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Keycloak CVE-2026-94218

| EUVDEUVD-2026-83846 LOW
Missing Authorization (CWE-862)
2026-09-21 secalert@redhat.com GHSA-rm49-qjx7-5qm5
3.1
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: redhat
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Authenticate with valid password (PR:L)
  2. Delivery
    Begin enforced 2FA-setup login flow
  3. Exploit
    Visit session-restart web link
  4. Execution
    Clears required-step markers
  5. Impact
    Complete login without 2FA

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Authorization checks on every request
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Privilege Escalation

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Requires a Keycloak deployment where an administrator has enforced a stronger authentication flow - specifically mandatory 2FA setup - via a client policy; the flaw does not exist without this configuration. The actor must possess valid first-factor (password) credentials for a real account (PR:L), and must know/visit the specific session-restart web link during the login process. Limiting factors: it is a self-bypass by a legitimate user rather than a remote compromise, impact is integrity-only (weakened authentication posture, no data read or system impact), and it is inapplicable to any deployment not using client-policy-enforced step-up/2FA enrollment.

Impact

This is a low-severity, config-gated security-control bypass, not a remote takeover. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N) yields a 3.1 score with integrity-only impact and no confidentiality or availability effect, and the 'attacker' is essentially a legitimate low-privilege user (PR:L - they already hold valid password credentials) circumventing their OWN mandated 2FA setup. AC:H is justified because the flaw only manifests in deployments where an administrator has actively enforced a stronger authentication flow (e.g. mandatory 2FA setup) through a client policy - it is not present in default configs. No EPSS score, no CISA KEV listing, and no public POC were provided, so exploitation status is 'no public exploit identified at time of analysis.' All impact signals point the same direction: this is a genuine defense-in-depth weakness (a user can log in with password only, defeating an org's 2FA mandate) rather than a widely-weaponizable vulnerability. Priority is low-to-moderate for organizations that specifically rely on Keycloak client policies to force 2FA enrollment; near-zero for others. Note the CWE-862 (missing authorization) classification versus the 'Authentication Bypass' tag - the effect is best described as an authentication-flow/2FA-enforcement bypass; both framings are defensible here.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

In a Keycloak deployment where an admin has used a client policy to force mandatory 2FA setup, a user who wishes to avoid enrolling begins the normal login, then manually navigates to a specific session-restart URL mid-flow. This clears the internal markers tracking the required security steps, letting them complete login with only their password and never enroll in 2FA. No public exploit code is identified; the technique requires only knowledge of the restart link and valid first-factor credentials.

Monitor Track and reassess. Why: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9).
No patch listed yet 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Sep 21, 2026

Keycloak's client-policy-enforced mandatory 2FA enrollment can be bypassed by an authenticated user who manually triggers a session-restart web link during the login flow, causing the internal markers tracking required authentication steps to be cleared so the session completes with only a password. The flaw only manifests in deployments where an administrator has explicitly enforced step-up/2FA setup through a client policy, and it is a self-bypass by a legitimate password holder rather than a remote compromise; the assessed vector (AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N) reflects an integrity-only weakening of the authentication posture. No public exploit code was identified at time of analysis and the issue is not confirmed actively exploited (CISA KEV); no EPSS data was supplied.

RemediationAI

No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis; the supplied references (https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-94218 and https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2537314) should be monitored for the availability of an upstream or Red Hat build fix and the exact patched version, since none is specified in the provided data. As an interim compensating control, administrators can move enforcement of mandatory 2FA away from client policies and instead use realm-level required actions or equivalent server-side step-up mechanisms that are not reset by the session-restart path-at the cost of coarser per-client granularity in policy enforcement. Additional mitigations include auditing and alerting on session-restart usage during authentication flows to detect abuse (this produces noise only if legitimate clients rely on restart semantics), and, where operationally possible, temporarily disabling or restricting the session-restart endpoint to trusted traffic until a fix is applied, with the trade-off that this may break client flows that legitimately depend on session restart. Blocking or requiring additional verification for access to the restart link is likewise imperfect because the endpoint may be needed for normal login recovery, so any such change should be validated against production login flows before rollout.

Affected ProductsAI

The affected product is Keycloak (Red Hat build of Keycloak and upstream Keycloak deployments), specifically installations where an administrator has enforced a stronger authentication flow such as mandatory 2FA setup via a client policy; the provided input does not include affected version ranges or CPE identifiers. Deployments not using client-policy-enforced step-up/2FA enrollment are not affected because the vulnerable configuration does not exist there. Vendor advisory and tracking information are available at the Red Hat security page https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-94218 and the Red Hat Bugzilla entry https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2537314.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

Keycloak is an open-source identity and access management (IAM) and single sign-on solution that brokers authentication for applications through configurable authentication flows, required actions, and client policies. Administrators can attach client policies that force a stronger authentication process-most notably mandatory two-factor authentication (2FA) enrollment-so that a user logging in is expected to complete an additional step before gaining access. Root cause class is CWE-862 (Missing Authorization): the session-restart handler fails to verify that the authentication session still requires the administrator-mandated step-up actions before resetting session state. Visiting the restart link during login clears the internal flags that record which required actions remain outstanding, so the flow terminal state is reached after password entry alone. The CVSS vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N indicates the attack is network-reachable, requires an attack complexity consideration (the specific link must be known and used at the right point in the flow), requires low privileges (a valid first-factor credential for a real account), needs no user interaction, and yields only a low integrity impact with no confidentiality or availability effect. It is not applicable to Keycloak deployments that do not use client-policy-enforced step-up or 2FA enrollment.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (redhat) PRIMARY 3.1 LOW
AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
vuln.today AI 3.1 LOW

Legitimate user with password creds (PR:L) over the network; AC:H because it only applies where client-policy 2FA enforcement is configured; integrity-only I:L (auth control bypassed), no C/A impact.

3.1 AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (redhat).

CVSS VectorVendor: redhat

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
Low
Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

A flaw was found in the authentication session management of Keycloak, an identity and access management solution. The issue occurs when an administrator enforces a stronger authentication flow, such as mandatory two-factor authentication (2FA) setup, through a client policy. A user can bypass this requirement by manually visiting a specific session restart web link during the login process. This action clears the internal markers that track the required security steps, allowing the user to log in with only a password and gain access without completing the mandated 2FA setup.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 90% exploitable
Prevalence
High
Keycloak is a widely deployed open-source enterprise IAM solution
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity LOW
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact· derived
High
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

16
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +16
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

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