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College-Notes-Gallery CVE-2026-95819

| EUVDEUVD-2026-84949 MEDIUM
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection') (CWE-74)
2026-09-22 cna@vuldb.com GHSA-8p8x-466q-8j33
5.5
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: vuldb
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Locate exposed College-Notes-Gallery login page
  2. Delivery
    Inject SQL payload into user/pass field
  3. Exploit
    Break out of authentication query
  4. Execution
    Bypass login or dump database rows
  5. Impact
    Access unauthorized application data

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Input neutralization, injection prevention
Exploitation Conditions

Requires only network reachability to a deployed College-Notes-Gallery instance exposing login.php; exploitation is remote, unauthenticated, and needs no user interaction (AV:N/PR:N/UI:N), targeting the 'user' and 'pass' request parameters. The primary limiting factor is deployment scarcity - this is an obscure open-source project with a tiny install base rather than a widely fielded product - and no vendor patch exists, so mitigation depends on operator-side input sanitization or taking the login endpoint offline.

Impact

This is a classic low-priority VulDB/CNA advisory profile: a SQL injection in the login.php authentication handler of an obscure open-source GitHub project (anirbandutta9/College-Notes-Gallery). The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N) indicates remote, unauthenticated, low-complexity exploitation, but the vulnerable-system impacts are all rated Low (VC:L/VI:L/VA:L), yielding a modest 5.5 base score. The vector explicitly carries E:P (Proof-of-Concept), consistent with the description's statement that the exploit has been publicly disclosed. No EPSS score, no CISA KEV listing, and no vendor patch are present in the input. The realistic risk is low-to-moderate: exploitation is technically trivial and public exploit code exists, but the affected product is a niche hobby/student project with negligible production footprint, and the vendor did not respond, so no fix version is published (a 'rolling release' with no version identifiers). Note a tension worth flagging: a SQL injection reachable through login.php credential fields commonly enables authentication bypass and full backend data extraction, which would justify higher confidentiality/integrity impact than the vendor's uniform 'Low' ratings - the impact metrics may be understated, but this cannot be confirmed without source review. This is a high-confidence-mechanism, low-real-world-priority issue rather than a high-CVSS-but-hollow one.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A remote, unauthenticated attacker sends a crafted request to login.php with SQL metacharacters injected into the 'user' or 'pass' parameter, manipulating the backend query to bypass authentication or extract database contents. Public exploit details have been disclosed (VulDB/GitHub issue), and the CVSS vector marks exploit maturity as Proof-of-Concept (E:P), so weaponization requires little effort against an exposed instance.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.4% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Sep 22, 2026

SQL injection in the login.php authentication handler of anirbandutta9's College-Notes-Gallery lets remote, unauthenticated attackers manipulate the 'user' and 'pass' request parameters to inject arbitrary SQL into the backend query, with low confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact per the assessed CVSS:3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N). Exploitation requires only network reachability to a deployed instance exposing login.php, and publicly available exploit code exists (the disclosure was made public via the referenced GitHub issue and VulDB entries), though there is no confirmed active exploitation (CISA KEV) and EPSS data was not provided. Risk is tempered chiefly by deployment scarcity - this is an obscure open-source GitHub project with a very small install base - and by the fact that no vendor-released patch has been identified, since the vendor was contacted early but did not respond.

RemediationAI

No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis - the maintainer was contacted early about the disclosure but did not respond, and the project's rolling release model publishes no fixed version or CPE mapping. Operators running an instance should treat the login endpoint as untrusted until upstream code is corrected: the durable fix is to replace string-concatenated SQL in login.php with parameterized queries/prepared statements (PDO or mysqli with bound parameters) and to validate/escape the 'user' and 'pass' inputs server-side. Where code changes cannot be made, compensating controls include fronting the application with a WAF or reverse proxy that blocks SQL metacharacters and UNION/boolean-based payload patterns on login.php (trade-off: false positives on legitimate credentials containing quotes or special characters, and bypass risk for obfuscated payloads); restricting login.php to trusted source IP ranges or an authenticated VPN/reverse-proxy layer (trade-off: breaks public access for legitimate users); or taking the login page offline entirely if the instance is not business-critical, which eliminates the exposure at the cost of losing functionality. Database hardening - least-privilege DB accounts that cannot read/write unrelated tables, and disabling stacked queries where the driver permits - limits the blast radius but does not remove the injection. Monitor web logs for suspicious SQL syntax in POST bodies to the login endpoint. Consult the referenced advisories for any updates: https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-95819, https://vuldb.com/vuln/408519, and https://github.com/yingxiujie/cve/issues/9.

Affected VersionsENISA

College-Notes-Gallery 8c1cf3d98f30982d069c88ca172612c001eb39f6

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Technical ContextAI · show details

The affected component is a PHP-based web application, College-Notes-Gallery, hosted on GitHub under the anirbandutta9 account, whose login.php script handles authentication. The 'user' and 'pass' HTTP request parameters are insufficiently neutralized before being placed into a SQL statement, allowing an attacker to alter the query's logic - the class of weakness is described under CWE-74 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component, i.e. 'Injection'), which is the parent category for SQL injection (CWE-89) and covers the root cause: untrusted input reaching a downstream SQL interpreter without proper escaping, quoting, or parameterization. The application uses a rolling release model, so affected and fixed version identifiers are not published and the vulnerable state is defined only by the commit baseline 8c1cf3d98f30982d069c88ca172612c001eb39f6; no CPE strings were supplied in the intelligence feed, so exact product/version mapping depends on that commit reference. The vulnerability is network-reachable (AV:N) with low attack complexity, no privileges (PR:N), and no user interaction (UI:N) required, meaning any internet-facing instance with login.php exposed can be targeted directly.

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Severity by source

Vendor (vuldb) PRIMARY 5.5 MEDIUM
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
vuln.today AI 6.5 MEDIUM

Remote unauthenticated pre-login SQL injection (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N); impacts kept Low per vendor scoring though auth-bypass could raise C, and availability is unaffected.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (vuldb).

CVSS VectorVendor: vuldb

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
Low
Vulnerable system: Integrity
Low
Vulnerable system: Availability
Low
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

A vulnerability has been found in anirbandutta9 College-Notes-Gallery up to 8c1cf3d98f30982d069c88ca172612c001eb39f6. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file login.php. Such manipulation of the argument user/pass leads to sql injection. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. This product utilizes a rolling release system for continuous delivery, and as such, version information for affected or updated releases is not disclosed. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.4%
Top 65% exploitable
Prevalence
Rare
obscure single-author GitHub student project, no enterprise footprint
Data Quality
7 sources
Confidence: High
EUVD NVD CVE.org EPSS Vulnrichment GitHub VulDB

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.4%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation
Poc
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
Yes
Human Impact· derived
Medium
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

28
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +28
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

SQL injection exploits the way applications construct database queries by mixing user input directly into SQL statements.

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