EUVD-2025-19059Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Primary rating from GitHub Advisory · only source for this CVE.
CVSS VectorGitHub Advisory
Lifecycle Timeline
4DescriptionGitHub Advisory
ESF-IDF is the Espressif Internet of Things (IOT) Development Framework. An integer underflow vulnerability has been identified in the ESP-NOW protocol implementation within the ESP Wi-Fi component of versions 5.4.1, 5.3.3, 5.2.5, and 5.1.6 of the ESP-IDF framework. This issue stems from insufficient validation of user-supplied data length in the packet receive function. Under certain conditions, this may lead to out-of-bounds memory access and may allow arbitrary memory write operations. On systems without a memory protection scheme, this behavior could potentially be used to achieve remote code execution (RCE) on the target device. In versions 5.4.2, 5.3.4, 5.2.6, and 5.1.6, ESP-NOW has added more comprehensive validation logic on user-supplied data length during packet reception to prevent integer underflow caused by negative value calculations. For ESP-IDF v5.3 and earlier, a workaround can be applied by validating that the data_len parameter received in the RX callback (registered via esp_now_register_recv_cb()) is a positive value before further processing. For ESP-IDF v5.4 and later, no application-level workaround is available. Users are advised to upgrade to a patched version of ESP-IDF to take advantage of the built-in mitigation.
AnalysisAI
A security vulnerability in the ESP-NOW protocol implementation within the ESP Wi-Fi component of (CVSS 9.8). Critical severity with potential for significant impact on affected systems. Vendor patch is available.
Technical ContextAI
CWE-191 (Integer Underflow). CVSS 9.8 indicates critical severity with likely remote exploitation vector. Affects the ESP-NOW protocol implementation within the ESP Wi-Fi component of.
RemediationAI
Apply the vendor-supplied patch immediately.
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Same weakness CWE-191 – Integer Underflow
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External POC / Exploit Code
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