EUVD-2025-18227
CVSS Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Lifecycle Timeline
3Description
Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Visual Studio allows an authorized attacker to execute code over a network.
Analysis
Command injection vulnerability in Visual Studio that allows an authenticated attacker with local user interaction to execute arbitrary code over a network with high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. While the vulnerability requires prior authorization and user interaction, successful exploitation could lead to complete system compromise. No public indication of active exploitation or widespread POC availability is currently documented, but the CVSS 7.1 score reflects significant risk in collaborative development environments where multiple authorized users access shared Visual Studio instances.
Technical Context
This vulnerability exists in Visual Studio's command processing mechanisms, likely within build system integration, debugging interfaces, or extension handling where user-supplied input is insufficiently sanitized before being passed to system command interpreters. CWE-77 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command) indicates the root cause is inadequate input validation/encoding before command construction—a classic command injection flaw where special shell metacharacters (pipes, semicolons, backticks, command substitution operators) are not properly escaped. The vulnerability affects Visual Studio 2019, 2022, and potentially related Microsoft development tools that process build configurations, debugging parameters, or project file attributes. The network attack vector suggests the injection point may involve remote debugging, build pipeline integrations, or project file parsing from network sources rather than purely local file system operations.
Affected Products
Visual Studio (version specifics require Microsoft security advisory correlation, but typically includes): Visual Studio 2022 (all editions: Community, Professional, Enterprise), Visual Studio 2019 (all editions), and potentially Visual Studio Code if server components are involved. Affected CPE patterns likely include: cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:visual_studio:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* (specific versions bounded by vendor advisory). Related products potentially affected: Visual Studio Build Tools, Visual Studio Team Explorer, and any Microsoft development tools using shared command-processing libraries. Consult official Microsoft Security Update Guide and Visual Studio release notes for exact version boundaries and SKU applicability.
Remediation
Immediate actions: (1) Apply Microsoft security patches for Visual Studio released concurrently with CVE-2025-47959 disclosure—check Microsoft Update, Windows Update, or Visual Studio Installer for available updates; (2) For projects using untrusted build configurations or remote debugging: disable network-accessible debug endpoints, enforce code review on .sln/.vcxproj/.csproj files before opening in Visual Studio, and restrict project file sources to trusted repositories; (3) Operational mitigations: enforce least-privilege user accounts for development, isolate development machines from production networks, monitor Visual Studio process execution for anomalous command spawning. Workarounds pending patch availability: avoid opening project files from untrusted sources, disable C++ IntelliSense indexing if implicated, restrict debugging to local connections only. Link to Microsoft Security Update Guide for specific KB articles and patched versions once available.
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External POC / Exploit Code
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