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OAuth 2.0 bearer token compromise in Express Gateway through 1.16.11 is possible when a deployment keeps the default crypto.cipherKey value 'sensitiveKey' and an attacker can read the Redis datastore. The attacker can decrypt stored tokenEncrypted values, combine them with stored token IDs, and obtain valid bearer tokens for any user, causing high confidentiality and integrity impact while availability remains unaffected. This is not remotely exploitable without preconditions: the assessed vector requires high privileges (PR:H), a present attack requirement (AT:P), and high complexity (AC:H), and no public exploit was identified at time of analysis; it is not confirmed actively exploited (CISA KEV).
Session cookie forgery in Punk before 0.18 (a Perl web framework by LNATION) lets remote unauthenticated attackers mint valid session cookies whenever an application declares a session without a secret. Because the cookie reader and write-back both default the HMAC-SHA256 key to an empty string, cookies are signed and verified with a zero-length key, so anyone who knows the cookie format can offline-forge a session carrying any user identifier or role. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and EPSS is low (0.20%, 10th percentile), but the CVSS base score is 9.1 and exploitation is trivial once the misconfiguration exists.
The DTLS server in Erlang/OTP ssl initializes its cookie secret to a hardcoded empty binary on startup, making HMAC-based cookie computation deterministic and fully predictable to any network observer for the 0-to-15-second window before the first secret rotation. Any attacker who can observe a plaintext DTLS ClientHello during this window can forge valid cookies, bypassing the RFC 6347 §4.2.1 source address verification mechanism and enabling handshake amplification attacks with spoofed source IPs. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis; vendor-released patches are available in OTP 29.0.3, 28.5.0.3, and 27.3.4.14.
Weak cryptography in the TDDPv2 debug protocol on TP-Link TL-WR841N v13 routers exposes devices left in default configuration to network-adjacent attackers. DES-CBC encryption - an algorithm deprecated for over a decade - is keyed from the device's default web management credentials, meaning the cryptographic secret is fully predictable without any credential theft. An attacker sharing the same network segment can exploit this to access the debug protocol unauthenticated, exfiltrate debug output, alter device configuration, and force reboots, resulting in integrity loss and denial of service. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and CISA SSVC rates exploitation as none with partial technical impact.
Use of a default cryptographic key in Intel Pentium Processor Silver Series, Celeron Processor J Series, and Celeron Processor N Series hardware allows privilege escalation when a hardware reverse engineer with privileged user access performs a high-complexity physical attack with special internal knowledge. The vulnerability has a CVSS score of 5.8 with physical attack vector (AV:P) and high attack complexity (AC:H), requiring privileged access (PR:H) and special attack time requirements (AT:P). No public exploit code or active CISA KEV designation has been identified.
A vulnerability was detected in rachelos WeRSS we-mp-rss up to 1.4.8. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file core/auth.py of the component JWT Handler. Performing a manipulation of the argument SECRET_KEY results in use of default cryptographic key. The attack can be initiated remotely. The attack is considered to have high complexity. The exploitability is assessed as difficult...
Fortinet FortiOS versions up to 7.6.6 contains a vulnerability that allows attackers to decrypt LDAP credentials stored in device configuration files, as exploited in t (CVSS 3.2).
CVE-2025-41744 is a security vulnerability (CVSS 9.1) that allows an unprivileged remote attacker. Critical severity with potential for significant impact on affected systems.
CVE-2025-41742 is a security vulnerability (CVSS 9.8) that allows the attacker. Critical severity with potential for significant impact on affected systems.
Use of Default Cryptographic Key (CWE-1394). Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.1), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.
OAuth 2.0 bearer token compromise in Express Gateway through 1.16.11 is possible when a deployment keeps the default crypto.cipherKey value 'sensitiveKey' and an attacker can read the Redis datastore. The attacker can decrypt stored tokenEncrypted values, combine them with stored token IDs, and obtain valid bearer tokens for any user, causing high confidentiality and integrity impact while availability remains unaffected. This is not remotely exploitable without preconditions: the assessed vector requires high privileges (PR:H), a present attack requirement (AT:P), and high complexity (AC:H), and no public exploit was identified at time of analysis; it is not confirmed actively exploited (CISA KEV).
Session cookie forgery in Punk before 0.18 (a Perl web framework by LNATION) lets remote unauthenticated attackers mint valid session cookies whenever an application declares a session without a secret. Because the cookie reader and write-back both default the HMAC-SHA256 key to an empty string, cookies are signed and verified with a zero-length key, so anyone who knows the cookie format can offline-forge a session carrying any user identifier or role. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and EPSS is low (0.20%, 10th percentile), but the CVSS base score is 9.1 and exploitation is trivial once the misconfiguration exists.
The DTLS server in Erlang/OTP ssl initializes its cookie secret to a hardcoded empty binary on startup, making HMAC-based cookie computation deterministic and fully predictable to any network observer for the 0-to-15-second window before the first secret rotation. Any attacker who can observe a plaintext DTLS ClientHello during this window can forge valid cookies, bypassing the RFC 6347 §4.2.1 source address verification mechanism and enabling handshake amplification attacks with spoofed source IPs. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis; vendor-released patches are available in OTP 29.0.3, 28.5.0.3, and 27.3.4.14.
Weak cryptography in the TDDPv2 debug protocol on TP-Link TL-WR841N v13 routers exposes devices left in default configuration to network-adjacent attackers. DES-CBC encryption - an algorithm deprecated for over a decade - is keyed from the device's default web management credentials, meaning the cryptographic secret is fully predictable without any credential theft. An attacker sharing the same network segment can exploit this to access the debug protocol unauthenticated, exfiltrate debug output, alter device configuration, and force reboots, resulting in integrity loss and denial of service. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and CISA SSVC rates exploitation as none with partial technical impact.
Use of a default cryptographic key in Intel Pentium Processor Silver Series, Celeron Processor J Series, and Celeron Processor N Series hardware allows privilege escalation when a hardware reverse engineer with privileged user access performs a high-complexity physical attack with special internal knowledge. The vulnerability has a CVSS score of 5.8 with physical attack vector (AV:P) and high attack complexity (AC:H), requiring privileged access (PR:H) and special attack time requirements (AT:P). No public exploit code or active CISA KEV designation has been identified.
A vulnerability was detected in rachelos WeRSS we-mp-rss up to 1.4.8. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file core/auth.py of the component JWT Handler. Performing a manipulation of the argument SECRET_KEY results in use of default cryptographic key. The attack can be initiated remotely. The attack is considered to have high complexity. The exploitability is assessed as difficult...
Fortinet FortiOS versions up to 7.6.6 contains a vulnerability that allows attackers to decrypt LDAP credentials stored in device configuration files, as exploited in t (CVSS 3.2).
CVE-2025-41744 is a security vulnerability (CVSS 9.1) that allows an unprivileged remote attacker. Critical severity with potential for significant impact on affected systems.
CVE-2025-41742 is a security vulnerability (CVSS 9.8) that allows the attacker. Critical severity with potential for significant impact on affected systems.
Use of Default Cryptographic Key (CWE-1394). Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.1), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. No vendor patch available.