Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessIdentify WordPress site running vulnerable plugin
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DeliverySend unauthenticated HTTP POST to exposed AJAX/REST endpoint
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ExploitServer skips authorization check (CWE-862)
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ExecutionManipulate refund/return/exchange order records
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ImpactAchieve unauthorized integrity impact on WooCommerce order data
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Authorization checks on every request
MITRE ATT&CK
1 technique across 1 tactic: Privilege Escalation The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | No special conditions required beyond the plugin being installed and active on a WordPress + WooCommerce site running version 4.6.4 or earlier. The CVSS vector PR:N/AC:L/UI:N confirms unauthenticated remote exploitation against any default installation of the affected plugin. Limiting factors include: the target site must have the plugin active (not just installed), and the attacker must know or enumerate the specific WordPress AJAX action name or REST route exposed by the vulnerable code path - neither of which constitutes a meaningful barrier given the plugin's public source code. No specific non-default configuration is required to be vulnerable. |
| Impact | The CVSS 3.1 vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N establishes that this is remotely and trivially exploitable with no prerequisites, producing a high integrity impact - an attacker can manipulate order-level data. EPSS data is absent from the provided input, and this CVE is not listed in CISA KEV, indicating no confirmed active exploitation. Patchstack is a credible WordPress-specific security reporter with a strong track record on this class of vulnerability. The practical risk is real for WooCommerce merchants: fraudulent refund requests, cancellation of legitimate exchange orders, or order-status manipulation could cause financial loss. The absence of confidentiality impact (C:N) suggests sensitive data exposure is not part of this attack path, keeping scope contained to data integrity. Real-world risk is moderate-to-high for affected e-commerce operators rather than internet-wide, as targeting requires knowledge of affected shop endpoints. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An unauthenticated attacker sends a crafted HTTP POST request to the WordPress AJAX endpoint or a WooCommerce REST API route registered by the plugin, triggering an order-manipulation action - such as creating a fraudulent refund request or cancelling a legitimate exchange - without providing any credentials or nonce. Because the plugin performs no authorization check, the server processes the request as if it came from an authorized user. No exploit code has been publicly released, but the attack is straightforward given the low complexity and standard nature of WordPress AJAX abuse. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Sep 10, 2026
Broken access control in the Return Refund and Exchange For WooCommerce WordPress plugin by WP Swings (versions ≤ 4.6.4) exposes privileged refund, return, or exchange management operations to unauthenticated remote attackers. The CVSS vector (PR:N/I:H) confirms that no authentication is required and that the integrity impact is high, consistent with CWE-862 (Missing Authorization) - meaning the plugin registers AJAX hooks or REST API routes without verifying WordPress user capabilities before executing write operations. No public exploit or active exploitation has been confirmed at time of analysis.
RemediationAI
Update the Return Refund and Exchange For WooCommerce plugin to a version above 4.6.4 immediately. The Patchstack advisory at https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/woo-refund-and-exchange-lite/vulnerability/wordpress-return-refund-and-exchange-for-woocommerce-plugin-4-6-4-broken-access-control-vulnerability should be consulted for the confirmed fixed version, as the provided input data does not specify an exact patched release number. If an update is not immediately available, as a compensating control site administrators should restrict access to wp-admin AJAX endpoints and any custom REST routes registered by this plugin using a web application firewall rule or server-side IP allowlist - though this may disrupt legitimate customer-facing return submission flows. Monitoring order logs for unexpected refund or return status changes can help detect exploitation attempts while the patch is applied.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
The affected product is the 'Return Refund and Exchange For WooCommerce' plugin by WP Swings, identified by CPE cpe:2.3:a:wp_swings:return_refund_and_exchange_for_woocommerce:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*. It extends WooCommerce to manage post-purchase workflows (returns, refunds, exchanges). CWE-862 (Missing Authorization) is the root cause: WordPress plugins that register AJAX actions via wp_ajax_nopriv_ or REST API endpoints without current_user_can() or nonce validation allow unauthenticated HTTP requests to trigger privileged back-end operations - in this case likely creating, modifying, or cancelling refund/return/exchange requests that should require either customer authentication or shop-manager privileges.
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Unauthenticated network exploitation via HTTP with no complexity; integrity-only impact on order data; no confidentiality or availability impact described.
Primary rating from Vendor (Patchstack).
CVSS VectorVendor: Patchstack
DescriptionCVE.org
Unauthenticated Broken Access Control in Return Refund and Exchange For WooCommerce <= 4.6.4 versions.
Executive ViewAI
The WooCommerce Return Refund and Exchange plugin (versions ≤4.6.4) contains an unauthenticated authorization flaw allowing remote attackers to initiate unauthorized refunds, returns, and exchanges without login credentials, directly exposing revenue and inventory to fraud. Any online store using this vulnerable plugin version faces immediate risk of large-scale refund abuse and customer order manipulation. Leadership should prioritize remediation within 24 hours as this vulnerability requires no technical sophistication and poses active financial risk.
No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Interim mitigations: (1) Disable the plugin entirely and redirect refund requests to manual email-based processing; (2) Implement Web Application Firewall rules blocking POST/GET requests to wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=* and /wp-json/rwrx/* endpoints; (3) Restrict refund operations to logged-in admin users via htaccess or reverse proxy authentication layer; (4) Enable real-time alerts on all refund transactions exceeding baseline thresholds; (5) Audit recent refund logs for anomalous volume or patterns suggesting automated exploitation.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
The Return Refund and Exchange For WooCommerce WordPress plugin before 4.0.9 does not validate attachment files to be up
Unauthenticated ownership bypass in the Return Refund and Exchange For WooCommerce plugin (versions before 4.6.4) expose
The Return Refund and Exchange For WooCommerce - Return Management System, RMA Exchange, Wallet And Cancel Order Feature
The Return Refund and Exchange For WooCommerce - Return Management System, RMA Exchange, Wallet And Cancel Order Feature
EUVD-2026-75528
GHSA-w59f-g372-95cg
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
Exploit-DB