Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessObtain code execution in classic non-VNET jail
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DeliveryCraft IPv6 UDP datagram to loopback (::1)
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ExploitJail policy fails to rewrite destination
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ExecutionDatagram reaches host loopback-bound service
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ImpactBypass jail network isolation and interact with trusted daemon
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A07:2025 - Authentication Failures
ASVS 5.0
V12 - Secure Communication Destination channel verification
|
| Exploitation Conditions | Requires an attacker-controlled process already executing inside a classic (non-VNET) FreeBSD jail on the host; IPv6 must be in use; and a target host service must be listening on the host's IPv6 loopback address (::1). Exploitation is specific to the IPv6 UDP send path for unconnected sockets. Limiting factors: VNET jails are NOT affected (only classic/legacy jails), the attacker needs an existing in-jail foothold rather than pure external network access, and impact is bounded to whatever services are bound to host IPv6 loopback - there is no exposure where hosts run only VNET jails, lack IPv6, or bind no sensitive loopback services. |
| Impact | Signals conflict and must be read together. The input CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N) scores 7.5 and implies remote, unauthenticated network exploitation, but the description makes clear the attacker must already be an executing process inside a classic (non-VNET) FreeBSD jail - i.e., local access with some foothold is required, NOT anonymous internet-facing exploitation. This is a material discrepancy: CVSS AV:N/PR:N overstates reachability versus the description, which implies local/in-jail prerequisites - verify scoping against the FreeBSD advisory. Exploitation-probability signals are uniformly low: EPSS is 0.19% (8th percentile), the CVE is not on CISA KEV, and no public exploit code was identified in the provided sources, so there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis. The impact profile (C:N/I:H/A:N) reflects that the flaw lets a jailed process reach host loopback-bound services it should be isolated from, enabling interaction with/manipulation of those services rather than data theft or denial of service. Net assessment: this is a defense-in-depth jail-containment weakness relevant to multi-tenant FreeBSD hosts, not a widespread remotely-wormable priority. It warrants patching on hosts that run untrusted workloads in classic jails, but the headline 7.5 overstates real-world urgency given the in-jail prerequisite, absent exploitation signals, and narrow configuration dependency. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker who has already compromised or legitimately controls a process inside a classic (non-VNET) FreeBSD jail on a multi-tenant host crafts IPv6 UDP datagrams addressed to the loopback address. Because the jail policy fails to rewrite the loopback destination to the jail's primary IPv6 address on the unconnected-socket send path, the datagrams reach host services bound to ::1 that were meant to be isolated, letting the jailed tenant interact with trusted localhost-only daemons. No public exploit code was identified, and exploitation presupposes an existing foothold inside the jail. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 16, 2026
FreeBSD classic (non-VNET) jails can bypass jail network isolation because the IPv6 UDP send path for unconnected sockets fails to rewrite a loopback destination to the jail’s primary IPv6 address, allowing an in-jail process to send datagrams to host services listening on ::1. The assessed vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N) requires an existing low-privileged process inside a classic jail, IPv6 enabled on the host, and a target service bound to the host’s IPv6 loopback; VNET jails are unaffected and there is no exposure if these conditions are absent. The provided NVD-style vector (AV:N/PR:N) overstates reachability, and no public exploit was identified at time of analysis; EPSS is low (0.19%, 8th percentile).
RemediationAI
Vendor-released patches are available: upgrade to FreeBSD 15.0-RELEASE-p14, 14.4-RELEASE-p10, 15.1-RELEASE-p4, or 14.5-RELEASE-p1 (or later) as detailed in FreeBSD-SA-26:69.udp.asc. If immediate patching is not possible, migrate classic jails to VNET jails, which apply full network-stack isolation and are not vulnerable; this is the most robust compensating control but requires jail configuration changes and may introduce operational overhead. Alternatively, disable IPv6 on hosts that do not need it (side effect: breaks any legitimate IPv6 services) or ensure no sensitive UDP services bind to the host’s IPv6 loopback (::1) when classic jails are in use - note that this can break local health checks or monitoring that rely on loopback. Firewall rules that block UDP traffic from jails to ::1 can be used as a stopgap, but must be tested to avoid disrupting authorized local traffic. The advisory URL is https://security.freebsd.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-26:69.udp.asc.
Affected VersionsENISA
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Technical ContextAI · show details
CWE-941 (Incorrectly Specified Destination in a Communication Channel) describes the root cause: FreeBSD’s jail network policy normally rewrites loopback destination addresses to the jail’s own primary address so jailed processes cannot reach host-local services. That rewrite was omitted from the IPv6 UDP transmit path when the socket is unconnected (no prior connect()), so a jailed process can set a destination of ::1 and have the kernel deliver the datagram to the host’s loopback listener. The flaw is specific to classic (legacy) jails; VNET jails implement a separate network stack and are not affected. Affected releases are FreeBSD 14.4-RELEASE before 14.4-RELEASE-p10, 14.5-RELEASE before 14.5-RELEASE-p1, 15.0-RELEASE before 15.0-RELEASE-p14, and 15.1-RELEASE before 15.1-RELEASE-p4, per the FreeBSD advisory and EUVD mapping. The NVD-style vector (AV:N/PR:N) overstates reachability; the authoritative assessment places the attacker inside the jail and bounds impact to integrity of whatever UDP services are bound to host IPv6 loopback.
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Attacker must run a process inside the jail (AV:L/PR:L); crossing the jail-to-host isolation boundary is a scope change (S:C); impact is interaction with host loopback services (I:L, no confidentiality/availability loss).
Primary rating from Vendor (freebsd).
CVSS VectorVendor: freebsd
Lifecycle Timeline
3DescriptionCVE.org
The IPv6 UDP send path for unconnected sockets did not apply the jail policy of rewriting a loopback destination address to the jail's primary IPv6 address.
A process in a classic (non-VNET) jail can send UDP datagrams to services listening on the host's IPv6 loopback address, bypassing jail network isolation.
Executive ViewAI
FreeBSD classic (non-VNET) jails contain a network isolation bypass that allows a low-privileged process inside a jail to send UDP datagrams to host services listening on the IPv6 loopback address (::1). Organizations using classic jails with IPv6 enabled and services bound to ::1 are affected, potentially undermining jail isolation and exposing host services to unauthorized access. Although no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the assessed impact is limited to integrity, leadership should prioritize mitigating this high-severity vulnerability due to the security boundary bypass.
Disable IPv6 on hosts running classic jails if not required; migrate classic jails to VNET jails; restrict services bound to ::1 to only those absolutely necessary and ensure they are not accessible from jails; implement firewall rules to block UDP traffic from jail IPs to the host's IPv6 loopback; monitor for anomalous UDP traffic to ::1 from jails.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
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EUVD-2026-101874
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
VulDB
GitHub PoC
Exploit-DB