Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Authorization logic validation
MITRE ATT&CK
1 technique across 1 tactic: Privilege Escalation The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Impact | The CVSS v3.1 score of 8.8 reflects high severity: Network-accessible (AV:N), low attack complexity (AC:L), no privilege requirements (PR:N), but requires user interaction (UI:R). The UI:R requirement suggests an attacker must trick a user into clicking a malicious link or visiting a crafted page, slightly reducing real-world exploitability compared to pure unauthenticated RCE. However, the High impact ratings for confidentiality (payment data exposure), integrity (transaction manipulation), and availability (service disruption) indicate severe business consequences. Without explicit KEV or EPSS data provided, the risk assessment relies on the vector analysis: this is a legitimate critical vulnerability affecting financial transactions. The lack of authentication requirement combined with payment processing functionality creates substantial real-world risk, particularly for e-commerce sites processing real transactions. Organizations using affected versions should prioritize patching given the payment-processing context and demonstrated authorization flaw. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker crafts a malicious URL or email containing a specially crafted payment redirect link that bypasses authorization checks in the Eurobank callback handler. A victim (e-commerce customer or site administrator) clicks the link while authenticated to the Drupal site. The vulnerability allows the attacker to: (1) view sensitive payment/transaction data they should not access; (2) modify transaction parameters (e.g., amount, recipient); or (3) complete unauthorized payment transactions. Because the vulnerability requires UI interaction but no attacker authentication, a realistic attack involves phishing emails with links like 'Complete your payment' or social engineering victims to click malicious redirect URLs. In a multi-user e-commerce environment, an attacker could exploit this against customer sessions to perform fraudulent transactions or extract PII bundled with payment processing. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Mar 14, 2026
CVE-2025-48445 is an Incorrect Authorization vulnerability (CWE-863) in Drupal Commerce Eurobank (Redirect) payment module versions before 2.1.1 that allows unauthenticated attackers to misuse functionality through a network-based attack requiring user interaction. With a CVSS score of 8.8 and high impact across confidentiality, integrity, and availability, this vulnerability affects payment processing workflows in Drupal e-commerce installations. The vulnerability requires user interaction (UI:R) but no authentication (PR:N), making it exploitable by attackers who can socially engineer victims or intercept redirect flows in payment processing.
RemediationAI
- action: Immediate Patch; details: Upgrade Drupal Commerce Eurobank (Redirect) module to version 2.1.1 or later. This is the definitive fix for CVE-2025-48445.
- action: Update Process; details: Via Drupal admin interface: Navigate to Extend > Manage > Update, or use Drush: drush pm:update drupal:commerce_eurobank_redirect
- action: Verification; details: After patching, verify installed version is 2.1.1+. Check active payment transactions for anomalies or unauthorized modifications during the vulnerability window.
- action: Interim Mitigation (if patching delayed); details: Restrict payment processing to authenticated users only; disable Eurobank redirect payment method temporarily if alternative gateways are available; implement WAF rules to block suspicious redirect patterns; monitor payment logs for authorization bypass attempts.
- action: Vendor Advisory; details: Consult official Drupal Security Advisories (drupal.org/security) for official patch release notes and additional context specific to your installation.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 2 packages in composer, euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
The vulnerability exists in the Drupal Commerce Eurobank (Redirect) payment gateway module, which integrates Eurobank's redirect-based payment processing into Drupal Commerce platforms. The root cause is classified as CWE-863 (Incorrect Authorization), indicating that the module fails to properly verify user permissions or session authenticity before executing sensitive payment-related functions. The 'Redirect' variant of Eurobank payment processing typically involves off-site redirects to the bank's payment page and subsequent callback/redirect handling, which are common attack vectors for authorization bypass. The authorization check likely fails in the redirect callback mechanism, potentially allowing attackers to manipulate payment transactions, access transaction details, or modify payment parameters without proper authorization validation.
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- Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.
CVSS VectorNVD
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionCVE.org
Incorrect Authorization vulnerability in Drupal Commerce Eurobank (Redirect) allows Functionality Misuse.This issue affects Commerce Eurobank (Redirect): from 0.0.0 before 2.1.1.
Executive ViewAI
A high-severity authorization flaw in Drupal Commerce Eurobank payment module (versions before 2.1.1) could allow attackers to manipulate payment transactions or access unauthorized functionality. Organizations using this module for payment processing face potential financial fraud and payment data exposure risks until remediation is completed.
Disable the Eurobank Redirect payment module temporarily if alternative payment methods are available; implement Web Application Firewall (WAF) rules to restrict unauthorized payment transaction submissions; enforce strict network segmentation isolating payment processing systems; enable enhanced logging and monitoring of payment transactions for anomalous activity; implement IP whitelisting for payment gateway access; require multi-factor authentication for payment configuration changes. Monitor vendor security advisories daily for patch release.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.
EUVD-2025-18125
GHSA-q9h3-r6wr-p3j3
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Exploit-DB