EUVD-2025-28714Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessAuthenticate to web interface
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DeliveryAccess /boa/formWSC
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ExploitInject command in targetAPSsid
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ExecutionExecute arbitrary OS commands
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PersistGain root access
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ImpactCompromise device
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Command injection prevention
MITRE ATT&CK
1 technique across 1 tactic: Execution The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Requires administrative access to the router's web interface (PR:H). The attacker must be able to reach the /boa/formWSC endpoint over the network (AV:N). No user interaction is needed (UI:N). The vulnerability is present in the default configuration of firmware version 3.4.0-B20190525. |
| Impact | CVSS 4.0 base score is 2.0 (Low) with vector AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N, indicating high privileges required but low impact. However, the EPSS score of 1.65% (82nd percentile) suggests moderate exploitation probability. Public exploit code exists, but no CISA KEV listing. The high privilege requirement (PR:H) significantly reduces real-world risk, as an attacker would need administrative access to the router's web interface. The CVSS score may understate the potential impact if an attacker can chain this with other vulnerabilities to escalate privileges. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker with administrative credentials to the TOTOLINK N150RT web interface sends a crafted HTTP request to /boa/formWSC with a malicious targetAPSsid parameter containing command injection payloads. This results in arbitrary command execution on the router with root privileges, allowing the attacker to modify settings, exfiltrate data, or use the device as a pivot point. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv2 – Jul 26, 2026
OS command injection in TOTOLINK N150RT firmware 3.4.0-B20190525 allows remote authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary commands via the targetAPSsid parameter in /boa/formWSC. Public exploit code is available, and EPSS score of 1.65% (82nd percentile) indicates moderate exploitation likelihood, though no active exploitation in CISA KEV has been reported.
Earlier versions of this analysis (1)
RemediationAI
No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. As a workaround, restrict access to the router's web interface to trusted networks only, disable remote management if not required, and monitor logs for suspicious activity. Consider replacing the device if no firmware update becomes available.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
The vulnerability resides in the /boa/formWSC endpoint of the TOTOLINK N150RT router's web interface. The 'targetAPSsid' parameter is passed to a system command without proper sanitization, leading to OS command injection (CWE-77). The affected product is a consumer-grade router running firmware version 3.4.0-B20190525, identified by CPE cpe:2.3:o:totolink:n150rt_firmware:3.4.0-b20190525:*:*:*:*:*:*:*.
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- Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
PR:H due to admin access required; low impact on confidentiality, integrity, availability.
Primary rating from NVD.
CVSS VectorNVD
Lifecycle Timeline
5DescriptionCVE.org
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in TOTOLINK N150RT 3.4.0-B20190525. This affects an unknown part of the file /boa/formWSC. The manipulation of the argument targetAPSsid leads to os command injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
Executive ViewAI
Organizations using A vulnerability classified as critical should be aware of moderate risk from CVE-2025-6299, a command injection vulnerability rated CVSS 4.7. Exploitation could allow attackers to execute code or inject malicious input. Proof-of-concept code is publicly available. Organizations should apply vendor updates when available and monitor for exploitation.
Apply vendor patch. If patching is delayed: deploy WAF rules, restrict network access, enable logging.
Threat Intelligence Overview
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
VulDB
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
OS command injection occurs when an application passes unsanitized user input directly into system shell commands.
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GitHub PoC
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