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Participants Database EUVDEUVD-2026-105222

| CVE-2026-112861 MEDIUM
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key (CWE-639)
2026-10-20 Patchstack GHSA-xc42-rp7w-hx85
6.3
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: Patchstack
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Authenticate as low-privileged user
  2. Delivery
    Identify record ID parameter
  3. Exploit
    Tamper user-controlled key value
  4. Execution
    Access other participants' records
  5. Impact
    Disclose or modify participant data

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Object-level authorization, IDOR prevention
Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires an authenticated account on the WordPress site (CVSS PR:L), so the attacker must be a registered user - this is most relevant on installations of Participants Database that permit untrusted or self-service user registration. The core condition is the plugin's reliance on a user-controlled key (record identifier) without enforcing proper access-control levels, per CWE-639; where the plugin is correctly configured with strict access controls the issue is described as arising from 'Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels,' so hardened/non-default access-level configurations limit exposure. No user interaction is needed (UI:N) and the attack is remote over the network (AV:N), but impact is limited to LOW across confidentiality, integrity, and availability, bounding the realistic damage to participant-record data rather than full site compromise.

Impact

This is a moderate-severity (CVSS 6.3) authorization flaw (IDOR, CWE-639) in the Participants Database WordPress plugin, reported by Patchstack. The CVSS vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L indicates a network-exploitable, low-complexity attack requiring low-level authenticated privileges (PR:L) with no user interaction, yielding limited confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. No EPSS score, CISA KEV listing, or public POC was provided in the input, so there is no signal of active or widespread exploitation - this appears to be a vendor/researcher-disclosed issue rather than an urgent in-the-wild threat. The combination of required authentication (PR:L) and only LOW impact across C/I/A makes this a realistic but not emergency priority: it should be patched in routine cycles, especially on sites that allow untrusted user registration, but it does not rise to the drop-everything level of an unauthenticated RCE. Note the Tags label this 'Authentication Bypass' while the CWE (639) and reference title describe Insecure Direct Object Reference / authorization bypass - these are distinct and the authorization-bypass characterization is the accurate one.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A low-privileged authenticated user (e.g., a registered site member or subscriber) manipulates a user-controlled identifier - such as a record ID in a request parameter - to access or modify participant records belonging to other users that they should not be authorized to reach. Because the plugin relies on a user-supplied key without properly enforcing access-control levels, the attacker reads or alters other participants' data over the network with low complexity and no user interaction. No public exploit code was identified at time of analysis.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 20, 2026

Participants Database, a WordPress plugin by xnau webdesign, is affected through version 2.7.8.5 by an insecure direct object reference (CWE-639) that lets an authenticated low-privilege user manipulate a user-controlled record key to bypass intended access-control checks and read or alter participant records. The issue is remote with no user interaction required, but impact is limited to low confidentiality, integrity, and availability; no public exploit code or confirmed active exploitation was identified at time of analysis. Risk is greatest on WordPress sites that allow self-service registration or run permissive/default access-level settings for the plugin.

RemediationAI

No vendor-released patch with a specific fixed version is identified in the provided data; update Participants Database to a release later than 2.7.8.5 once the vendor publishes one, and verify the fix against the Patchstack advisory. Until an update is available, disable public or self-service registration so only trusted accounts can reach the plugin (this reduces the PR:L exposure but may break membership or sign-up workflows), review the plugin's access-level settings and restrict participant-record management to the least-privileged roles necessary, and monitor for unusual record enumeration or modification. As compensating controls, restrict access to WordPress administrative and plugin endpoints through a WAF or IP allowlist, accepting that these controls can block legitimate remote users, and consider temporarily disabling nonessential participant-record front-end features if they expose user-controlled record identifiers.

Affected VersionsENISA

Participants Database 0 ≤2.7.8.5

Affected Packages

euvd participants_database no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

Participants Database is a WordPress plugin used to manage participant and membership records. The root cause is CWE-639, Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key, commonly called an IDOR: the plugin accepts a key supplied by the request to identify a participant record but does not adequately verify that the current user is authorized to access or modify that record. Patchstack describes the issue as arising from incorrectly configured access-control security levels, so sites with strict, non-default access-level configuration have reduced exposure. The CVSS vector is AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L, meaning an authenticated low-privilege account is required, no user interaction is needed, and the attack is remote but bounded to low impact across confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The CPE string uses a wildcard product entry for xnau_webdesign:participants_database, so version-specific confirmation should come from the vendor advisory.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (Patchstack) PRIMARY 6.3 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
vuln.today AI 6.3 MEDIUM

Remote IDOR requiring an authenticated low-privilege account (PR:L), no interaction, with limited read/write to participant records, so LOW C/I/A and unchanged scope.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (Patchstack).

CVSS VectorVendor: Patchstack

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
Low
Availability
Low

DescriptionCVE.org

Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in xnau webdesign Participants Database participants-database allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Participants Database: from n/a through 2.7.8.5.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 88% exploitable
Prevalence
Medium
moderately popular WordPress participant-management plugin, not ubiquitous
Social Media
1
Sightings
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium

Priority Score

32
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +32
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

CVE-2026-13596 CRITICAL POC
9.1 Aug 01

SQL injection in the Participants Database WordPress plugin before 2.7.8.4 lets remote unauthenticated attackers inject

CVE-2014-3961 HIGH POC
7.5 Jun 04

SQL injection vulnerability in the Export CSV page in the Participants Database plugin before 1.5.4.9 for WordPress allo

CVE-2017-14126 MEDIUM POC
6.1 Sep 04

The Participants Database plugin before 1.7.5.10 for WordPress has XSS. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.1), this vulnerabi

CVE-2026-59555 CRITICAL
10.0 Jul 23

Arbitrary file deletion in the Participants Database WordPress plugin (versions <= 2.7.8.3) lets remote, unauthenticated

CVE-2026-112862 CRITICAL
9.8 Oct 23

PHP object injection (CWE-502 deserialization of untrusted data) in xnau webdesign's Participants Database plugin for Wo

CVE-2026-112860 CRITICAL
9.3 Oct 23

Blind SQL injection in the WordPress plugin Participants Database (xnau webdesign), affecting versions through 2.7.8.5,

CVE-2026-59525 CRITICAL
9.3 Jul 23

Unauthenticated SQL injection in the Participants Database WordPress plugin (versions <= 2.7.8.3) lets remote attackers

CVE-2020-8596 HIGH
7.5 Feb 11

participants-database.php in the Participants Database plugin 1.9.5.5 and previous versions for WordPress has a time-bas

CVE-2026-28189 HIGH
7.4 Aug 13

Arbitrary file deletion in the Participants Database WordPress plugin (versions <= 2.7.8.4) allows remote unauthenticate

CVE-2023-31235 MEDIUM
5.4 Nov 09

A vulnerability in xnau webdesign Participants Database participants-database.4.9. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.4), thi

CVE-2026-11354 MEDIUM
5.3 Jul 24

Unauthenticated record takeover in the Participants Database WordPress plugin (all versions ≤ 2.7.8.3) allows any remote

CVE-2023-48751 MEDIUM
4.3 Dec 19

Missing Authorization, Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Roland Barker, xnau webdesign Participants Dat

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