Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
NFS requires authenticated mount access (PR:L); exploiting requires both COPY offload use and storage writeback failure (AC:H); only integrity is impacted via silent data loss.
Primary rating from Vendor (Linux).
CVSS VectorVendor: Linux
Lifecycle Timeline
6DescriptionCVE.org
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
nfsd: Reset write verifier when async COPY writeback fails
Async COPY captures nn->writeverf at request time and reports it to the client via CB_OFFLOAD after the worker kthread completes. When the post-copy vfs_fsync_range() or filemap_check_wb_err() in _nfsd_copy_file_range() reports an error, the worker correctly leaves NFSD4_COPY_F_COMMITTED clear so that CB_OFFLOAD encodes wr_stable_how as NFS_UNSTABLE, but the server's write verifier is not rotated.
A client that receives NFS_UNSTABLE in CB_OFFLOAD follows up with COMMIT to make the copied data durable. With the verifier unchanged, COMMIT returns the same value the client just received via CB_OFFLOAD, and the client concludes the copy is durable -- silently dropping the data whose writeback in fact failed. This violates the UNSTABLE+COMMIT durability contract (RFC 7862 section 15.1, RFC 8881 section 18.32) and matches the bug just fixed in nfsd_vfs_write() and nfsd_commit().
Rotate nn->writeverf at the writeback-failure site. The async COPY worker has no svc_rqst, so commit_reset_write_verifier() is not available here; calling nfsd_reset_write_verifier() directly mirrors the trace-less reset already used by nfsd_file_check_write_error() for the same purpose. Filter out -EAGAIN and -ESTALE, matching commit_reset_write_verifier(), since neither indicates a durable-storage failure.
AnalysisAI
Silent data loss in Linux kernel NFSD's NFSv4.2 async COPY implementation causes the server to omit a write-verifier rotation when asynchronous copy writeback fails: the server correctly encodes NFS_UNSTABLE in the CB_OFFLOAD callback, but leaves nn->writeverf unchanged, so the client's subsequent COMMIT handshake returns the same verifier the client already holds and the client concludes copied data is durable - silently discarding data whose writeback actually failed. This violates the UNSTABLE+COMMIT durability contract specified in RFC 7862 §15.1 and RFC 8881 §18.32, matching a protocol-state class of bug already remediated in nfsd_vfs_write() and nfsd_commit(). …
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Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata
Vulnerability AssessmentAI
| Exploitation | Requires Linux kernel NFSD configured as an NFSv4.2 server (available since Linux 5.14), with the async COPY feature accessible to clients (default when NFSv4.2 is negotiated). … Additional conditions and limiting factors are described in the full assessment. |
| Risk Assessment | The NVD-assigned CVSS of 7.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N) materially overstates real-world risk: the attack surface requires NFSv4.2 with async COPY enabled, an NFSv4.2 client issuing a COPY RPC, and a storage writeback failure occurring at the correct post-copy synchronization point - a low-probability conjunction that is not straightforwardly externally triggerable. … Full risk analysis with EPSS, KEV, and SSVC signal comparison available after sign-in. |
| Exploit Scenario | Full exploit scenario with step-by-step reproduction available after sign-in. |
| Remediation | Upgrade to a patched kernel release: Linux 6.12.109, 6.18.50, 7.2.4, or 7.3-rc1. … Detailed patch versions, workarounds, and compensating controls in full report. |
Recommended ActionAI
Within 24 hours: Inventory Linux systems running NFSD with NFSv4.2 support enabled, particularly those used for file copy operations, and assess which contain data dependencies on asynchronous COPY semantics. …
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External POC / Exploit Code
Leaving vuln.today
EUVD-2026-76618
GHSA-gfmq-vxg4-w276