Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessAuthenticate with Dept/Self-scoped account
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DeliveryEnumerate out-of-scope user/org ids
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ExploitCall UserService/OrgService by-id endpoint
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ExecutionBypass DataScope filter check
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ImpactRead, modify, disable or delete cross-dept users
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Object-level authorization, IDOR prevention
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| Exploitation Conditions | Requires an authenticated account that holds user-module or organization-module permissions configured with a Dept or Self DataScope; the attacker then supplies out-of-scope record ids to the UserService/OrgService by-id methods (e.g. get, update, disable, delete). Exploitation is LIMITED by the need for valid credentials with those specific module permissions - it is not remote-unauthenticated - but is otherwise network-reachable, needs no user interaction, and works against default DataScope-restricted configurations because the by-id code path omits the scope check. Severity in practice depends on how freely Dept/Self-scoped user/org management rights are granted to lower-trust accounts. |
| Impact | This is a CWE-639 authorization bypass (IDOR) rated CVSS:4.0 5.3 (Medium). The provided 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L) indicates a network-reachable, low-complexity attack that nonetheless REQUIRES authentication (PR:L) - specifically an account already holding user or organization module permissions scoped to Dept or Self. The impact is uniformly Low across confidentiality, integrity, and availability because the abuse is confined to user/org records within the application rather than full system compromise. No EPSS score was provided, the CVE is NOT listed in CISA KEV, and no POC/exploit-code flag was supplied, so exploitation status is 'no public exploit identified at time of analysis' - though a detailed third-party technical write-up (hackmd) and exact vulnerable source lines are public, which materially lowers the barrier to developing an exploit. On balance this is a real but bounded privilege-escalation / horizontal-access issue for organizations running zhontai Admin.Core, not a mass-exploitation emergency: it needs a valid low-privilege insider or compromised scoped account, and the affected product has a niche footprint. Treat as a medium-priority patch, higher if the deployment grants Dept/Self-scoped accounts to semi-trusted users. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | A low-privileged user whose account is restricted to a Dept or Self DataScope, but who holds user- or organization-module permissions, enumerates record ids belonging to other departments and calls the UserService/OrgService by-id endpoints with those out-of-scope ids. Because the DataScope filter is not enforced on the by-id path, the attacker can read, modify, disable, or delete users outside their authorized department. No public exploit code is identified, but a public write-up pinpoints the exact vulnerable methods. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 15, 2026
Authorization bypass (IDOR, CWE-639) in zhontai Admin.Core through 10.1.0 allows any authenticated user who holds user- or organization-module permissions configured with a Dept or Self DataScope to read, modify, disable, and delete users and organizations belonging to other departments by simply supplying out-of-scope record ids to the UserService and OrgService by-id methods. Exploitation requires valid credentials with those specific module permissions (CVSS:4.0 5.3 Medium; assessed CVSS:3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L), so it is network-reachable but not unauthenticated, and it needs no user interaction. Exploitation is confirmed to work against otherwise default DataScope-restricted configurations because the by-id code path omits the scope check; no public exploit code was identified at time of analysis and there is no CISA KEV listing or vendor patch version identified in the available data.
RemediationAI
No vendor-released patch or fixed version was identified in the available data at time of analysis - the references point to the vulnerable v10.1.0 source tree, not to a fix - so the priority is to apply the authorization check yourself or wait for and then upgrade to a vendor release that adds DataScope validation to the by-id code paths in UserService.cs and OrgService.cs, tracking the VulnCheck advisory (https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/zhontai-admin-core-through-10.1.0-authorization-bypass-via-user-and-organization-by-id-endpoints) for a fixed version rather than assuming any specific number. Until then, add the missing scope predicate to every by-id read/update/disable/delete method (resolve the caller's DataScope and confirm the target record's department or owner matches before performing the operation), ideally by enforcing it centrally in a repository/query filter or an authorization filter so new by-id endpoints inherit it - the trade-off is that an incorrect predicate can break legitimate cross-department admin workflows and must be regression-tested. As a compensating control, audit and tighten role assignments so that Dept- or Self-scoped user and organization module permissions are granted only to trusted accounts, since this bypass is only reachable by authenticated principals holding those permissions; restrict or drop Custom/All-scoped management rights where they are not required. Where practical, front the API with a gateway that logs and rate-limits calls to the affected service endpoints and alert on by-id requests whose target id falls outside the caller's department, accepting that this detects rather than prevents abuse. Note that the flaw is in application-level authorization, so network controls and WAF rules provide limited protection and disabling the affected endpoints entirely will remove legitimate user/org management functionality.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
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Technical ContextAI · show details
Admin.Core is a .NET/C
admin framework whose zhontai.Admin module implements a DataScope row-level permission model, where access to data rows is intended to be limited to Self, Dept (department), or broader scopes. CWE-639 (Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key) describes the root cause: the by-id service methods in UserService and OrgService accept a caller-supplied record id and perform the read/update/disable/delete operation without re-validating that the target record falls inside the caller's configured DataScope. The referenced source locations - UserService.cs lines 118-144, 595-636, 887-900, and 977-1000, plus OrgService.cs lines 64-68 in the v10.1.0 tag - mark the specific methods where the scope filter is absent, while list/query paths presumably apply it. The affected artifact is CPE cpe:2.3:a:zhontai:admin.core:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*, i.e. all releases through 10.1.0. Because the flaw is a missing authorization check rather than a memory-safety or injection issue, impact is bounded to data reachable through those authenticated service endpoints, consistent with the assessed Low confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Network API reachable at low complexity but needs an authenticated Dept/Self-scoped account (PR:L); impact limited to user/org records, so C/I/A each Low and scope unchanged.
Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).
CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck
DescriptionCVE.org
zhontai Admin.Core through 10.1.0 contains an authorization bypass vulnerability that allows authenticated users to ignore department DataScope restrictions by supplying out-of-scope record ids. Attackers holding user or organization module permissions with Dept or Self scope can call UserService and OrgService by-id methods to read, modify, disable, and delete users in other departments.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.
EUVD-2026-102499
GHSA-mq9g-xvh8-gxg3
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
Exploit-DB