:md-mafujul-hasan:online-payroll-management-system) because the project ships as a rolling release rather than tagged versions. The flaw is CWE-79 (improper neutralization of input during web page generation) in chat.php, where the ID argument is reflected back into the response without adequate encoding; the CVSS 4.0 vector marks scope change (S:C) and limited integrity impact (VI:L) with no confidentiality or availability effect. Per the assessed vector, reaching the vulnerable path requires an authenticated low-privileged session (PR:L) and victim interaction (UI:R), typically a victim opening an attacker-crafted URL, so this is not a default unauthenticated zero-interaction scenario. The specific injection and trigger mechanics beyond the ID parameter are not described in the available sources.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
Reflected XSS in an authenticated area so PR:L and UI:R; script executing in the victim browser crosses a trust boundary (S:C) with integrity-only impact (I:L), matching the input's VC:N/VI:L/VA:N.
Primary rating from Vendor (VulDB).
CVSS VectorVendor: VulDB
Lifecycle Timeline
3DescriptionCVE.org
A vulnerability was detected in MD-MAFUJUL-HASAN Online-Payroll-Management-System up to a8902bf64575e325f6d6bf93a55f7bd273ec58cd. Affected is an unknown function of the file chat.php. Performing a manipulation of the argument ID results in cross site scripting. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used. This product is using a rolling release to provide continious delivery. Therefore, no version details for affected nor updated releases are available. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Cross-Site Scripting occurs when an application accepts untrusted data and sends it to a web browser without proper validation or encoding.
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EPSS
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