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All In One WP Security & Firewall CVE-2026-96825

| EUVDEUVD-2026-89878 MEDIUM
Authentication Bypass by Spoofing (CWE-290)
2026-09-30 Patchstack GHSA-fqw8-cfhg-92jc
4.2
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: Patchstack
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Register or obtain Subscriber account
  2. Delivery
    Send crafted spoofing request to plugin endpoint
  3. Exploit
    Bypass identity/trust check (CWE-290)
  4. Execution
    Access restricted low-privilege function
  5. Impact
    Limited data disclosure or modification

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A07:2025 - Authentication Failures
ASVS 5.0
V6 - Authentication Anti-spoofing controls
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Defense Evasion

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Requires an authenticated WordPress account at Subscriber level or higher on a site running All In One WP Security & Firewall version 5.4.8 or earlier (PR:L). Exploitation is limited by high attack complexity (AC:H): the attacker must satisfy conditions outside their direct control - such as specific plugin state, timing, or predictable/spoofable values - rather than firing a single reliable request, so it is not a trivially repeatable bypass. No user interaction is required (UI:N) and no elevated administrative privileges are needed, but self-registration must be enabled (or an account otherwise obtainable) for a remote unauthenticated attacker to reach the Subscriber prerequisite.

Impact

This is a genuine but low-severity authentication-bypass-by-spoofing issue (CWE-290) that reads as high-visibility because it affects one of the most-deployed WordPress security plugins, yet the technical signals point to modest real-world risk. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N, base 4.2) shows a network-reachable flaw that nonetheless requires an existing authenticated Subscriber account (PR:L), carries high attack complexity (AC:H - meaning conditions outside the attacker's control must be met, e.g. timing, prediction, or specific state), and yields only limited, partial confidentiality and integrity impact with no availability effect. There is no EPSS score, no CISA KEV listing, and no public proof-of-concept in the provided data, so there is no evidence of active or automatable exploitation. The combination of PR:L + AC:H + low impact means this is not a drop-everything priority despite the plugin's huge footprint; it warrants patching in normal cycles. Note a mild tension worth flagging: the product is a 'security & firewall' plugin, so a bypass here undermines a control users rely on, which raises defense-in-depth concern beyond the raw 4.2 score even though the direct data impact is low.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker who already holds a low-privileged Subscriber account on a WordPress site running All In One WP Security & Firewall <= 5.4.8 sends crafted requests that spoof an identity or trust check the plugin performs, bypassing a restriction that should not be reachable at Subscriber level. Because attack complexity is high, success depends on meeting specific conditions rather than a single deterministic request, and the resulting access exposes only limited confidential or modifiable data. No public exploit code is identified at time of analysis.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Sep 30, 2026

All In One WP Security & Firewall 5.4.8 and earlier contains an authentication-bypass-by-spoofing flaw that lets a logged-in Subscriber-level user slip past a plugin security check by supplying a spoofable or predictable value, yielding limited confidentiality and integrity impact (CVSS 4.2, C:L/I:L/A:N). Exploitation is not trivially repeatable: it requires an account at Subscriber level or higher (PR:L) and is gated by high attack complexity (AC:H), meaning the attacker must satisfy conditions outside their direct control such as specific plugin state or timing. No public exploit code and no confirmed active exploitation have been identified at time of analysis, so the practical risk is modest despite the plugin's very large WordPress install base.

RemediationAI

Upgrade All In One WP Security & Firewall beyond 5.4.8 to the latest available release; the Patchstack advisory at https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/all-in-one-wp-security-and-firewall/vulnerability/wordpress-all-in-one-wp-security-firewall-plugin-5-4-8-bypass-vulnerability-vulnerability?_s_id=cve is the authoritative source for the specific patched version, which was not independently confirmed in the data provided here, so verify the fixed release number on the vendor or Patchstack page before treating an update as complete. Because the exploit path requires a Subscriber-level account, the highest-value compensating control is to close or moderate account creation: disable the WordPress "Anyone can register" option (Settings > General > Membership) or add registration approval/CAPTCHA so an anonymous attacker cannot self-provision the required low-privilege account; the trade-off is that legitimate user signups are blocked or slowed. If open registration is a business requirement, audit existing Subscriber accounts and remove stale ones, enforce strong passwords and two-factor authentication to prevent account takeover from supplying the PR:L foothold, and confine untrusted users to the Subscriber role so a bypass yields no more than the limited impact already assessed. Until the plugin is updated, keep the plugin's own firewall and login-hardening features enabled but do not rely on them as the sole control against this spoofing weakness, and consider temporarily deactivating All In One WP Security & Firewall if you have an alternative WAF or hardening layer in place - noting that removing it also removes its other protections. Patching can be scheduled on a normal cycle given the AC:H constraint and the absence of public exploit code, but should not be deferred indefinitely given the extremely large number of installed instances.

Affected VersionsENISA

All In One WP Security & Firewall n/a ≤5.4.8

Affected Packages

euvd all_in_one_wp_security_firewall no fix

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The issue is classified as CWE-290, Authentication Bypass by Spoofing, which describes a check that authorizes a request based on a value the attacker can control, predict, or forge rather than on a properly verified identity. In a WordPress security/firewall plugin such as All In One WP Security & Firewall, such checks typically gate access to protected resources or firewall decisions, so a spoofable input lets a low-privileged Subscriber reach behavior that should be reserved for a trusted party. The provided CPE (cpe:2.3:a:david_anderson_/_team_updraft:all_in_one_wp_security_&_firewall:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*) identifies the plugin maintained by Team Updraft (David Anderson) as the affected component. The assessed vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N confirms network reachability, no user interaction, unchanged scope, and no availability impact; the AC:H component is significant because it indicates the bypass depends on environmental preconditions (plugin configuration, timing, or predictable values) rather than a single deterministic request, which is consistent with a spoofing class of weakness rather than a hardcoded credential or logic flaw. Because the affected plugin is itself a hardening component, a bypass has outsized visibility even though the direct technical impact here is limited.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (Patchstack) PRIMARY 4.2 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
vuln.today AI 4.2 MEDIUM

Network-reachable but needs a Subscriber account (PR:L) and non-deterministic spoofing conditions (AC:H); bypass yields only partial confidentiality and integrity, no availability.

3.1 AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (Patchstack).

CVSS VectorVendor: Patchstack

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
Low
Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

Subscriber Bypass Vulnerability in All In One WP Security & Firewall <= 5.4.8 versions.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 90% exploitable
Prevalence
High
All In One WP Security & Firewall is a top-tier WordPress security plugin with ~1M+ active installs
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

21
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +21
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

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