Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessAuthenticate with low-privilege Oracle account
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ExploitConnect to VPD component via Oracle Net
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ExecutionAbuse Create Table privilege to bypass VPD policy
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ImpactRead, modify, or delete VPD-protected critical data
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Access control enforcement
MITRE ATT&CK
1 technique across 1 tactic: Defense Evasion The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Requires a valid Oracle Database account holding the Create Table privilege and network reachability to the database via Oracle Net; the target is the Virtual Private Database (VPD) row-level security feature, so VPD policies must be in use for the impact to matter. Limiting factors: exploitation is authenticated (not pre-auth) and depends on low-privilege accounts being granted Create Table - environments that restrict Create Table to trusted administrators sharply reduce exposure. No user interaction is needed and attack complexity is low once those prerequisites are met. Affected versions: 19.3-19.32, 21.3-21.23, and 23.4.0-23.26.3. |
| Impact | The CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N) places this in the High band, driven by network reachability, low attack complexity, no user interaction, and high confidentiality and integrity impact. The one meaningful brake is PR:L: the attacker must already hold a valid database account with the Create Table privilege, so this is a privilege-abuse / security-control-bypass issue rather than a pre-auth internet-facing flaw. No EPSS score, SSVC decision data, KEV listing, or public POC were provided in the input, so exploitation-probability and in-the-wild signals cannot be assessed - the risk rating rests solely on the CVSS vector and Oracle's description. Importantly, the CVSS vector (PR:L) directly contradicts the input 'Authentication Bypass' tag: Oracle's own text describes an authenticated low-privileged attacker, so this is a VPD (Virtual Private Database row-level security) policy bypass, not an authentication bypass - treat the tag as suspect. Real-world priority is genuine for organizations that grant Create Table to semi-trusted or multi-tenant database users, because it undermines VPD as a data-segregation control; it is lower priority where only trusted DBAs hold such privileges. Availability is unaffected (A:N). |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | A low-privileged user (e.g., an application or reporting account) that holds the Create Table privilege connects to the database over Oracle Net and crafts objects/queries that subvert Virtual Private Database row-level security policies. This lets them read, create, delete, or modify data they should be restricted from, exposing or tampering with critical VPD-protected data across the database. No public exploit was identified at the time of analysis. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 20, 2026
Oracle Database Server in versions 19.3-19.32, 21.3-21.23, and 23.4.0-23.26.3 lets an authenticated low-privileged user who holds the Create Table privilege subvert the Virtual Private Database (VPD) row-level security feature over Oracle Net, gaining unauthorized read, creation, modification, and deletion access to data those VPD policies are supposed to protect. Successful exploitation yields high confidentiality and integrity impact (CVSS 3.1 base 8.1, AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N) with no user interaction required; the attacker must already have a valid database account and network reachability to the database listener. No public exploit code and no confirmed active exploitation were identified at time of analysis, and no EPSS score was supplied in the source data, so the practical risk is concentrated in environments where low-privilege accounts are routinely granted Create Table.
RemediationAI
Apply the Oracle Critical Patch Update for October 2026 (https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2026.html), which is the vendor's patch vehicle for this VPD defect; the specific post-patch build numbers per release line are not included in the supplied data and must be read from that advisory before scheduling, so treat this as patch available per vendor advisory rather than a confirmed fix version. Because exploitation is authenticated and gated on Create Table, the highest-value compensating control is to audit and revoke CREATE TABLE from application and reporting accounts that do not need it (grant it only to trusted schema owners or via definer-rights procedures) - the trade-off is that ad-hoc DDL by developers or ETL jobs will break and must be redirected through controlled deployment accounts. In parallel, restrict Oracle Net reachability with listener ACLs, sqlnet.ora tcp.invited_nodes/tcp.excluded_nodes, and network firewall rules so only application tiers can open sessions; this adds configuration overhead and can lock out legitimate clients if allowlists are incomplete. Oracle Database Vault can be used to contain the Create Table privilege and block unauthorized object creation in protected realms, at the cost of additional licensing and a policy-design effort. Until patched, monitor for unexpected object creation in schemas that interact with VPD-protected tables and for queries that return rows outside a session's expected policy scope.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
Oracle Virtual Private Database (VPD), also marketed as Fine-Grained Access Control, enforces row-level security by dynamically attaching predicates to SQL statements that touch policy-protected tables, views, and synonyms, so the database rewrites queries rather than relying on application logic. This issue is a flaw inside the VPD component itself: an attacker operating with only the Create Table privilege can create schema objects that interfere with how VPD policies are resolved or applied, allowing the policy predicate to be bypassed and the underlying rows to be read or changed. The attack is delivered over Oracle Net (SQL*Net/TNS) to the database listener, meaning it is reachable from any host that can open a database session, and attack complexity is low once credentials exist. No CWE identifier was supplied in the source data, so the root-cause class cannot be mapped to a specific weakness family from the input; the authoritative characterization is the Oracle-published CVSS vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N, which fixes the scope as unchanged and limits the impact to confidentiality and integrity (no availability effect). Exposure is only meaningful in deployments that actually rely on VPD policies for data isolation; a database with no VPD policies in place would not see this specific security boundary crossed.
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
Network-reachable via Oracle Net (AV:N) with low complexity, but requires an authenticated account with Create Table privilege (PR:L); high confidentiality and integrity impact, no availability effect.
Primary rating from Vendor (oracle).
CVSS VectorVendor: oracle
DescriptionCVE.org
Vulnerability in the VPD component of Oracle Database Server. Supported versions that are affected are 19.3-19.32, 21.3-21.23 and 23.4.0-23.26.3. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker having Create Table privilege with network access via Oracle Net to compromise VPD. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all VPD accessible data as well as unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all VPD accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.1 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N).
Executive ViewAI
A high-severity flaw in Oracle Database Server versions 19.3-19.32, 21.3-21.23, and 23.4.0-23.26.3 can let an authenticated low-privilege account with Create Table privilege undermine the row-level access controls that segregate sensitive information. Leadership should care because this creates potential unauthorized access to and alteration of regulated or customer data, with compliance, insider-risk, and trust implications for any application relying on Virtual Private Database protections.
No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis; interim mitigations include removing or tightly restricting Create Table from low-privilege accounts, enforcing least privilege and periodic privilege recertification, limiting network access to the Oracle listener, enabling comprehensive auditing and alerting for VPD policy changes and anomalous DML, reviewing VPD-protected data for unauthorized access or modification, and using Oracle Database Vault or equivalent separation-of-duty controls where available.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.
EUVD-2026-106746
GHSA-523r-r9q7-vcr2
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Exploit-DB