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CWE-116

Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output

261 CVEs Avg CVSS 6.5 MITRE
36
CRITICAL
64
HIGH
135
MEDIUM
26
LOW
60
POC
1
KEV

Monthly

CVE-2026-82681 LOW PATCH Monitor

AshAdmin's Table, DataTable, and Show LiveView components constructed row-action URLs via raw Elixir string interpolation, splicing unencoded record primary keys directly into query strings. Attackers who control a record's string primary key - common in Ash applications using slugs or email addresses as identifiers - can craft a key containing query-string metacharacters (e.g., `legitimate-slug&action_type=destroy`) that override URL parameters when an administrator clicks a row-action link, silently redirecting them to an unintended action such as resource destruction. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis; exploitation requires write access to a string-keyed Ash resource and active administrator interaction, affecting ash_admin 0.3.0-rc.0 through 1.3.0.

RCE Ash Admin
NVD GitHub VulDB
CVSS 4.0
2.0
CVE-2026-55859 MEDIUM POC PATCH GHSA This Month

MariaDB Connector/R2DBC prior to 1.4.1 hardcodes UTF-8 for all character encoding and decoding but fails to reject mid-session charset changes announced by the server via the OK-packet session-state-tracking mechanism. A hostile or man-in-the-middle server, or server-side constructs such as stored routines, triggers, or server configuration, can shift character_set_client to a non-UTF-8 encoding after connection initialization, causing the driver and server to interpret identical bytes under different encodings. This produces silent data corruption and a charset-confusion mismatch that can undermine byte-wise quoting and escaping, creating a pathway to SQL injection in applications that rely on driver-level escaping; no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis and the vendor-released patch is available in version 1.4.1.

Information Disclosure Microsoft Mariadb Connector R2Dbc R2Dbc Mariadb
NVD GitHub VulDB
CVSS 3.1
5.9
EPSS
0.2%
CVE-2026-55891 LOW PATCH GHSA Monitor

Reflected JSON injection in PrivateBin v2.0.4 and earlier allows remote unauthenticated attackers to inject arbitrary key/value pairs into JSON-LD API responses served at the /?jsonld= endpoint. PHP's FILTER_SANITIZE_URL passes double-quote characters through unmodified into JSON template construction via str_replace(), breaking out of the JSON string context and reflecting attacker-controlled fields. The vulnerable response path additionally omits X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff while setting Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *, enabling any cross-origin structured-data consumer to read the manipulated output. No public exploit or KEV listing exists, though the advisory includes a dynamically verified proof-of-concept on v2.0.4.

PHP RCE
NVD GitHub
EPSS
0.3%
CVE-2026-82249 LOW PATCH Monitor

Credential hijacking in gitoxide before 0.38.2 allows remote attackers to redirect credential helper lookups to attacker-specified hosts by embedding bare carriage return characters in URLs supplied to gitoxide operations. Because gitoxide fails to sanitize these control characters before constructing credential helper protocol messages, injected fields override the legitimate host value, causing helpers to return stored credentials for a host the attacker controls rather than the intended repository host. No public exploit has been identified and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV; the CVSS 4.0 score of 2.3 reflects the high complexity, attack prerequisites, and user interaction requirements that substantially constrain real-world exploitability.

Code Injection Gitoxide
NVD VulDB GitHub
CVSS 4.0
2.3
EPSS
0.2%
CVE-2026-81522 HIGH PATCH This Week

Namespace injection in the MongoDB C++ Driver (all versions prior to r4.5.1) allows low-privileged users of affected multi-tenant applications to redirect database operations to unintended namespaces. The driver fails to validate caller-supplied database and collection name identifiers against '.' and NUL byte characters, enabling an attacker who can influence those identifiers to access or modify another tenant's data. No public exploit has been identified and the vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a vendor-released patch is available in r4.5.1.

Authentication Bypass C Driver
NVD VulDB GitHub
CVSS 4.0
8.6
EPSS
0.3%
CVE-2026-81685 CRITICAL PATCH Act Now

Output-encoding text injection in jahlives openssl_encrypt before 1.4.9 lets an attacker forge the desktop GUI's irreversible-removal confirmation dialog. By embedding bidirectional-override and line-separator control characters in the recovery-slot identifier of a crafted encrypted file, an attacker can rewrite the warning text a victim sees, tricking them into approving destructive file-removal operations. No public exploit is identified at time of analysis, and the record is not in CISA KEV; the published 9.3 CVSS 4.0 rating appears inflated relative to the spoofing-only mechanism.

Code Injection Openssl Encrypt
NVD GitHub
CVSS 4.0
9.3
EPSS
0.2%
CVE-2026-65085 MEDIUM This Month

Improper output encoding in NVIDIA OpenShell's inference proxy on Linux allows a local low-privileged attacker to cause information disclosure and data tampering across component boundaries. The CVSS scope-change flag (S:C) indicates impact extending beyond the vulnerable component itself, suggesting the inference proxy mediates data between trust zones. No public exploit code exists and this vulnerability has not been confirmed in CISA KEV, but the scope change elevates practical risk above the 5.2 base score suggests.

Nvidia Information Disclosure Openshell
NVD GitHub
CVSS 3.1
5.2
EPSS
0.1%
CVE-2026-55618 PyPI MEDIUM PATCH GHSA This Month

URL extraction bypass in GOVCERT-LU eml_parser prior to version 3.0.2 allows a remote sender to craft phishing emails containing HTML-entity-encoded URLs that evade the library's URL extraction entirely. Security gateways and SOC pipelines relying on eml_parser to produce IOC lists will silently omit these obfuscated links, preventing submission to threat-intelligence feeds, URL reputation services, and sandboxes. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis, but the regression test added in the fix commit provides a clear reproduction template.

Python Authentication Bypass Eml Parser
NVD GitHub
CVSS 3.1
6.5
EPSS
0.3%
CVE-2026-63466 npm MEDIUM POC PATCH GHSA This Month

Process-wide Mustache HTML escaping is permanently disabled in Unleash (all versions prior to 8.0.3) from the first moment any notification addon formats a feature event, allowing an editor-level user who has placed Slack or Teams link syntax in their unrestricted username to inject attacker-controlled hyperlinks into every configured outbound notification channel - including Slack, Microsoft Teams, Datadog, New Relic, and email. The scope change (S:C in CVSS) reflects that the vulnerable assignment in FeatureEventFormatterMd contaminates Mustache rendering across email-service.ts, webhook.ts, datadog.ts, and new-relic.ts for the lifetime of the Node.js process. No active exploitation has been confirmed (not in CISA KEV) and no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.

Code Injection Microsoft Unleash
NVD GitHub
CVSS 3.1
4.1
EPSS
0.2%
CVE-2026-61398 CRITICAL Act Now

Improper output encoding in the Apache CloudStack management UI's Instance Reset Password feature allows injection of unescaped output that can expose sensitive data or manipulate the interface. It affects Apache CloudStack 4.15.1.0 through 4.20.3.0 and 4.21.0.0 through 4.22.1.0, an open-source IaaS cloud orchestration platform. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS exploitation probability is low (0.14%, 4th percentile); vendor-released patches exist in 4.20.3.1 and 4.22.1.1.

Apache Information Disclosure Apache Cloudstack
NVD VulDB
CVSS 3.1
9.1
EPSS
0.1%
CVSS 2.0
LOW PATCH Monitor

AshAdmin's Table, DataTable, and Show LiveView components constructed row-action URLs via raw Elixir string interpolation, splicing unencoded record primary keys directly into query strings. Attackers who control a record's string primary key - common in Ash applications using slugs or email addresses as identifiers - can craft a key containing query-string metacharacters (e.g., `legitimate-slug&action_type=destroy`) that override URL parameters when an administrator clicks a row-action link, silently redirecting them to an unintended action such as resource destruction. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis; exploitation requires write access to a string-keyed Ash resource and active administrator interaction, affecting ash_admin 0.3.0-rc.0 through 1.3.0.

RCE Ash Admin
NVD GitHub VulDB
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.9
MEDIUM POC PATCH This Month

MariaDB Connector/R2DBC prior to 1.4.1 hardcodes UTF-8 for all character encoding and decoding but fails to reject mid-session charset changes announced by the server via the OK-packet session-state-tracking mechanism. A hostile or man-in-the-middle server, or server-side constructs such as stored routines, triggers, or server configuration, can shift character_set_client to a non-UTF-8 encoding after connection initialization, causing the driver and server to interpret identical bytes under different encodings. This produces silent data corruption and a charset-confusion mismatch that can undermine byte-wise quoting and escaping, creating a pathway to SQL injection in applications that rely on driver-level escaping; no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis and the vendor-released patch is available in version 1.4.1.

Information Disclosure Microsoft Mariadb Connector R2Dbc +1
NVD GitHub VulDB
EPSS 0%
LOW PATCH Monitor

Reflected JSON injection in PrivateBin v2.0.4 and earlier allows remote unauthenticated attackers to inject arbitrary key/value pairs into JSON-LD API responses served at the /?jsonld= endpoint. PHP's FILTER_SANITIZE_URL passes double-quote characters through unmodified into JSON template construction via str_replace(), breaking out of the JSON string context and reflecting attacker-controlled fields. The vulnerable response path additionally omits X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff while setting Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *, enabling any cross-origin structured-data consumer to read the manipulated output. No public exploit or KEV listing exists, though the advisory includes a dynamically verified proof-of-concept on v2.0.4.

PHP RCE
NVD GitHub
EPSS 0% CVSS 2.3
LOW PATCH Monitor

Credential hijacking in gitoxide before 0.38.2 allows remote attackers to redirect credential helper lookups to attacker-specified hosts by embedding bare carriage return characters in URLs supplied to gitoxide operations. Because gitoxide fails to sanitize these control characters before constructing credential helper protocol messages, injected fields override the legitimate host value, causing helpers to return stored credentials for a host the attacker controls rather than the intended repository host. No public exploit has been identified and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV; the CVSS 4.0 score of 2.3 reflects the high complexity, attack prerequisites, and user interaction requirements that substantially constrain real-world exploitability.

Code Injection Gitoxide
NVD VulDB GitHub
EPSS 0% CVSS 8.6
HIGH PATCH This Week

Namespace injection in the MongoDB C++ Driver (all versions prior to r4.5.1) allows low-privileged users of affected multi-tenant applications to redirect database operations to unintended namespaces. The driver fails to validate caller-supplied database and collection name identifiers against '.' and NUL byte characters, enabling an attacker who can influence those identifiers to access or modify another tenant's data. No public exploit has been identified and the vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a vendor-released patch is available in r4.5.1.

Authentication Bypass C Driver
NVD VulDB GitHub
EPSS 0% CVSS 9.3
CRITICAL PATCH Act Now

Output-encoding text injection in jahlives openssl_encrypt before 1.4.9 lets an attacker forge the desktop GUI's irreversible-removal confirmation dialog. By embedding bidirectional-override and line-separator control characters in the recovery-slot identifier of a crafted encrypted file, an attacker can rewrite the warning text a victim sees, tricking them into approving destructive file-removal operations. No public exploit is identified at time of analysis, and the record is not in CISA KEV; the published 9.3 CVSS 4.0 rating appears inflated relative to the spoofing-only mechanism.

Code Injection Openssl Encrypt
NVD GitHub
EPSS 0% CVSS 5.2
MEDIUM This Month

Improper output encoding in NVIDIA OpenShell's inference proxy on Linux allows a local low-privileged attacker to cause information disclosure and data tampering across component boundaries. The CVSS scope-change flag (S:C) indicates impact extending beyond the vulnerable component itself, suggesting the inference proxy mediates data between trust zones. No public exploit code exists and this vulnerability has not been confirmed in CISA KEV, but the scope change elevates practical risk above the 5.2 base score suggests.

Nvidia Information Disclosure Openshell
NVD GitHub
EPSS 0% CVSS 6.5
MEDIUM PATCH This Month

URL extraction bypass in GOVCERT-LU eml_parser prior to version 3.0.2 allows a remote sender to craft phishing emails containing HTML-entity-encoded URLs that evade the library's URL extraction entirely. Security gateways and SOC pipelines relying on eml_parser to produce IOC lists will silently omit these obfuscated links, preventing submission to threat-intelligence feeds, URL reputation services, and sandboxes. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis, but the regression test added in the fix commit provides a clear reproduction template.

Python Authentication Bypass Eml Parser
NVD GitHub
EPSS 0% CVSS 4.1
MEDIUM POC PATCH This Month

Process-wide Mustache HTML escaping is permanently disabled in Unleash (all versions prior to 8.0.3) from the first moment any notification addon formats a feature event, allowing an editor-level user who has placed Slack or Teams link syntax in their unrestricted username to inject attacker-controlled hyperlinks into every configured outbound notification channel - including Slack, Microsoft Teams, Datadog, New Relic, and email. The scope change (S:C in CVSS) reflects that the vulnerable assignment in FeatureEventFormatterMd contaminates Mustache rendering across email-service.ts, webhook.ts, datadog.ts, and new-relic.ts for the lifetime of the Node.js process. No active exploitation has been confirmed (not in CISA KEV) and no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.

Code Injection Microsoft Unleash
NVD GitHub
EPSS 0% CVSS 9.1
CRITICAL Act Now

Improper output encoding in the Apache CloudStack management UI's Instance Reset Password feature allows injection of unescaped output that can expose sensitive data or manipulate the interface. It affects Apache CloudStack 4.15.1.0 through 4.20.3.0 and 4.21.0.0 through 4.22.1.0, an open-source IaaS cloud orchestration platform. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and EPSS exploitation probability is low (0.14%, 4th percentile); vendor-released patches exist in 4.20.3.1 and 4.22.1.1.

Apache Information Disclosure Apache Cloudstack
NVD VulDB

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